• 보존과학회지
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• 제33권2호
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• pp.61-73
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• 2017

경산 임당 유적에서 출토된 61점의 칠기유물에 대해 현미경관찰 및 FT-IR, SEM-EDX를 이용하여 당시 옻칠기법을 확인하고자 하였다. 칠기유물의 하지에는 메움제로서 토분, 그을음, 목탄 등이 이용되었으며, 붉은 칠에는 산화철(석간주)이 사용되었다. 하지층은 구성방법에 따라 5가지 방법으로 구분되었으며, 중간층과 상층은 구성방법에 따라 8가지 방법으로 구분되어, 총 17가지의 칠기법이 확인되었다. 다른 유적의 칠기법과 비교한 결과, 하지층은 동시대의 다른 유적의 칠기법과 동일한 방법이었으나, 경상 지역에서 산화철이 붉은색 안료로 주로 사용된 것을 확인 할 수 있었다.

• 한국정보과학회논문지:컴퓨팅의 실제 및 레터
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• 제16권2호
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• pp.237-241
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• 2010

최근 서버시스템 에너지 절감이 중요하게 대두되고 있다. 서버시스템에서 스토리지는 에너지 사용량이 매우 큰 서브시스템이지만, RAID와 같은 스트라이핑 기법과 하드디스크의 물리적 특성 때문에 실용적인 에너지 절감기법 개발에 어려움이 따른다. 본 연구팀의 관찰에 따르면 데이터 센터에서 전체 데이터 셋의 크기에 비해 하루 또는 몇 시간과 같이 짧은 기간의 풋프린트는 매우 작다. 본 논문은 이러한 관찰에 기반하여 SSD를 그러한 풋프린트를 감당하기 위한 커다란 캐시로 활용하여 에너지를 절약하는 새로운 아키텍처와 기법을 제안한다. 제안된 기법을 Linux 환경에서 네 개의 하드디스크와 한 개의 SSD로 구성된 RAID5에 구현하고 전력 사용량 측정 장치를 이용해 실제 전력 소모량을 측정한 결과 널리 사용되는 서버 트레이스에서 최대 14%의 저장장치 에너지 절감 효과를 얻었다.

• Journal of the Korean Wood Science and Technology
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• 제42권4호
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• pp.393-406
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• 2014

방염제 도포 후 나타나는 목조건축물의 문제점을 파악하기 위해 통계자료 분석 및 현장조사를 수행하였다. 방염제 도포 후 백화현상과 단청 박락현상이 목조건축물에서 가장 빈번히 나타났다. 이러한 문제점은 기둥, 연목, 가구부재 등 방염제의 도포가 상대적으로 많이 이루어지는 건축물의 상부에서 가장 높게 나타났다. 현장에서 방염제를 도포한 건물과 도포하지 않은 건물을 파악하기 위해 P-XRF를 이용하여 총 20개 종의 원소를 분석하였다. 이 중 현장의 모든 방염제 처리구에서 황 원소(S)가 나타났기 때문에 이를 방염제 도포의 탐지자로 설정하였다. 이를 통해 현장에서 방염제의 도포를 확인할 수 있는 비파괴분석을 방법을 정립할 수 있었다. 실제 송광사(전남 순천)의 목조건축물을 대상으로 한 잔류성분분석을 통해 실제 현장적용이 가능함을 확인하였다.

• 한국환경복원기술학회지
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• 제2권4호
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• pp.35-46
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• 1999

For the purpose of building up the future direction for the development and usage of Anmyundo, this paper is intended to collect the basic sources of Anmyundo and to analyze the consciousness of its development direction, which was surveyed on local residents and visitors. The result shows that local residents are not fully satisfied with its environment(59.6 point), but natural environment(74.2 point) turns out the most influential factor of satisfaction and living environment(66.0 point), social economic environment(48.1 point) follow the next. Satisfied with its natural environment which includes good scenery and a lot of environment resources, residents and visitors are discontented with living environment and social economic environment. In terms of "development" and "conservation", the responses of residents are clearly divided into both sides in the same level by each 27.7%. On the other hand, visitors support "conservation"(36.8%) rather than "development"(22.8%) and prefer to keep its present natural environment as a environment study place and rest area.

• 대한원격탐사학회:학술대회논문집
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• 대한원격탐사학회 2007년도 Proceedings of ISRS 2007
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• pp.426-429
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• 2007

One of the widely used applications of remote sensing studies is environmental change detection and biodiversity conservation. The study area Hustai Mountain is situated in the transition zone between the Siberian taiga forest and Central Mongolian arid steppe. Hustai National Park carries out one of several reintroduction programs of takhi (wild horse or Equus ferus przewalskii) from various zoos in the world and it represents one of a few textbook examples of successful reintroduction of an animal extinct in the wild. In this paper we describe the results of an analysis on the change of remaining forest area over the 7-year period since Hustai Mountain was designated as a protected area for reintroduction to wild horses. Today the forested area covers approximately 5% of the Hustai National Park, mostly the north-facing slopes above 1400 m altitude. Birch (Betula platyphylla) and aspen (Populus tremula) trees are predominant in the forest. We used Landsat ETM+ images from two different years and multi temporal MODIS NDVI data. Land types were determined by supervised classification methods (Maximum Likelihood algorithm) verified with ground-truthing data and the Land Change Modeler (LCM) which was developed by Clark Labs. Forested area was classified into three different land types, namely the forest land, mountain meadow and mountain steppe. The study results illustrate that the remaining birch forest has rapidly changed to fragmented forest land and to open areas. Underlying causes for such a rapid change during the 15-year period may be manifold. However, the responsible factors appear to be the drying off and outbreak of forest pest species (such as gypsy moth or Lymantria dispar) in the area.

• 보존과학회지
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• 제26권2호
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• pp.133-142
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• 2010

태안 마도 출토 도자기를 대상으로 도자기 탈염에 일반적으로 사용되는 물 세척법에 추가조건(탈염수 양, 교반 및 온도)을 적용하여 탈염효율을 비교 연구하였다. 탈염수 양에 따른 효율실험결과 질량비 20배가 질량비 10배보다 효율은 높았지만, 그 정도가 2배에 미치지 못하여 경제적 측면에서 질량비 10배가 보다 효율적이었다. 또한 탈염처리 중 교반 및 가온에 따라 20~30%의 효율증대는 확인되었지만, 추가기법적용을 위한 에너지사용과 물리화학적 충격에 의한 유물손상의 위해성을 종합적으로 고려한다면 교반 및 가온에 따른 효율증대는 크지 않은 것으로 판단된다.

• KSII Transactions on Internet and Information Systems (TIIS)
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• 제10권2호
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• pp.504-521
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• 2016

Recently, energy harvesting technology has been integrated into wireless sensor networks to ameliorate the nodes' energy limitation problem. In theory, the wireless sensor node equipped with an energy harvesting module can work permanently until hardware failures happen. However, due to the change of power supply, the traditional hierarchical network routing protocol can not be effectively adopted in energy harvesting wireless sensor networks. In this paper, we improve the Low-Energy Adaptive Clustering Hierarchy (LEACH) protocol to make it suitable for the energy harvesting wireless sensor networks. Specifically, the cluster heads are selected according to the estimation of nodes' harvested energy and consumed energy. Preference is given to the nodes with high harvested energy while taking the energy consumption rate into account. The utilization of harvested energy is mathematically formulated as a max-min optimization problem which maximizes the minimum energy conservation of each node. We have proved that maximizing the minimum energy conservation is an NP-hard problem theoretically. Thus, a polynomial time algorithm has been proposed to derive the near-optimal performance. Extensive simulation results show that our proposed routing scheme outperforms previous works in terms of energy conservation and balanced distribution.

• 한국재료학회지
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• 제30권9호
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• pp.453-457
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• 2020

Tomb No. 1 (Donghachong) of the Buyeo Neungsan-ri Tomb complex (listed as UNESCO World Heritage Site), is a royal tomb of the Baekje Sabi Period. One wooden coffin unearthed there is an important relic of the funerary culture of the Baekje. This study examines the production techniques of gilt-bronze objects attached to the wooden coffin excavated from Donghachong. The base metal of the gilt-bronze object is pure copper, with single α phase crystals in a heterogeneous form containing annealing twins; Au and Hg are detected in the gilt layer. We suggest that the surface of the forging copperplate is gilded using a mercury amalgam technique; it is thought that the annealing twins of the base material formed during the heat treatment process for the sheet metal. The gilt layer is three to five times thicker for the gilt-bronze objects found near the foot of the coffin than those near the head. We estimate the plating process is carried out at least three times because three layers are identified on the plate near the head. Therefore, it is likely that the materials and methods used to construct the gilt-bronze objects found in different parts of the coffin are the same, but the number of platings is different. This research confirms the metal crafting techniques used in Baekje by the examination of production techniques of these gilt-bronze objects. Further, our paper presents an important example of restoration and reconstruction for a museum exhibition, through effective use of scientific analysis and investigation.

• 보존과학회지
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• 제28권4호
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• pp.411-416
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• 2012

이 연구의 목적은 백제 풍납토성 화재주거지(라-8호)에서 출토된 탄화목의 방사성탄소연대 분석을 통하여 풍납토성의 축조연대를 규명하는 것이다. 탄화목에서 10년 간격으로 채취된 6개의 연륜에 대한 방사성탄소연대를 위글 매치한 결과, 최외각 연륜의 ${\pm}2{\sigma}$ 연대(95.4% 신뢰구간)가 A.D. 190~280년으로 산출되어 이 주거지가 3세기 초중반에 형성된 것을 알 수 있었다. 이 연대는 주거지형태와 토기양식으로 추론된 고고학적 편년과 일치되는 결과이다.

• 보존과학회지
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• 제37권4호
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• pp.322-339
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• 2021

This paper focuses on the dating and provenance of two paintings, Climbing the hill and View from St. John's Fort by the prominent Singaporean artist Liu Kang (1911-2004). Climbing the hill, from the National Gallery Singapore collection, was believed to have been created in 1937, based on the date painted by the artist. However, a non-invasive examination unveiled evidence of an underlying paint scheme and a mysterious date, 1948 or 1949. These findings prompted a comprehensive technical study of the artwork in conjunction with comparative analyses of View from St. John's Fort (1948), from the Liu family collection. The latter artwork is considered to be depicting the same subject matter. The investigation was carried out with UVF, NIR, IRFC, XRR, digital microscopy, PLM and SEM-EDS to elucidate the materials and technique of both artworks and find characteristic patterns that could indicate a relationship between both paintings and assist in correctly dating Climbing the hill. The technical analyses were supplemented with the historical information derived from the Liu family archives. The results showed that Climbing the hill was created in 1948 or 1949 on top of an earlier composition painted in Shanghai between 1933 and 1937. As for the companion View from St. John's Fort from 1948, the artist reused an earlier painting created in France in 1931. The analytical methods suggested that Liu Kang used almost identical pigment mixtures for creating new artworks. However, their painting technique demonstrates some differences. Overall, this study contributes to the understanding of Liu Kang's painting materials and his working practice.