• 한국마린엔지니어링학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국마린엔지니어링학회 2002년도 춘계학술대회논문집
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• pp.147-152
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• 2002

This paper was studied on corrosion of heat exchanger tube for absorption refrigeration machine. In the 62 % lithium bromide solution at $60^{\circ}C$, polarization test of Cu, Al-brass, 10 % cupro nickel(90-10 % Cu-Ni) and 30 % cupronickel(70-30 % Cu-Ni) tube was carried out. And polarization behavior, polarization resistance characteristics, open circuit potential, anodic polarization of heat exchanger tube for absorption refrigeration machine were considered. The main results are as following: The open circuit potential of Al-brass tube becomes less noble than that of Cu tube, corrosion current density of that becomes lower than Cu tube. The open circuit potential of cupronickel tube is more noble than that of Cu tube, corrosion current density of that is controlled than Cu tube. The passivation critical current of 30 % Cu-Ni tube is lower than that of 10 % Cu-Ni tube, potential of passive region of that is more wide than 10 % Cu-Ni tube.

• 한국표면공학회지
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• 제21권4호
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• pp.176-182
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• 1988

Effects of Cr, Ni and W on the anodic polarization behavior were investigated for Fe-Cr-Ni-W alloys in deaerated 1N HCI solution. Surface films formed on the polarization were analysed using AES, SEM and EDAX. A higerconcentration of tungten was found in the surface oxide film compared to the matrix. It played an importanet role on incresing the stability of the passive film. The presence of an adequate amount of Cr was essential to increase the pitting resistance of the alloys in acid chloride media. Under 12 wt%cr,alloys containing 6wt%W did not exhidit any passivity at all. The main role of Ni was to control the microstructure rather than to modify the corrosion resistance. In 23 cr-14Ni-^W alloy, the duplex microstructure of ferrite($\delta$-phase) in an austenic matrix was developed. The reson why proferred pitting appeared in austenite and ferrite/austenite interface was that ferrite had more amount of Cr and W than austenite.

• 한국소음진동공학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국소음진동공학회 2012년도 추계학술대회 논문집
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• pp.102-107
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• 2012

In this study, the design procedure of hybrid active mount by an electro-magnetic actuator is proposed to reduce the transmitted force from naval shipboard equipment to ship hull structure. The hybrid type mount which is composed of a passive rubber element and an electro-magnetic actuator is introduced and, through the vibration measurement for the objective pump system, the required force of the actuator is computed and discussed in detail. The initial designs were supposed for three types, one is moving coil type actuator and the others are moving permanent magnet type actuators. Based on the initial design concept, the final designs considering shock resistance and interference with mover and stator are proposed and examined.

• 한국분말야금학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국분말야금학회 2006년도 Extended Abstracts of 2006 POWDER METALLURGY World Congress Part2
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• pp.1043-1044
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• 2006

Compositional dependence of corrosion behavior of rapidly solidified Mg-rich Mg-Zn-Y alloys in NaCl aqueous solution has been investigated. Mg-Zn-Y ternary alloys containing small amounts of Zn exhibited low corrosion rate, although the $Mg_{98}Y_2$ (at. %) binary alloy showed severe corrosion with violet evolution of hydrogen. The alloy with highest corrosion-resistance was $Mg_{97.25}Zn_{0.75_Y_2$, its corrosion rate was about 1 mm year-1 in 0.17 M (1.0 wt. %) NaCl solution. $Mg_{97.25}Zn_{0.75}Y_2$ alloy exhibited passive region in anodic polarization curves when immersed in NaCl solution. Rapidly solidification and small amount of Zn addition may bring about an increase in electrochemical homogeneity of Mg-Zn-Y alloys, resulting in enhancement of corrosion resistance.

• Corrosion Science and Technology
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• 제7권6호
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• pp.338-343
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• 2008

The electrochemical properties of W-modified austenitic stainless steels containing Ta and La were evaluated in a $H_{3}PO_{4}$ type PEMFC environment. Electrochemical test was conducted in 0.05 M $H_{3}PO_{4}$ solution at $80^{\circ}C$ and electrical property was conducted by contact resistance test. XPS was conducted to analyze the chemical elements consisting of passive film. Addition of La and Ta in W-modified austenitic stainless steel shows not only better corrosion resistance but also better electrical property.

• The Korean Journal of Ecology
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• 제4권3_4호
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• pp.59-67
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• 1981

본 연구는 Heteromeres arbutifolia의 잎과 Ferocactus acanthodes의 줄기에서 기공저항을 측정하여 공변세포의 능동적 수동적 운동을 이론적 기반하에서 연구하는데 그 목적이 있다. 빛과 물의 손실에 대한 기공의 능동적 수동적 반응이 관찰되었고 공변세포의 내외의 물의 득실율을 명명 $\Delta$Wi 와 $\Delta$Wt라고 하였을 때 그곳에 축적되는 물의 축적율은 $\Delta$Wi-$\Delta$Wt로 표시된다. 빛의 존재하에서 기공이 열린 잎을 암처리시키고 어두운 곳에서 기공이 닫힌 잎에 빛을 주었을때, H. arbutifolia잎의 공변세포는 $\Delta$Wi>$\Delta$Wt인 상태만을 나타냈고 기공개폐는 능동적이였다. 그러니 자연광하에서 기공을 닫는 F. acanthodes의 줄기에 검은 천을 덮었다가 벗겼을때 공변세포의 운동은 $\Delta$Wi<$\Delta$Wt 상태에서 일어 났으며 수동적이였다. 줄기에서 떨어짐으로 인해 $\Delta$Wi>$\Delta$Wt 상태를 나타내는 H. arbutifolia와 F. acanthodes의 공변세포의 운동은 광의 유무에 무관하게 언제나 수동적으로 일어 났다. F. acanthodes와 Opuntia bigelovii의 줄기에 있는 공변세포의 증산저항계수는 각각 0.380과 0.135였으며 이들은 0.034의 값을 나타내는 H. arbutifolia잎의 경우보다 훨씬높다. 더우기 낮동안 F. acanthodes의 줄기에서 기공이 열리는 현상은 물을 줌으로써 유도될 수 있었다. 이 결과들로부터 사막의 CAM식물들은 언제나 기공을 여는 상태이나 밤동안은 $\Delta$Wi>$\Delta$Wt이고 낮동안은 $\Delta$Wi<$\Delta$Wt가 되므로 밤에 기공이 열리고 낮에는 닫히는 수동적 운동을 하게된다고 해석된다.

• 열처리공학회지
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• 제12권1호
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• pp.9-20
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• 1999

The effect of post oxidation, water-quenched after holding in air for 5~420 seconds or cooling or furnace cooling, on corrosion resistance and phase formation characteristics of the surface layer of SM20C and SM45C carbon steels after gas nirtrocarbursing in the $NH_3-5%CO_2-N_2$ gas atmosphere at $580^{\circ}C$ for 3hours is studied. The compound layers of two steels consist of ${\varepsilon}-Fe_{2-3}N$, ${\gamma}^{\prime}-Fe_4N$ and $Fe_3O_4$, phases, however, the quantity of ${\gamma}^{\prime}-Fe_4N$ phase increases for the furnace cooled specimen compared to that of air cooling specimen. With increasing $NH_3$ content in the gas mixture and also increasing the keeping time in the air after gas nitrocarburising, the ${\varepsilon}-Fe_{2-3}N$ phase of compound layer increases, while the decreased current density recognizing the improvement of corrosion resistance are shown. the passive current density of SM45C steel is lower than that of SM20C steel at the same nitrocarburising conditions.

• Corrosion Science and Technology
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• 제18권3호
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• pp.110-116
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• 2019

Resistances to pitting corrosion of additive manufactured (AM) Ti-6Al-4V alloys in 0.6 M NaBr and 0.6 M NaCl aqueous solutions were compared using micro-droplet cell techniques. With respect to the pitting corrosion resistance, this study focused on two different types of halide anions in aqueous solutions, i.e. $Br^-$ and $Cl^-$. The differences between $Br^-$ and $Cl^-$ halide anions for breakdown on passive films of AM Ti-6Al-4V alloy were explained using Langmuir adsorption model with their equilibrium adsorption coefficients. The results of the analysis showed that the lower resistance to pitting potential of AM Ti-6Al-4V alloy in $Br^-$ aqueous solution was attributed to the higher equilibrium adsorption coefficient of Br-. In addition, micro-electrochemical test results showed that the pitting corrosion resistance of dark grains in additive manufactured Ti-6Al-4V alloy was lower as compared to that of bright grains due to the larger volume of ${\alpha}^{\prime}$ phase that caused the susceptibility to pit initiation.

• 한국지반공학회지:지반
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• 제10권4호
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• pp.67-82
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• 1994

본 연구에서는 강 함유재에 의한 점토에서의 전단강도 증가를 예측하기 위하여 직접전단하에서 힘의 한계평형에 근거한 보강점토 모델이 제안되었다. 본 모델은 함유재의 방향과 길이, 함유재와 점토사이 부착응력 및 함유재의 이동에 따른 흙의 수동저항력이 보강점토의 거동에 미치는 영향을 고려하였다. 이론적인 예측과 비교검토하기 위하여 개폐된 전단박스로 구성된 직접전단 장치를 이용하여 직접전단시험을 실시하였다. 또한 함유재와 점토사이의 부착응력을 산정하기 위하여 인발실험을 실시하였다. 시험결과 보강점토의 전단응력의 증가 또는 감소는 함유재의 방향과 점토의 함수비와 관련되어 있음을 알았다. 이론적인 예측과 시험결과를 비교한 결과 본 이론적인 모델은 함유재의 방향과 함유재의 이동에 따른 흙의 수동 저항력이 보강점토의 역학적인 거동에 미치는 영향을 비교적 잘 예측 해주고 있음을 알 수 있었다.

• International Journal of Concrete Structures and Materials
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• 제1권1호
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• pp.83-88
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• 2007

This paper discusses a method of measuring transient potential response of a corrosion interface to a small galvanostatic pulse perturbation for a rapid assessment of the corrosion rate of reinforcing steel in concrete structures. Measurements were taken on 100 mm sections of steel bars which were subjected to a wide range of corrosion conditions, from passive steel to actively corroding steel. The duration of the applied galvanostatic pulse was varied between 5s and 180s, and the lateral distance of the point of measurement on the steel bar varied from zero to 400 mm. The result of the electrochemical transient response was investigated using a typical sampling rate of 1 kHz. Analysis of the transient potential response to the applied galvanostatic pulse has enabled the separation of equivalent electronic components so that the components of a series of capacitances and resistances, whose values are dependent on the corrosion condition of the reinforcing steel, could be isolated. The corrosion rate was calculated from a summation of the separate resistive components, which were associated with the corrosion interface, and was compared with the corrosion rate obtained from linear polarization resistance (LPR) method. The results show that the galvanostatic pulse transient technique enables the components of the polarization resistance to be evaluated separately so as to give more reliable corrosion rate values than those obtained from the LPR method. Additionally, this paper shows how the galvanostatic pulse transient response technique can be implemented. An appropriate measurement time for passive and actively corroding reinforcing steel is suggested for the galvanostatic pulse transient response measurements in the field site.