• Journal of Families and Better Life
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• v.22 no.6 s.72
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• pp.63-73
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• 2004

The Purpose of this study, was to examine the effects of mothers' parental efficacy and parental practices on children's social ability. The participants included 218 five year old children (116 boys, 102 girls). This study employed the 'Parent self-agent scale (Dumka, Stoerzinger, Jackson, & Roosa, 1996), a modified version of 'child rearing practices report'(Block, 1981), and 'Preschool Sociaffective Profile' (LaFreniere, Dumas, Capuano & Dubeau, 1992). Parental efficacy and parental practices were evaluated by the mothers. The children's social ability was evaluated by both mothers and teachers.'rho main results were as follows: (1) The children's social ability was affected significantly by their gender. (2) The parental efficacy was positively correlated with authoritative parental practices. (3) Children's gender, mothers' parental efficacy, and authoritative parental practices affected children's social ability.

• Journal of the Korean Home Economics Association
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• v.39 no.1
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• pp.205-219
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• 2001

The purpose of this study was examine what extent fathers and mothers direr in their parental satisfaction and child-rearing practices, to identify the variables which were related to the parental satisfaction and child-rearing practices, and to investigate the relationships between parental satisfaction and child-rearing practices. The subjects for this study consisted of 245 fathers and 245 mothers of kindergarten children. Descriptive analysis, Cronbach's $\alpha$, t-tests, and correlations were used for data description and analysis. Results were as follows: $\circled{1}$ Paternal child-rearing practices were somewhat differed from maternal child-rearing practices, but parental satisfaction was not differed between fathers and mothers. $\circled{2}$ Factors contributed to patern satisfaction and child-rearing practices were somewhat differed from maternal satisfaction and child-rearing practices. $\circled{3}$ For both fathers and mothers, higher parental satisfaction was positively related to more reasoning guidance, affection, goal-oriented attitude, parental involvement, consistent nile-enforcement, and less authoritarian control.

• Korean Journal of Child Studies
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• v.24 no.3
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• pp.57-71
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• 2003

This study investigates the relationships between parental efficacy and parental practices among Korean immigrant parents in the US. Parental efficacy constitutes a special aspect of parental belief systems focusing on the beliefs that parents have the capabilities to manage the tasks of nurturing and socializing their children. Results showed that parental efficacy was positively related to the authoritative dimension of parental practices. However, there was no significant negative relationship between parental efficacy and the authoritarian dimension of parental practices. Interestingly, the authoritative and authoritarian dimensions of parental practices were highly correlated among Korean immigrant parents. This finding is in contrast to much of the research on Anglo American parenting that indicates that authoritarian practices are not compatible with authoritative practices. For Korean immigrant parents, authoritarian practices seem not to have detrimental connotation. Therefore, it can be assumed that Korean immigrant parents parental practices have different underlying mechanisms compared to Anglo American parents. We need to focus parenting research with a broader perspective on the sociological and historical context from which parental practices arise.

• Journal of Families and Better Life
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• v.25 no.2 s.86
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• pp.37-46
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• 2007

This study aims to explore the variable factors by which fathers affect nursing practices. for this study 544 married couples were interviewed, which resulted in the following conclusions. First, wives have higher fairness than husbands in sharing their parental roles. Second, in some couples, there was a difference seen in the expectations of each parents nursing capability, but rarely were differences in real nursing practices actually observed. Third, all couples interviewed showed some disparity between their expectations of parental nursing capability and their real nursing practices, where the expectations for nursing capability were higher than the real nursing practices. Fourth, higher expectations for nursing capabilities from fathers result in them having better parental roles. Fifth, there is no correlation between parental nursing practices and social demographic variables. Lastly, the impacts on the parental nursing practices are ranked by relative importance as parental nursing capability, the wife's expectation for parental nursing capability and so on.

• Korean Journal of Child Studies
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• v.36 no.3
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• pp.115-138
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• 2015

The main purpose of this study was to examine the relationships between childhood attachment, parental satisfaction and the parenting practices of working mothers with young children. The participants were composed of 221 working mothers with young children attending day care centers and kindergartens in Seoul and Gyeonggi Province. The subjects completed questionnaires on childhood attachment, parental satisfaction and parenting practices. The data were analyzed by means of Pearson's correlation coefficients and multiple regression analysis. It was observed that childhood attachment had an effect on parenting practices. Parental satisfaction was also found to have an effect on parenting practices. In addition, childhood attachment had an effect on parental satisfaction. It was further found that parental satisfaction mediated the relationship between childhood attachment and parenting practices very well. These results clearly indicate that parental satisfaction plays an important role in childhood attachment and parenting practices.

• Journal of Korean Public Health Nursing
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• v.27 no.2
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• pp.254-266
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• 2013

Purpose: This study examined the characteristics of in-home injuries of children in low-income families and sought to identify the factors affecting parental in-home injury prevention practices. Methods: A cross-sectional descriptive survey design was applied, using questionnaires on in-home injury characteristics in children, parental in-home injury prevention practices, parental perceptions and knowledge on childhood injuries, and the Parental Stress Index. We queried 169 parents of children less than 5years of age who were enrolled in Nutrition Plus Projects at community health centers. Results: Overall, 92.7% of children had experienced in-home injuries, with sliding crashes and bumping injuries as the most frequent type of injury. The recovery rate with a scar after injury was 26.3%. Parental practices for in-home injury prevention were higher according parental age, educational status, and previous learning experiences regarding in-home safety and injury prevention. The two most significant factors affecting parental in-home injury prevention practices were age and parental perception of childhood injuries as being controllable and preventable. Conclusions: Considering the high risk of in-home childhood injuries in low-income families, safety education and the promotion of injury prevention practices for parents are recommended. The strategy to enhance the parental perception on preventing childhood injuries needs to be addressed.

• Journal of the Korean Home Economics Association
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• v.37 no.9
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• pp.141-151
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• 1999

This study investigated the relationships between parental child-rearing practices in early childhood and the perceived self-efficacy of college students. Subjects were 322 students attending 4-year universities. The sample was 66.1% female and had a mean age of 19.9 years. Research was conducted using questionnaires and descriptive analysis, correlation analysis, t-tests were used for data description and analysis. The major findings were as follows: 1) The difference between boys and girls in terms of parental child-rearing practices perceived by children was found. Girls perceived their parents’child-rearing practices as being more positive in early childhood than those of boys. 2) The difference between male and female students in terms of the level of the self efficacy was not found. 3) The difference between paternal and maternal child-rearing practices perceived by children was found. Children perceived maternal child-rearing practices as being more positive in early childhood than paternal child-rearing practices. 4) Parental child-rearing practices in early childhood was rebated to the self-efficacy of college students. Children who perceived their parents’child-rearing practices as being more positive in early childhood had a higher level of self-efficacy. The results support the importance of parental child-rearing practices in early childhood on the developmental pathways of children.

• Journal of the Korean Home Economics Association
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• v.38 no.2
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• pp.123-138
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• 2000

The purpose of this study was to explore to what extent mothers and fathers differ in their disciplinary practices and to examine the relationships between quality of life and the parental disciplinary practices. The subjects of this study consisted of 220 parents(220 mothers and 220 fathers) of 5-6 years of children in Pusan. Descriptive analysis, correlation analysis, t-tests were used for data description and analysis. The major results were as follows: 1. There was a positive relationship between perceived quality of life by fathers and perceived quality of life by mothers. 2. There was a difference between fathers and mothers in relation to perceived quality of life. Fathers perceived their quality of life more highly than did mothers. 3. There were positive relations between parental educational level, household income and quality of life. 4. There were differences between fathers and mothers in relation to disciplinary practices. Fathers exhibited more effective disciplinary practices(including less overreactiveness and less verbosity) than did mothers. 5. There were no relations between parental educational level and disciplinary practices, but household income was only related to maternal disciplinary practices. 6. There were positive relations between quality of life and disciplinary practices. The higher parents perceived their quality of life, the more parents exhibited effective parental disciplinary practices.

• Korean Journal of Childcare and Education
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• v.15 no.6
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• pp.1-19
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• 2019

Objective: This study aims to examine the level of parental perceptions and practices on parental role responsibilities for children enrolled in preschools and to verify the differences. Methods: A total of 301 parents whose children were attending preschools participated in this study. The collected data were analyzed for frequency, factor analysis, and reliability. In addition, the t-test and the Importance-Performance Analysis (IPA) were performed. Results: First, there are relatively high levels of perception and practices of parental role responsibilities. Second, parental perception of parental role responsibilities is higher than the level of actual performance. Third, although parents were highly aware of their role responsibilities, there is a great expectation of the role of preschools for the development of the social competence of children. Fourth, parents value the level of practice of role responsibilities in preschools relatively high. Conclusion/Implications: Support systems are needed to reduce the gap between parental perception and practice of their role responsibilities for children enrolled in preschools.

• Journal of the Korean Home Economics Association
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• v.38 no.7
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• pp.39-52
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• 2000

This study investigated whether parental disciplinary practices mediated the status of peer acceptance. From a sample of 420 kindergarteners, twenty were classified as popular children and twenty were classified as rejected children using sociometric assessment and their parents(40 mothers and 40 fathers) were responded to a parental behavior questionnaire Results were as follows: 1. Compared to rejected children, popular children had fathers who participated more actively in child-rearing practices and mothers who were less overprotective in child-rearing practices. 2. Popular children had fathers who were more affectionate and more actively participated in child-rearing practices than mothers were, whereas rejected children had fathers who were more overprotective than mothers were. 3. Reasonable guidance made by parents was uniquely predictive of peer popularity, whereas parental overprotection was the best predictor for peer rejection.