• Journal of Conservation Science
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• v.25 no.2
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• pp.171-178
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• 2009

When we considered the superior ability of the semi-water soluble urethane 1st transcription and final epoxy products, the stability for moving historic sites depend on physical properties and the peel off state of separation media. In this paper, we synthesised three type of water-borne epoxy solution without using a surfactant, and investigated the peel off state, physical properties, and the state between urethane surface and epoxy surface after exfoliation. The life time of water-borne separation media is over the 60 days. When it is used the 30% solution of water-borne separation media, it made good separation of urethane pre-products surface and epoxy final product surface and no color change. The separation tension pressure is about 15~50 kg/$cm^2$ and there is no surface whitewash phenomenon. We suggest that this water-borne epoxy will be best material as separation media of low viscosity type.

• Journal of Conservation Science
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• v.10 no.1 s.13
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• pp.10-20
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• 2001

Since the feasibility for the application of laser to the conservation of artworks had been demonstrated by John F. Asmus at 1972 it was known from many experiments that laser cleaning technology Provided superior characteristics over conventional cleaning methods based on mechanical and chemical actions. Then, the research and development of the cleaning technology was carried out strongly in Europe and many successful cleaning applications such as stone, painting, stained glass, paper, leather, and metal have been reported. However this is not familiar as a cleaning tool in the restoration of artworks in oriental countries including Korea. Therefore, this article aims to introduce a laser cleaning technology and its characteristics for the applications to art restoration. The contents in this article include general principles and characteristics of laser, the introduction of laser cleaning technology, and real laser applications for artwork restoration.

• 보존과학연구
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• s.36
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• pp.4-10
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• 2015

This paper confirms characteristics of lead isotopes of bronze artifacts excavated from Korea peninsula using 673 data classified according to Age, type and region. Lead isotopes data in Early iron ages are distributed in the southern Korean peninsula, but data in Joseon ages are concentrated in zone 3. Also Bronze artifacts excavated from Seoul, Gyeonggi, Chungcheong, Jeolla and Gyeonsang are manufactured using raw materials of the entire Korea peninsula, but bronzes excavated from North Korea aren't produced using raw materials of Gyeonsang provinces. Lead isotopes data will be able to find moving routes of raw materials and to separate the period of mixing and recycling of lead.

• Journal of Fisheries and Marine Sciences Education
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• v.19 no.1
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• pp.53-73
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• 2007

There exists historically intimate relationship between the fisheries of the three countries of Northeast Asia in terms of the same fishing ground and similar resources. This means that if one of the countries fail to manage their fisheries properly, it will harm the others. Especially, if the EEZ straddling and Trans-Boundary Fish Stocks aren't managed by the cooperation of the three countries, the exhaustion of resources will be more likely to be accelerated. Considering the aspects mentioned, this paper refers to the necessity of fisheries cooperation between Korea, China, and Japan. Next, it analyzed the joint control cases of Norway/Russia Management of Shared Fish Stocks in the Barents Sea, Management of South Tasman Rise in Orange roughy, Agreement on Fisheries between the European Economic Community and the Kingdom of Norway, Conservation and management of pollack resources in the central Bering Sea, and drew a conclusion for ourselves. Last of all, it suggests a step-by-step strategy of promoting joint control between three countries, and the plan of the establishing and managing the organization of joint fisheries control. About the joint control, "The Joint Statement of promoting collaboration between Korea, China, and Japan" has been announced at ASEAN in October 7th, 2003 and the summit talk of the three countries. In the joint statement, the three countries came to an agreement which says, "Cooperation in Fishery Resource Conservation : The three countries will cooperate, bilaterally or trilaterally, to promote the sustainable use and conservation of fishery resource through the effective fishery management". Not only the consistent collaboration between the government is necessary, but also continuous exchange and related study on a Non-governmental level is also needed for the viable outcome in the near future. When deducting the result for the joint fisheries control, this writer hopes the contents of this study will be helpful.

• Conservation Science in Museum
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• v.18
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• pp.65-76
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• 2017

Following advances in technology and with the growing need for renewable energy, fluorescent and halogen lamps are being replaced by LED lighting in museum systems. This paper researched the setting of standards for the diverse lighting systems in addition to the LED lighting that are expected to be introduced in museums in the future. Contrary to previous belief, LEDs were shown to only barely emit in the ultraviolet region, but the visible rays were confirmed to produce discoloration depending on illuminance-hours. When the color change by LED lamps at the color temperature of 2800K, or warm white, was compared with 5500K, or white, the emission spectrum analysis confirmed that the blue spike increased at a higher color temperature and caused more discoloration. This suggests that in addition to illumination, color temperature should be considered by including the emission spectrum when museums set lighting environment standards.

• Conservation Science in Museum
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• v.14
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• pp.61-67
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• 2013

Lacquerware of Goryeo period was variously developed from the early 10th century to the 14th century and became lacquerware inlaid with mother-of-pearl which shows creativity with splendid heyday. For characteristics, splendid and close mother-of-pearl. Characteristic of decoration method is to use gold painting method, Tortoise shell and metal line. Drawing is done with gold dust and gold painting method decorating lacquerware are very splendid from an artistic and decorative aspect, but gold painting is easily lost. So, it's currently difficult to find in relics succeeded. Therefore, there are domestically insufficient studies on gold painting method in Goryeo period, so this researcher intended to observe gold painting of lacquerware excavated in Goryeo period through the microscope, investigate characteristics, mixture, etc. of gold dust and provide data of studies on the recovery of ancient technology. As the result, gold dust particle has various shapes such as irregular square, polygon and triangle under the size from 2 ㎛ to 20 ㎛. The end of gold dust is rolled and overlapped and irregular particle seems to be similar to the shape of crumpled paper. This research showed that gold dust used in gold painting of Goryeo period had used gold dust made by grinding gold leaf to gold painting.

• Journal of the Korean Wood Science and Technology
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• v.51 no.4
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• pp.295-308
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• 2023

This study applied a real-time IoT (Internet of Things) environmental monitoring system to wooden cultural heritages (WCHs) located in suburbs and forests in Korea. It automated the graphs of seasonal Temperature (T) and relative humidity (RH) changes inside the heritage structures and seasonal Performance Index (PI) values. While utilizing line graphs of the existing T and RH change trends and a bar graph expressing the PI values, this study examined the current status of the conservation environment inside the WCHs throughout the year and its diagnosis. Consequently, at higher latitudes, the organic cultural heritage repeatedly experienced large T fluctuations, and the risk of physical and chemical degradation of the materials was greater. However, the RH showed significant seasonal differences, even within the same latitude, indicating that the impact of latitude was not significant. Therefore, the staff in charge must manage RH by considering the surrounding environmental conditions and adjusting the internal environment of the structures. The PI values for the year-round T and RH inside the heritages were confirmed to only be a maximum of approximately 60% of the environmental suitability for conservation throughout the year, depending on the season. The relationship between the germination and growth potential period of xerophilic fungi and the monthly internal temperature and humidity in five heritages located at different latitudes was analyzed. As a result, we could thus determine that four particular months of the year (June-September) represent the periods with the highest risk of damage from xerophilic fungi in the country, regardless of latitude.

• Proceedings of the Korea Technical Association of the Pulp and Paper Industry Conference
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• 2009.04a
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• pp.283-288
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• 2009

• Proceedings of the Korea Technical Association of the Pulp and Paper Industry Conference
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• 2009.04a
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• pp.161-167
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• 2009

• Journal of Conservation Science
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• v.32 no.2
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• pp.249-259
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• 2016

Effect of the flame retardants on Dancheong is studied in the present work. Two kinds of flame retardants were applied on Dancheong specimens and compared with control groups on which distilled water was applied instead of the flame retardants. The flame retardants enhanced the hygroscopic property of the surface of Dancheong. Furthermore, the added flame retardants reacted with oyster shell white($CaCO_3$) and lead red($Pb_3O_4$), producing new chemical compounds like Calcium phosphate tribasic and Lead Phosphates which make the painted layer of Dancheong dissolving and whitening over certain period of time. When applied in excessive amount and exposed in repetitive wet and dry condition, especially, they aggravate the surface problems significantly. These results will provide a good reference on the study of the discoloring/whitening effect of Dancheong layers at many traditional wooden building in Korea.