• Journal of the Korea Institute of Building Construction
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• v.14 no.3
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• pp.266-272
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• 2014

The Leadership in Energy and Environmental Design (LEED) Green Building Rating System provides third-party verification for environmentally sustainable construction. But while LEED-certified buildings provide healthier work and living environments, Previous studies have shown that LEED certification does not provide any direct economic incentives to owners and developers. To address this issue, this study aims to investigate the economic benefits of LEED criteria. The objective of this study is to examine whether or not there is a significant correlation between median household income and the number of bus stops and light rail stations for a given parcel that meet LEED sustainable site criteria for public transportation access. The findings showed that the number of bus stops had a positive correlation with median household income, which means that more bus stops a given parcel had that met LEED criteria, the greater the median household income of a block group where the given parcel was located would be, though this positive correlation was very weak.

• Journal of Environmental Science International
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• v.21 no.3
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• pp.327-337
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• 2012

Air pollution inventories are aggregated around south-eastern part of the Korean Peninsular including Busan, Ulsan, and Changwon cities. Because densely populated cities are concentrated in this region, air pollutants emitted from one of these cities tend to be impacted on the air quality of other cities. In order to clarify the seasonal movement pattern of emitted particles, several numerical simulations using WRF/FLEXPART were carried out. Four cases were selected for each season. The Weather Research and Forecasting model (WRF) reproduced atmospheric flow fields with nested grids. The seasonal pattern of air mass of study area was determined by backward and forward trajectories. As a result, the air parcel moves from northwest to southeast due to northwesterly winds in spring and winter. Also air parcel transports from south to north in summer, and moves from west to east. Because the air mass moves differently in each season, these characteristics should be considered when performing air quality analysis.

• Journal of Korean Society of Industrial and Systems Engineering
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• v.43 no.4
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• pp.76-83
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• 2020

Postal logistics organizations are characterized as having high labor intensity and short response times. These characteristics, along with rapid change in mail volume, make load scheduling a fundamental concern. Load analysis of major postal infrastructures such as post offices, sorting centers, exchange centers, and delivery stations is required for optimal postal logistics operation. In particular, the performance of mail traffic forecasting is essential for optimizing the resource operation by accurate load analysis. This paper addresses a traffic forecast problem of postal parcel that arises at delivery stations of Korea Post. The main purpose of this paper is to describe a method for predicting short-term traffic of postal parcel based on self-similarity analysis and to introduce an application of the traffic prediction model to postal logistics system. The proposed scheme develops multiple regression models by the clusters resulted from feature engineering and individual models for delivery stations to reinforce prediction accuracy. The experiment with data supplied by main postal delivery stations shows the advantage in terms of prediction performance. Comparing with other technique, experimental results show that the proposed method improves the accuracy up to 45.8%.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Systems Engineering
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• v.17 no.2
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• pp.122-128
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• 2021

Despite various economic crises, the domestic parcel delivery market handled 3.37 billion parcels in 2020 while maintaining annual growth due to the activation of e-commerce. In particular, in the case of the metropolitan area, which accounts for about 70% of the nation's parcel throughput, the increase in parcel delivery volume is directly related to the increase in freight vehicles in central area of Seoul,. And it leads to an increase of unnecessary social and environmental costs such as traffic congestion, road damage, and environmental pollution in the city. Therefore, in this paper we proposed the underground urban logistics system utilizing the existing urban rail infrastructure, and establish a conceptual design by operational scenario. In order to establish conceptual design of underground urban logistics system, we use order picking system process, which is use in warehouse, produce result combined ISO/IEC 26702. The results of this study can be usefully used before the underground urban logistics system is introduced.

• KOREAN JOURNAL OF PACKAGING SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY
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• v.28 no.2
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• pp.127-132
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• 2022

The growth of e-commerce market requires more delivery packagings, which protect goods from the damage factors on the delivery. In this study, we have analyzed the distribution environment data (vibration and impact) measured in previous study and compared with global standards (ISTA, ASTM), so that we developed the testing method for Field-to-Lab simulation suitable to the domestic delivery. In order to verify the efficacy of this method, we took the Field-to-Lab tests for 3 packaged products (detergents set, glass tableware set, small furniture), which has been frequent breakages or damages on the actual delivery by e-commerce order, so that we could find out the test results were similar to those of the actual delivery occasions. In addition, we could perform redesign and improvement of the parcel delivery packagings for safe transportation by taking this Field-to-Lab test repeatedly. This test methods was finally proposed to be Korean industrial standard (KS), and is expected to be useful as a designing tool for the packaging optimization between protecting goods and reducing packaging waste.

• Journal of Convergence for Information Technology
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• v.10 no.2
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• pp.39-48
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• 2020

Many studies have been conducted to analyze factors that affect customer satisfaction, and service quality improvement in the parcel delivery industry. Most of these studies have a limited number of respondents using methods such as surveys and interviews. Therefore, this study aims to supplement the shortcomings of previous studies, by searching and analyzing the common major topics related to the complaints pointed out by consumers and suppliers in the parcel delivery service with cases of consumer counseling, and articles that reflect the complaints of workers in the industry. In addition, by analyzing the trend of these topics, we attempted to discover new topics and suggest implications. In conclusion, topics such as delay/lost/wrong deliveries as well as the fierce competition in the parcel delivery industry, turned out to be central aspects. As a result of the topic trend analysis, talks with international couriers have recently increased, and many conflicts related to apartment parcel delivery have been dealt with. The topics presented in this study are mainly focused on the contents of previous studies, but we expect that new and valuable topics can be derived by adding other data and analysis methods, such as internal counseling and academic literature.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Surveying, Geodesy, Photogrammetry and Cartography
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• v.36 no.4
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• pp.223-233
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• 2018

In this study was classified the cadastral control points and parcel boundary points into 40m, 100m by flight altitude of UAV (Unmanned Aerial Vehicle) which compared the coordinates extracted from the orthophoto with the parcel boundary point coordinates by GNSS (Global Navigation Satellite System) ground survey. As a results of this study, first, in the spatial resolution analysis that the average error of the orthoimage by flight altitude were 0.024m at 40m, and 0.034m at 100m which were higher 40m than 100m for spatial resolution of orthophotos and position accuracy. Second, in order to analyze the accuracy of image recognition by airmark of flight altitude that was divided into three cases of nothing, green, and red of RMSE (Root Mean Square Error) were X=0.039m, Y=0.019m and Z=0.055m, the highest accuracy. Third, the result of the comparison between orthophotos and field survey results that showed the total RMSE error of the cadastral control points were X=0.029m, Y=0.028m, H=0.051m, and the parcel boundary points were X=0.041m, Y=0.030m. In conclusion, based on the results of this study, it is expected that if the average error of flight altitude is limited to less than 0.05m in the legal regulations related to orthophotos for cadastral surveying, it will be an economical and efficient method for cadastral survey as well as spatial information acquisition.

• Journal of the Korean Professional Engineers Association
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• v.31 no.3
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• pp.75-80
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• 1998

• Proceedings of the Korean Association of Geographic Inforamtion Studies Conference
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• 1995.12a
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• pp.33-42
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• 1995

• Proceedings of the Korea Institute of Fire Science and Engineering Conference
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• 2008.11a
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• pp.363-370
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• 2008

The present study has been performed to investigate the effect of statistical number of droplets on the simulation of the sprinkler spray using fire field model. In order to simulate the sprinkler spray characteristics, the present study uses NIST Fire Dynamics Simulator version 5.2. A group of Lagrangian particle with similar droplet characteristics, such as diameter, velocity, temperature and so on, is represented by parcel concept to decrease the total number of droplets tracked in the simulation. The present study introduces a new parameter to represent the ratio between real number of droplets and computational parcels. The dependency of the number of parcels on the fire suppression characteristics and spray patterns is quantitatively examined for different ratio between the real number of droplets and computational parcels.