• Korean Chemical Engineering Research
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• 제43권2호
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• pp.286-293
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• 2005

기체 수송층 흡수탑과 기포 유동층 재생탑으로 구성된 $CO_2$ 회수 공정에 대한 해석의 첫 단계로 이 공정에서 고체 순환특성을 해석하였다. 흡수제 고체 입자에 대한 입도별 물질수지를 해석하여 공정의 흐름에서 고체 흐름량과 입도 분포를 결정하였다. 실험실 규모 공정(흡수탑: 직경 25 mm, 높이 6 m; 재생탑: 직경 0.1 m, 높이 1.2 m)에서 고체순환특성을 모사하였다. 흡수탑의 입도분포는 재생탑의 입도분포와 거의 같았다. 흡수탑에서 유속과 정체층 높이가 증가함에 따라서 고체순환량과 새 흡수제 주입량은 증가하였다. 반면에 흡수탑 내 입자의 평균입경은 감소하였다. 흡수탑사이클론의 절단입도가 증가함에 따라서 고체순환속도는 감소하였으며, 새 흡수제 주입속도와 흡수탑 내 입자의 평균 입경은 증가하였다. 흡수제 입자의 마모계수가 증가함에 따라서 고체순환속도는 증가하고, 새 흡수제 주입속도는 증가하며, 흡수탑 내 입자의 평균입경은 감소하였다.

• 한국분말야금학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국분말야금학회 2006년도 Extended Abstracts of 2006 POWDER METALLURGY World Congress Part 1
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• pp.18-19
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• 2006

To improve the properties of fine metal powder, such as particle size distribution and geometric standard deviation, this work was done at various atomizing conditions. The new atomization mechanism and the correlation equation were proposed to estimate the mean particle diameter.

• 한국대기환경학회지
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• 제16권5호
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• pp.445-451
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• 2000

To estimate dry deposition flux of 12 elements in aerosols, aerosol particles were sampled by a low-pressure impactor(LPI) and a dust jar. The concentrations of 12 elements in aerosol particle and dry deposition were analyzed by a PIXE analysis using as a 2.0 MeV-proton beam. The mean dry deposition velocities of 12 elements were estimated by ranges of 0.74∼2.62 cm/sec. The results showed that the highest value was 3.26 cm/sec for Ca and the lowest value 0.74 cm/sec for Fe. The dry deposition flux for elements was calculated as a function of particle size by 1-step method and 12-step method. In this work, dry deposition velocities were computed with the two existing models; the coarse-particle fraction(4∼30 mm diameter) using the dry deposition velocity model of the Noll and Fang(1998) and the fine-particle fraction (0.05∼4mm diameter) using the Shemel and Hodgson(1980) model. The ratios of the mean calculated/measured fluxes were 3.59 for 1-step method and 0.60 for 12-step method respectively.

• 대한환경공학회지
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• 제32권12호
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• pp.1111-1118
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• 2010

비접촉법으로 유동장이나 온도, 화학종 농도의 계측이 가능한 레이저 응용 계측기술은 연소 메카니즘의 해명뿐만 아니라 수치해석 결과의 정당성을 입증하는 수단으로 최근 주목받고 있다. 본 연구에서는 레이저 도플러 유속계와 쉐도우 도플러 입자 분석계를 이용하여 난류 미분탄 화염 내 입자거동에 대하여 관찰하였다. 버너는 여러 광학계측을 용이하게 하기 위하여 대기개방형으로 하였으며, 실험실 규모의 안정된 난류 미분탄화염이 형성 가능한 소형 모델버너를 제작 하였다. 그 결과 미분탄 입자의 평균입경은 연소과정이 진행함에 따라 증가하는 경향을 나타내었다. 이러한 원인은 다수의 소입경의 미분탄 입자가 휘발분을 방출하여 연소반응에 의해 소실되기 때문이다. 또한 화염 중심부에서 미분탄 입자의 속도장은 입경의 크기에 크게 의존하지 않지만, 화염 외주부에서의 미분탄 입자의 속도장은 입경에 크게 의존하고 있음을 알 수 있다.

• 한국추진공학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국추진공학회 2008년도 제31회 추계학술대회논문집
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• pp.171-174
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• 2008

소형 회전연료 분사장치의 분열과정 특성을 연구하기 위한 실험적 연구를 수행하였다. 이러한 분열과정의 특성을 이해하기 위해 PDPA(Phase Doppler Particle Analyzer)시스템을 사용하여 분무입자의 크기와 속도를 측정하였다. 또한 Nd-Yag Laser를 광원으로 사용하여 분무를 가시화하였다. 실험결과 Injection Orifice로부터 생성된 액주는 회전수에 의해 지배되고, SMD(Sauter Mean Diameter)와 분무특성은 Injection Orifice의 직경에 큰 영향을 받는다는 것을 알 수 있었다.

• Journal of Biosystems Engineering
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• 제35권3호
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• pp.158-162
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• 2010

The effect of fuel injection characteristics on engine performance has been known for improving fuel economy and emission reduction. In this study, the spray characteristics of crude palm oil blended fuel with conventional diesel fuel was investigated. The experiments were performed to evaluate the effect of crude palm oil blending ratio and injection pressure on the spray behavior. The droplet size of injected fuel was analyzed through laser diffraction particle analyzer (LDPA). Also, spray atomization characteristics were investigated in terms of Sauter mean diameter (SMD) and droplet distribution at various injection conditions. Fuel containing crude palm oil has different spray pattern on account of the high viscosity. Through those experimental results, we found that the increase of blending ratio made droplet size larger, SMD of biodiesel 100% was increased 30.2% than that of diesel fuel 100% under injection pressure of 60 MPa.

• Journal of Mechanical Science and Technology
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• 제14권4호
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• pp.466-476
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• 2000

This paper presents atomization characteristics of a double impinging F -0-0- F type injector with four streams. A phase Doppler particle analyzer was employed to measure the droplet-size and water was used as the inert simulant liquid instead of reactive propellant liquids. The droplet mean diameter (SMD) and size distribution were measured to investigate the effects of the momentum ratio and pressure drop variations. This experimental results can be used during the preliminary design stage of a impinging stream type injector for liquid rockets.

• 한국분무공학회지
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• 제11권1호
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• pp.17-23
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• 2006

The influence of fuel spray characteristics on engine performance has been known as one of the major concerns to Improve fuel economy and to reduce exhaust emissions. In general, the UBHC(Unburned Hydrocarbon) emission could be reduced by decreasing the droplet size of the fuel sprays. In PFI (Port Fuel Injection) gasoline engines, the mixture of air and fuel would not be uniform under a certain condition, because the breakup and production of spray droplets are made in a short distance between the fuel injector and intake valve sheat. In this study, were investigated the transient spray characteristics and dynamic behavior of droplets from 2holes-2sprays and 4holes-2sprays type injectors used in PFI gasoline engine. Mean droplet size and optical concentration were measured by LDPA (Laser Diffraction Particle size Analyzer). The variation of droplet mean diameter and optical concentration were measured for understanding the behavior of unsteady spray.

• 한국분무공학회지
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• 제6권2호
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• pp.16-21
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• 2001

This paper describes the macroscopic behavior and atomization characteristics of the high-pressure gasoline swirl injector in direct-injection gasoline engine. The global spray behavior of fuel injector was visualized by shadowgraph technique. The atomization characteristics of gasoline spray such as mean diameter and mean velocity of droplets were measured by the phase Doppler particle analyzer system. The macroscopic visualization and experiment of particle measurement on the fuel spray were investigated at 7 and 10 MPa of injection pressure under different spray cone angle. The results of this work show that the geometry of injector was more dominant over the macroscopic characteristics of spray than the fuel injection pressure and injection duration. As for the atomization characteristics, the increase of injection pressure resulted in the decrease of fuel droplet diameter and the atomization characteristics differed as to the spray cone angle. The most droplets had under $25{\mu}m$ diameter and for the large droplets(upper $40{\mu}m$) as the spray grew the atomization presses were very slow. Comparison results between the measured droplet distribution and the droplet distribution functions revealed that the measured droplet distribution is very closed to the Normal distribution function and Nukiyama-Tanasawa's function.

• 한국분무공학회지
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• 제9권2호
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• pp.24-33
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• 2004

The effect of the working fluid flow conditions and nozzle geometry on the spray performance of a twin-fluid nozzle used in Selective Catalytic Reduction is investigated experimentally. The liquid pressure is varied in the range of 0.3atm to 1.5atm and the air pressure is varied from the 0.5atm to 3.0atm. relative position between liquid nozzle(internal nozzle) and air nozzle(external nozzle) tip changes front 1mm inside the air nozzle to 1mm outside the air nozzle. The orifice diameter of the air nozzle is varied with 5mm. 6mm and 7mm. Spray visualization is realized with CCD-Camera. SMD(Sauter Mean Diameter) and mean particle velocities are measured by PDPA(Phase Doppler Particle Analyzer) under various experimental conditions. The measuring point is 300mm away from the nozzle tip in the downstream spray. The experimental results are that spray angle is depended air flow rate because nozzle diameter, air pressure and nozzle tip relative positions are related air flow rate. SMD is depended air flow rate and water flow rate. Also, SMD is increased when water flow rate is bigger. SMD is decreased when Air flow rate is bigger.