• Journal of The Korea Institute of Healthcare Architecture
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• v.17 no.3
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• pp.27-33
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• 2011

The purpose of this study is to propose reasonable standards related to securing the number of parking lots of university hospital in Korea. High proportion of visitors use their cars in order to receive consultation and treatment from doctors and feel the shortage of parking capacity of hospital, resulting to the low satisfaction level in using hospital. Of course, every hospital meets the parking regulation of the government. Therefore it is necessary to consider another parking demand factors besides the parking regulation of the government in order to secure proper number of parking lots in hospital. This study proposes number of hospital beds, vicinity of public transportation, number of doctors and staffs of hospital, and peak time parking demand as the parking demand factors.

• Journal of Korea Society of Digital Industry and Information Management
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• v.5 no.3
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• pp.1-8
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• 2009

There are several ways to solve parking problem in the downtown. One of them is to manage parking efficiently, that is, to raise use-efficiency of parking place and to help in the block efficiently, it can prevent disproportion that some parking space is over capacity and the other parking one is under. It causes not only the disproportion of economic efficiency but also the congestion of local road. The precondition to manage parking efficiently is to analyse the parking characteristics. In this paper we build up total D/B by collecting every information about parking space. We developed the Parking Management System by using RFID and Sensor. The efficient Parking Management System is for convenience of drivers and efficient usage of parking space. And this system is also the basic study to be developed as the total Parking Management System by upgrading every information.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Industry Convergence
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• v.7 no.3
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• pp.273-279
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• 2004

There are several ways to solve parking problem in the downtown One of them is to manage parking efficiently, that is, to raise use-efficiency of parking place and to help drivers to select easily. When we manage the parking place m the block efficiently, It can prevent disproportion that some parking space is over capacity and the other parking one is under. It causes not only the disproportion of economic efficiency but also the congestion of local road. The precondition to manage parking efficiently is to analyse the parking characteristics. In this study we found out the characteristics of parking vehicles by analyzing the turnover per parking mesh and occupancy rate And we build up total D/B by collecting every information about parking space. We developed the Parking Management System by using GIS with D/B and digital map. The efficient Parking Management System is for convenience of drivers and efficient usage of parking space. And this system is also the basic study to be developed as the total Parking Management System by upgrading every information.

• Journal of The Korea Institute of Healthcare Architecture
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• v.3 no.5
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• pp.7-15
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• 1997

This study aims to analyze the parking demand in general hospitals in Chunju. The survey is done to examine the capacity of parking, the time of parking, the frequency of parking, and the actual condition of parking space. As a results of analysis, the conclusion was derived that the parking space is not satisfactory compared to the desired level. Consequently, this study aims to represent the improved parking based on characteristics of parking systems and the practical uses of the parking space in general hospitals.

• Journal of Korean Society of Transportation
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• v.9 no.2
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• pp.135-144
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• 1991

In recent years parking problems have been rapidly highlighted. Particularly on-street parking has become a very serious problem so an immediate action needs to be taken to resolve this problem. On-steet parking is attributable not only to insufficient capacity of parking lots but also to the facts that must of the parking lots are far away from the destinations to which drivers intend to go and that their locations are unclear. The effect of on-street parking is so great as to cause road traffic problems such as traffic jam and danger to road safety as well as to lead to obstructing business activities resulting in a decline of commercial areas. Therefore on-street parking is an important problem for a city as a whole. In this paper I have investigated a parking lot information and guiding system as one of the techniques to resolve the on-street parking problem and have clarified the effect of introducing this system and necessary conditions for implementing an optimum information and guiding system. Moreover I have pointed out the problems to be encountered in imp-lementing such system in areas not equipped with infrastructures taking into account the road conditions in these areas and have stated that it would be necessary to develop a new idea of information and guiding system in order to overcome these problems. I have suggested a Shot Gun Method as a proposal and have discussed extensibility of this method in the future.

• The Journal of The Korea Institute of Intelligent Transport Systems
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• v.8 no.3
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• pp.20-26
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• 2009

One way to increase public revenue from public parking spaces is by improving the way parking meters gather data. Improved parking meters have evolved that increase car park revenue as well as efficiency in service and operations. It provides parking meters with the capacity to provide real-time information. This information consist primarily of the status of parking spaces (it indicates which expired metered spaces have parked vehicles.) The technology consists of sensors located at meters that report on their condition (i.e. whether it is working or if it is expired). This information is processed by a microprocessor and then sent via an internal wireless modem to the server. This server then processes the information from all the parking meters and sends it to the public institution in charge of them. This system also provides verification of parking permits. For example, disabled people with special license plates can be automatically approved for parking in designated places.

• Journal of the Korean Institute of Landscape Architecture
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• v.28 no.2
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• pp.1-9
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• 2000

The purpose of this study is to examine influence of interior landscape in commercial spaces on the management benefit. In the course of this study, objects of survey were selected from interior landscaping specialist, manager and consumer who had experiences to visit to the hotel, bank, department store and restaurant. The main method of data collection was interview, questions and gathering materials. The cronbach's alphas program was used to measure the reliability of likert scales. The analysis program was applied a statistical methods. The results of this study can be summarized as follows: The factors considered by consumer who visits to the commercial space are design, interior landscape, traffic, parking capacity, cleanness, price, kindness of employee and event. Factors concerned with the product include branch size, traffic, parking capacity, kindness of employee. Factors concerned with facilities include branch size, traffic, parking capacity, kindness of employee. Major factors of those effects to management benefit are accessibility, time of stay, sales, efficiency of space, attractiveness and difference. In conclusion, overlap style gets the highest degree of satisfaction among total factors. Results of the survey show that factors which improve sales are overlap style and planter type. Among four commercial spaces, hotel is most effected by interior landscape. To enhance the sales of hotel, further study of interior landscape about hotel necessary. For bank and restaurant, further study of economic planter type and style is necessary. For department store, optimal use of spaces and case of maintenance are necessary.

• Journal of Electrical Engineering and Technology
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• v.11 no.6
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• pp.1880-1885
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• 2016

This study aims to design a zonal lumen for parking garage LED lightings of a slim appearance and 20 W/2,000 lm capacity and to fabricate a lighting luminaire accordingly. The frame is of a one-dimensional bar type with a reverse V-shaped section, with LED chips arranged along both sides. To maximize the $60^{\circ}$ to $80^{\circ}$ zonal lumen, the geometric structure was designed with the apex of the reverse V-shaped section at $40^{\circ}$ and both sides at $70^{\circ}$. As for the LED light source, focusing lenses with narrower full-width half-maximum (FWHM) in luminous intensity were used. A ray-tracing simulation method was utilized for the zonal lumen simulation of the given structure. An actual hardware of luminaire based on the simulation results was fabricated and characterized. The suggested model is meant to develop LED lightings with a proper level of zonal lumen required in parking garages.

• Proceedings of the Korean Institute Of Construction Engineering and Management
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• 2007.11a
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• pp.995-998
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• 2007

The number of households old over as much as 20 years is expected to get increased rapidly more than 1,000,000(1 million). As a measure to this fact remodeling is being revitalized over the country. parking lots expansion actually takes up a great deal of weight among the requirement for remodeling. When constructing a parking lot for enlargement, the way of going into the main building determines such construction features as selection of Retaining Wall Method, installation of an elevator, parking measure of capacity, etc. This study derived the affecting factors for selecting the way of going into the main building when constructing an underground parking lot. In a research way, we examined the features on each method of going into the main building in an apartment complex through an in-depth interview with some experts after investigating the method of enlarging an underground parking lot and going into the main building. After that, we derived the affecting factors for selecting the way of going into the main building. The affecting factors include constructability, convenience, economic efficiency as a high level as well as existence and nonexistence of basement and removal, safety of current building, parking measure of capacity, amenity, inhabitant traffic line, construction expenses and construction duration as a low one. This study will be applied as a reference for selecting the way of going into the main building when constructing an underground parking lot especially targetted on an old apartment house.

• International Journal of High-Rise Buildings
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• v.3 no.2
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• pp.155-165
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• 2014

This study measured and compared the variation of ventilation rate and fan energy consumption according to various control strategies after installing wireless sensor-based pilot ventilation system in order to verify the applicability of demand-controlled ventilation (DCV) strategy that was efficient ventilation control strategy for underground parking lot. The underground parking lot pilot ventilation system controlled the ventilation rate by directly or indirectly tracking the traffic load in real-time after sensing data, using vehicle detection sensors and carbon monoxide (CO) and carbon dioxide ($CO_2$) sensor. The ventilation system has operated for 9 hours per a day. It responded real-time data every 10 minutes, providing ventilation rate in conformance with the input traffic load or contaminant level at that time. A ventilation rate of pilot ventilation system can be controlled at 8 levels. The reason is that a ventilation unit consists of 8 high-speed nozzle jet fans. This study proposed vehicle detection sensor based demand-controlled ventilation (VDS-DCV) strategy that would accurately trace direct traffic load and CO sensor based demand-controlled ventilation (CO-DCV) strategy that would indirectly estimate traffic load through the concentration of contaminants. In order to apply DCV strategy based on real-time traffic load, the minimum required ventilation rate per a single vehicle was applied. It was derived through the design ventilation rate and total parking capacity in the underground parking lot. This is because current ventilation standard established per unit floor area or unit volume of the space made it difficult to apply DCV strategy according to the real-time variation of traffic load. According to the results in this study, two DCV strategies in the underground parking lot are considered to be a good alternative approach that satisfies both energy saving and healthy indoor environment in comparison with the conventional control strategies.