• Journal of Korean Society of Transportation
• /
• v.32 no.5
• /
• pp.452-461
• /
• 2014

Conventional parking survey has been usually performed by a person, which has a lot of problems such as decreased mobility, data input error, longer time and expensiveness. Therefore, this study attempted to develop an automatic parking survey method using lately commercialized equipments that were highly efficient imagery interpretation equipments, GPS, and infrared lighting fixtures. In addition, this study developed a parking analysis software that enables to modify and save data, and analyze survey data by the automatic parking survey method. When parking survey is conducted using automatic parking survey method, surveying accuracy is influenced by the running speed of a surveying vehicle, the photographing angle of an imagery interpretation equipment, the gap between parking vehicles and the distance of a surveying vehicle to parking vehicles. Therefore, this study drew optimum conditions by testing on each items for accuracy improvement, and developed a parking analysis software for systematic storage and management of parking survey data, supporting the parking analysis and output the parking analysis result.

• Journal of the Korea Convergence Society
• /
• v.11 no.9
• /
• pp.193-202
• /
• 2020

The aim of this paper is to analyze parking characteristics and demand of A general hospital(A hospital) based on data on entries·exits in parking lot and to improve parking service to patients and visitors without building new parking spaces. To improve the quality of parking service we analyze average parking duration, parking turnover, peak hour, parking index and parking demand of A hospital. Using the results of this research we can improve parking regulations and operate a parking lot smartly. Other hospitals of similar size of A hospital can also refer to these results to improve parking service and build a smart parking system.

• Korean Journal of Artificial Intelligence
• /
• v.9 no.2
• /
• pp.29-34
• /
• 2021

In this paper, for efficient parking control, in an Arduino environment, an intelligent parking control prototype was implemented to provide parking control and parking guidance information using HC-SR2O4 and RC522. The main elements of intelligent parking control are vehicle recognition sensors, parking control facilities, and integrated operating software. Whether the vehicle is parked on the parking surface may be confirmed through sensor or intelligent camera image analysis. Parking control equipment products include parking guidance and parking available display devices, vehicle number recognition cameras, and intelligent parking assistance systems. This paper applies and implements ultrasonic sensors and RFID concepts based on Arduino, recognizes registered vehicles, and displays empty spaces. When a vehicle enters a parking space to handle this function, the automatic parking management system distinguishes the registered vehicle from the external vehicle through the RC522 sensor. In addition, after checking whether the parking slot is empty, the HC-SR204 sensor is displayed through the LED so that the driver can visually check it. RFID is designed to check the parking status of the server in real time and provide the driver with optimal route service to the parking slot.

• International Journal of Computer Science & Network Security
• /
• v.22 no.8
• /
• pp.404-412
• /
• 2022

The development in the field of the internet of things (IoT) have improved the quality of the life and also strengthened different areas in the society. All cities across the world are seeking to become smarter. The creation of a smart parking system is the essential use case in smart cities. In recent couple of years, the number of vehicles has increased significantly. As a result, it is critical to make the use of technology that enables hassle-free parking in both public and private spaces. In conventional parking systems, drivers are not able to find free parking space. Conventional systems requires more human interference in a parking lots. To manage these circumstances there is an intense need of IoT enabled parking solution that includes the well defined architecture that will contain the following components such as smart sensors, communication agreement and software solution. For implementing such a smart parking system in this paper we proposed a design of smart parking system and also compare it with convetional system. The proposed design utilizes sensors based on IoT and Data Mining techniques to handle real time management of the parking system. IoT enabled smart parking solution minimizes the human interference and also saves energy, money and time.

• Journal of the Korea Safety Management & Science
• /
• v.14 no.1
• /
• pp.65-73
• /
• 2012

We studied the risk analysis of fire and explosion caused by gas leak in underground-parking of gas vehicle. However, an entrance regulation of gas vehicles (H2/LPG/CNG etc.) to underground garages has not been enacted in Korea. Incase, a gas explodes in an underground parking garage placed in overcrowded residential area, such as an apartment, the scale of the damage would cause tremendous disaster. Faults of vehicle parts and management problems were evaluated by using the Failure mode and effect analysis (FMEA), which is a qualitative analysis method. The range of the damaged area by the explosion and the damage scale by the explosion pressure were analyzed by using the process hazard analysis software tool (PHAST). The study is expected to facilitate enactment of the regulation for the underground parking to restrict the gas vehicle.

• Journal of Multimedia Information System
• /
• v.6 no.4
• /
• pp.329-332
• /
• 2019

Recently, smart lighting systems are the combination between sensors and lights. These systems turn on/off and adjust the brightness of lights based on the motion of object and the brightness of environment. These systems are often applied in places such as buildings, rooms, garages and parking lot. However, these lighting systems are controlled by lighting sensors, motion sensors based on illumination environment and motion detection. In this paper, we propose an automatic lighting control system using one single camera for buildings, rooms and garages. The proposed system is one integration the results of digital image processing as motion detection, hand gesture detection to control and dim the lighting system. The experimental results showed that the proposed system work very well and could consider to apply for automatic lighting spaces.

• Proceedings of the Korean Society of Computer Information Conference
• /
• 2017.01a
• /
• pp.59-62
• /
• 2017

최근 서울에 자동차 보유 대수가 급증함에 따라 주거나 상가 밀집 지역에서 주차 문제는 갈수록 심화되고 있어 이에 따른 주차공간 확보 및 기존 주차 공간의 활용할 수 있는 시스템이 요구되고 있다. 따라서 본 논문에서는 공유경제 개념을 도입하여 개인이나 단체가 소유하고 있는 주차 공간을 사용하지 않는 시간대에 주차 가능 공간을 다른 사람들과 공유할 수 있는 시스템을 제안한다. 본 플랫폼은 웹, 안드로이드, 라즈베리파이, 데이터베이스로 구성되어 있으며 실제 주차장에 설치된 초음파 센서와 CCTV 이미지를 분석하는 OpenCV를 이용하여 현재 주차장의 사용 중인 공간과 비사용 중인 주차 가능 면수를 분석하고 분석한 정보를 사용자들에게 제공한다.

• International Journal of Highway Engineering
• /
• v.20 no.2
• /
• pp.97-107
• /
• 2018

PURPOSES : The effects on traffic accidents change with the changing environment. Accordingly, this study analyzes the characteristics of traffic accidents based on the personal characteristics (gender and age) of drivers, and those of 25 autonomous districts in Seoul, and suggests improvements. METHODS : Based on data pertaining to traffic accidents in Seoul, the analysis of accident characteristics was conducted by categorizing the types of traffic accidents according to the drivers' gender and age, and characteristics of 25 autonomous districts in Seoul. Further, for statistical verification, the SPSS software was used to derive influence variables through a multinomial logistic regression analysis, and a method for reducing traffic accidents was proposed. RESULTS : Analysis results show that males tend to be more involved in speed-related accidents and females in low-experience driving-related accidents such as those during parking and alleyway driving. In addition, variables such as age, automobile type, district, and day of the week are found to influence accident types. CONCLUSIONS : This study analyzed the accident characteristics based on personal and city characteristics to reflect the sociological characteristics that influence traffic accidents. The number of traffic accidents in Korea could be decreased drastically by implementing the results of this study in customized safety education and traffic maps.

• Journal of Distribution Science
• /
• v.12 no.4
• /
• pp.23-30
• /
• 2014

Purpose - The purpose of this study is to analyze the efficiency of retail businesses by dividing domestic retailers into discount stores, super supermarkets (SSMs), and department stores. It suggests retail-business investment strategies by using data environment analysis (DEA) to analyze how input elements such as store area, parking lot area, number of employees, and sales management expenses for the convenience of customers positively affect business performance measurements such as sales and visiting customers per day. Research Design, Data, and Methodology - The DEA model calculates a ratio of the weighted mean of various inputs to the weighted mean of various outputs and measures the efficiency of a specific decision making unit (DMU). The study included 19 companies (five discount store DMUs, ten SSM DMUs, and four department store DMUs). Because the business elements and sizes of retail store DMUs used in this analysis are different, average per-store input and output variables were used. Data were collected from "The Yearbook of Retail Industry in Korea (2012)." DEA analysis was used to determine differences in efficiency among discount stores, SSMs, and department stores in terms of the business elements of each retail business. It was also used to determine what business elements were excessively invested in by comparing and analyzing efficiency by business elements using SPSS software's ANOVA (Analysis of Variance). Results - The CCR and BCC efficiency analysis found that the efficiency of discount stores is low. We believe that the saturation state of discount stores is a major factor. The ANOVA analysis confirms the VRS hypothesis with a statistically significant difference among the three groups, based on an analysis confidence interval of 95%. CRS and SE were not found to be significantly different among the three groups. As for the post hoc test, which concretely shows differences by group, the Scheffe's multiple comparison analysis test found the average differences between group 1 (discount stores) and group 2 (SSM) to be statistically significant. Conclusions - The DEA efficiency analysis implies that investment in input elements, including store area, parking lot area, and sales management expenses, were excessive in the case of discount stores, while SSMs need to invest more in promotion activities such as gifts, events, and coupons for customer management. Department stores have found that small companies invest excessively in input elements. Department stores need to invest in differentiated shopping mall complexes. This study was limited in acquiring statistical data; various input variables which might have shown more secure customer management and promotional expenses could not be applied. As the study was limited in various aspects of the efficiency analyses because financial analyses of the companies and of causal relationships, including satisfaction and loyalty of visiting customers, were not done, these aspects will be examined in the next study.

• KSII Transactions on Internet and Information Systems (TIIS)
• /
• v.15 no.4
• /
• pp.1216-1231
• /
• 2021

With the increase in the population of our cities and the rapid increase in the number of private cars, urban traffic has become more and more congested. At this stage, urban public transportation has become one of the main ways to improve urban traffic congestion. Aiming at the problem of how to improve the basic capacity of buses in multi-line transfer stations, this paper conducts simulation research based on anylogic software. Through micro-simulation analysis of vehicles entering, stopping, and exiting the station, combined with the delay model theory, the vehicle is given Stop organization optimization and station layout improvement methods, so that vehicles can run in the station more stably, smoothly and safely. Case analysis shows that applying this method to the roadside parking problem, the main and auxiliary bus stations have a significant improvement in operating capacity compared with the conventional tandem double bus stations, and the service level of the main and auxiliary bus stations has been significantly improved.