• Journal of Korean Neurosurgical Society
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• 제65권6호
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• pp.801-815
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• 2022

Objective : To evaluate the stent apposition of a low-profile visualized intraluminal support (LVIS) device in distal internal carotid artery (ICA) aneurysms, examine its correlation with clinical and angiographic outcomes, and determine the predictive factors of ischemic adverse events (IAEs) related to stent-assisted coiling. Methods : We retrospectively analyzed a prospectively maintained database of 183 patients between January 2017 and February 2020. The carotid siphon from the cavernous ICA to the ICA terminus was divided into posterior, anterior, and superior bends. The anterior bends were categorized into angled (V) and non-angled (C, U, and S) types depending on the morphology and measured angles. Complete stent apposition (CSA) and incomplete stent apposition (ISA) were evaluated using unsubtracted angiography and flat-panel detector computed tomography. Dual antiplatelet therapy with aspirin 200 mg and clopidogrel 75 mg was administered. Clopidogrel resistance was defined as fewer responders (≥10%, <40%) and non-responders (<10%) based on the percent inhibition (%INH) of the VerifyNow system. These were counteracted by a dose escalation to 150 mg for fewer responders or substitution with cilostazol 200 mg for non-responders. IAEs included intraoperative in-stent thrombosis, transient ischemic attack, cerebral infarction, and delayed in-stent stenosis. A multivariate logistic regression analysis was used to determine the predictive factors for ISA and IAEs. Results : There were 33 ISAs (18.0%) and 27 IAEs (14.8%). The anterior bend angle was narrower in ISA (-4.16°±25.18°) than in CSA (23.52°±23.13°) (p<0.001). The V- and S-types were independently correlated with the ISA (p<0.001). However, treatment outcomes, including IAEs (15.3% vs. 12.1%), aneurysmal complete occlusion (91.3% vs. 88.6%), and recanalization (none of them), did not differ between CSA and ISA (p>0.05). The %INH of 27 IAEs (13.78%±14.78%) was significantly lower than that of 156 non-IAEs (26.82%±20.23%) (p<0.001). Non-responders to clopidogrel were the only significant predictive factor for IAEs (p=0.001). Conclusion : The angled and tortuous anatomical peculiarity of the carotid siphon caused ISA of the LVIS device; however, it did not affect clinical and angiographic outcomes, while the non-responders to clopidogrel affected the IAEs related to stent-assisted coiling.

• 대한조선학회논문집
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• 제59권4호
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• pp.207-213
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• 2022

LNG CCS which is a special type of cargo hold operated at -163℃ for transporting liquefied LNG is composed of a primary barrier, plywood, insulation panel, secondary barrier, and mastic. Currently, glass fiber is used to reinforce polyurethane foam. In this paper, we evaluated the possibility of replacing glass fiber-reinforced polyurethane foam with basalt fiber-reinforced polyurethane foam. We conducted a thermal conductivity test to confirm thermal performance at room temperature. To evaluate the mechanical properties between basalt and glass-fiber-reinforced polyurethane foam which is fiber content of 5 wt% and 10 wt%, tensile and an impact test was performed repeatedly. All of the tests were performed at room temperature and cryogenic temperature(-163℃) in consideration of the temperature gradient in the LNG CCS. As a result of the thermal conductivity test, the insulating performance of glass fiber reinforced polyurethane foam and basalt fiber reinforced polyurethane foam presented similar results. The tensile test results represent that the strength of basalt fiber-reinforced polyurethane foam is superior to glass fiber at room temperature, and there is a clear difference. However, the strength is similar to each other at cryogenic temperatures. In the impact test, the strength of PUR-B5 is the highest, but in common, the strength decreases as the weight ratio of the two fibers increases. In conclusion, basalt fiber-reinforced polyurethane foam has sufficient potential to replace glass fiber-reinforced polyurethane foam.

• 감성과학
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• 제25권1호
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• pp.103-114
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• 2022

최근 전 세계적으로 VR·AR 시장이 지속적으로 성장하고 있는 추세로 국내외 기업들이 VR·AR 관련 기술 및 콘텐츠 개발에 적극적으로 나서고 있는 상황이다. 그러나 VR·AR 기술에 전통적인 교육 방식이 결합된 산업인 에듀테크 분야에 있어서는 새로운 혁신적 교육 모형 및 비즈니스 모델에 대한 연구가 부족한 편으로 에듀테크를 구체적으로 실현할 수 있는 기술과 사업 환경 개선을 위한 연구가 필요한 실정이다. 이에 본 연구는 기존에 널리 활용되어 온 터치 패널 기반 디스플레이툰 콘텐츠와 VR툰 콘텐츠의 사용자 경험을 비교 분석해 VR툰 개발에 필요한 사용성 요소들을 선정하는 것을 연구 목적으로 삼았다. 연구 수행을 위해 태블릿 PC툰 및 VR툰을 분석 도구로 선정했으며, 10대부터 40대까지의 30명(남자 19명, 여자 11명)의 실험 참가자들을 대상으로 기기를 사용하게 한 후 설문을 진행했다. 설문은 AttrakDiff 평가 방법을 통한 정량적 방법과 9가지 항목(만족도, 신규성, 조작성, 창의성, 이해성, 교육성, 흥미성, 참여성, 표현력)에 따른 정성적 평가방법으로 구성되었으며, 결과를 토대로 두 기기의 사용성을 비교했다. 그 결과 VR툰은 실용성은 떨어지나 자극성은 상대적으로 높은 기기인 반면 태블릿 PC툰은 자극성은 떨어지나 실용성은 상대적으로 높은 기기인 것으로 평가되었으며 전반적으로 태블릿 PC툰에 비해 VR툰에 대한 만족도가 컸다.

• 항공우주의학회지
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• 제31권3호
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• pp.77-81
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• 2021

Purpose: The United States of America have pre-migration screening program are mandated through legislation. The one of purpose of this program is to prevent the importation of certain communicable diseases. Examinations of migration applicants are performed by panel physicians who are licensed physicians in the countries of origin that have agreements with the government departments of the country of destination to undertake this activity. In recent decades, the number of US migrants has increased, however COVID-19 impacted this trend of international migrants. The Aim of this study is to examine trends of US applicants and outcomes of tuberculosis and sexual transmitted infections (STIs) screening in South Korean applicants for US visa. Methods: A total of 4,442 applicants participated in US visa health check-up in 2016 to 2020. Results: The numbers of applicant for US visa in males and females was 1,814 and 2,628. The positive results in tuberculosis and STIs screening was noted with 0.66% in nontuberculous mycobacteria (NTM), 0.03% in tuberculosis, 0.03% in gonorrhea, 0.08% in syphilis, and 0.74% in chlamydia. The age groups of 2 to 14 years showed higher positive rate (13.89%) in tuberculin skin test (TST) tests compared to the rate of interferon gamma release assay (IGRA) tests (0.44%, P<0.001). The positive ratio of NTM and abnormal chest X-ray (CXR) which required sputum tests among the applicants over 15 years old has trends to increase with age. The age groups of over 70 years showed high positive rate in NTM and abnormal CXR (4.10%, 20.51%). However, ages 15 to 49 years groups showed 0.00% to 0.30% in NTM and 1.08% to 3.91% in abnormal CXR. In the study population, the positive rates of STIs were 0.03%, 0.08%, and 0.74% in gonorrhea, syphilis, and chlamydia, respectively. Among the participants who underwent sputum smears and cultures were just 1 case of active tuberculosis (0.03%) and 25 cases of NTM infection (0.66%). Conclusion: This study found that rate of positivity in tuberculosis and STIs screening among South Korean applicants for US visa in 2016 to 2020. Regarding tuberculosis, the positivity of CXR among the aged 15 to 59 years applicants was lower than that among over 60 years old. Among 2 to 14 years, positivity of IGRA was very low. And IGRA test can reduce effort of further evaluation compared to TST test in South Korea, so IGRA test among young adults can be useful. High positive rates in STI among young adult could result in high active sexuality, especially chlamydia infection is most common. Therefore Chlamydia polymerase chain reaction should be considered formal protocol among the Korean applicant for US visa.

• 한국건축시공학회지
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• 제23권3호
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• pp.295-303
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• 2023

최근 지진 발생의 빈도가 점진적으로 높아지고 있고 기초가 놓이는 지반의 특성 및 지층별 특성에 따른 지진 토압 연구결과가 활발해짐에 따라 지하구조물의 안전성 확보를 위한 내진설계가 의무화 되었다. 특히 초고층 건축물에서는 지상 구조물에 작용하는 횡력이 상대적으로 크므로 지하외벽의 역할이 기존의 토압에 대한 면외저항 외에도 지진하중, 지진토압, 정적토압에 의한 면내 방향의 전단벽 역할이 필수적이다. 슬러리월 공법은 벽체의 강성이 높아 다른 공법에 비해 안전하고 차수성이 우수하며 소음과 진동이 작기 때문에 도심지 대규모 초고층 현장 흙막이 공사에 자주 사용되고 있다. 하지만 슬러리월은 각기 패널로 분리되어 있어 면내 방향에 대해서는 벽체의 일체성이 확보되지 않는 구조형식이다. 그러한 기존의 슬러리월 공법을 이용하여 개개 패널로 전단력에 저항하면 슬러리월 단면이 지나치게 커지게 된다. 따라서 슬러리월 패널 간 일체성을 확보할 수 있는 전단보강 방법이 필요하며 이에 1차 패널과 2차 패널로 형성되는 슬러리월 시공절차를 고려하여 일부가 개방된 강재각관과 확대머리 철근으로 구성된 기계적 이음 방법을 개발하였다. 본 연구에서는 개발된 이음방법의 각 부위가 설계한 내력을 효과적으로 발휘할 수 있는지 그 타당성 및 시공성을 검증하기 위하여 현장 목업 실험을 실시하고 기존 유사공법들이 가지고 있는 단점을 얼마나 보완하며, 어떤 강점을 가지고 있는지도 또한 기술하고자 한다. 또 현장 목업 실험을 통해 도출된 여러 문제점을 지적하고 향후 문제점을 수정하여 더 나은 이음방법으로 발전하고자 연구를 진행하였다.

• 한국임상수의학회지
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• 제40권2호
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• pp.130-134
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• 2023

A 12-year-old Standard Poodle presented with intermittent weakness and occasional dyspnea at the Veterinary Medicine Teaching Hospital of Kangwon National University. A grade of 4 out of 6 systolic murmur with an irregular tachycardic rhythm was auscultated on both sides of the chest. Systolic blood pressure was 140 mmHg. Panting was noticed in the hospital, but there was no crackle sound. Blood analysis revealed mild increases in liver panel levels (alanine aminotransferase 149 [reference interval, 19-70] U/L; and alkaline phosphatase, 185 [reference interval, 15-127] U/L) and severe increases in cardiac biomarker levels (n-terminal pro-brain natriuretic peptide, 4169 [reference interval, 50-900] pmol/L; and cardiac troponin I, 0.22 [reference interval, 0.03-0.12] ng/mL). On electrocardiography, irregularly irregular supraventricular tachycardic rhythm with an f-wave and no distinct p-wave was observed. Generalized cardiomegaly with an enlarged right atrium and left ventricle was confirmed on thoracic radiography. Moreover, hepatomegaly and an enlarged caudal vena cava were observed. Echocardiographic evaluation revealed a fibromuscular diaphragm in the right ventricle. Because of the obstructive lesion in the right ventricle, the right atrium and ventricle were enlarged (right atrial area index, 38.82 cm²/m² [reference interval, 4.2-10.2 cm²/m²]; right ventricle end-diastolic area index, 14.152 cm²/m² [reference interval, 4.9-10.92 cm²/m²]). Accordingly, the patient was diagnosed with double-chambered right ventricle (DCRV). Pimobendan, furosemide, enalapril, diltiazem, and S-adenosylmethionine (SAMe) were prescribed, and all symptoms were relieved. DCRV is a right-sided congenital heart defect resembling pulmonic valve stenosis. If symptoms are not severe, medical therapy can be facilitated without surgery or the balloon dilation.

• 한국프랜차이즈경영연구
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• 제9권4호
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• pp.7-19
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• 2018

Purpose - Recently, global management in Korea franchise industry is becoming an important keyword. As an important branch market, Chinese market plays a major role not only by making experience of the competitiveness among global brands which offers a foothold to become a top global brand, but also by actualizing an economies of scale in production, sales, etc. Therefore, it is necessary to identify key successful factor influencing customer evaluation and responses of Korean franchise restaurant targeting Chinese consumers in China context. The purpose of this study is to examine the effects for Korean franchise restaurant selection attributes on perceived value, customer satisfaction and customer loyalty in Chinese context with SmartPLS 3 and Artifical Neural Network(ANN). Research design, data, and methodology - For these purposes, the authors developed several hypotheses. A questionnaire survey was conducted on the panel of online survey companies for Chinese consumers who have visited Korean franchise restaurants. A total of 404 data were analyzed using structural equation modeling(SEM) and artifical neural network(ANN) with SPSS 22.0 and SmartPLS 3.0. Result - The findings of this study are as follows: First, the alternative model findings show that facilities & atmosphere, employee service, and menu influenced on utilitarian value, customer satisfaction, and customer loyalty directly. Second, employee service influenced on customer satisfaction. Third, menu influenced on hedonic value. Fourth, brand reputation influenced on utilitarian value. Fifth, hedonic value increase customer satisfaction and customer loyalty. Sixth, hedonic value increase customer loyalty. Seventh, customer increase customer loyalty. And, the ANN analysis shows that utilitarian value is the first most important factor influencing customer satisfaction, followed by hedonic value, facilities & atmosphere, menu and employee service. However, the ANN analysis shows that customer satisfaction is the first most important factor influencing customer loyalty, followed by utilitarian value, hedonic value, brand reputation, menu, and employee service. Conclusions - This study provides practical implications for enhancing customer satisfaction and customer loyalty by applying the ANN technique that complements the limitations of the linear structural relationship analysis using the proposed model and the alternative model. In other words, the SEM-ANN model provides guidelines on how Korean franchise restaurants should formulate facilities & atmosphere, employee service, and menu mix strategies in China. In addition, ANN 's analysis shows that restaurant brand reputation plays a pivotal role in increasing customer loyalty. The fact suggests that Korean franchise companies should establish their domestic brand reputation prior to their entry into overseas markets such as China.

• 한국구조물진단유지관리공학회 논문집
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• 제27권2호
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• pp.25-32
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• 2023

이 연구에서는 기존 프리캐스트 콘크리트 (Precast concrete, PC) 더블월 시스템의 복잡한 제작 공정을 간소화하면서 콘크리트 패널 형성 시 발생할 수 있는 레이턴스 등의 결함을 제거하고자 고안된 새로운 PC 더블월 공법을 소개하고 이때, PC 패널이 운반 또는 현장 콘크리트 타설 시 손상되지 않고 간격을 유지하는 역할을 하는 각형 강관에 대한 인장저항 성능을 규명하기 위한 실험적 연구를 수행하였다. 각형 강관의 단부 상세를 변수로 인장실험을 계획하였으며 개구부 형성에 따른 강판의 처리방법, 매립 콘크리트의 존치 유무, 추가적인 장부작용 확보를 위한 철근용접 등을 변수로 설정하여 효과적인 강관 단부 상세를 도출하고자 하였다. 결과적으로, 강관 단부의 측면을 절개한 강판을 강관 단부 방향 안쪽으로 절곡한 강관 실험체 (ST_CP)를 제외하고 기준실험체 (ST)에 비하여 20~30% 가량 증가한 최대 인장강도를 나타내었다. 기준실험체 내부에 콘크리트를 채운 실험체 (ST_CON)가 PC 더블월 제작 시 구성되는 각형 강관 연결부와 유사한 상세를 가지며 추가적인 시공과정과 비용이 요구되지 않으므로 가장 적합한 연결상세인 것으로 판단된다.

• 한국환경보건학회지
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• 제49권3호
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• pp.134-148
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• 2023

Background: The conducting of health effect surveys (HESs) in environmentally contaminated vulnerable areas (ECVAs) by the central and local governments has been increasing apace with the increase in demand for HESs since the Environmental Health Act was enacted in South Korea in 2008. Objectives: This study aimed to review the HESs of residents in ECVAs conducted in South Korea. Methods: An analysis was performed on 125 reports obtained from the Environment Digital Library, PRISM, and local government websites after selecting from 803 projects obtained as ECVAs from the Korea ON-Line E-Procurement System (1997~2021), National Institute Environment Research (2000~2021), and Korea Environmental Industry and Technology Institute (2009~2021). The reports were classified by background (residents' demand, HES, and more), research design (cross-sectional study, cohort, ecological study, and panel), pollution source (abandoned metal mine (AMM), industrial complex (IC), and more), and assessment method of exposure and health effects. The survey area was converted into administrative district codes for geographical mapping. Results: There were 37, 34, 18, and 10 cases associated with AMM, IC, waste incinerators, and coal-fired power plants, respectively. Most of the studies conducted were cross-sectional studies and ecological studies. The proportion of epidemiological investigations by residents' demand showed an increase from 0.0% to 8.9% for the central government while decreasing from 16.7% to 14.3% for local governments after 2008 compared to before 2008. HESs increased at both the central and local government levels since 2014. For the evaluation method, 365 environmental hazards, 319 health outcomes, and 302 biological markers were investigated, with the most commonly investigated items being metals, cancer, and blood metals. Conclusions: HESs of residents in ECVAs in South Korea have been continuously developed both quantitatively and qualitatively. Future improvements are expected, and systematic review and classification of the HESs is warranted.

• 동물자원연구
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• 제30권4호
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• pp.165-171
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• 2019

본 연구의 목적은 비육돈의 성이 육질과 맛 특성에 미치는 영향을 구명하는 것으로, 이를 위해 총 90두 삼원교잡 LYD 비육돈(180일령 암퇘지 45두와 거세돈 45두; 각 처리구당 1+, 1, 2등급 15마리씩 배치)의 육질, 기계적 맛 및 관능적 맛을 성별에 따라 조사하였다. 등심근의 pH, 근내지방 함량, 육색 및 전단가는 성별 간 차이가 없었지만(p>0.05), 암퇘지와 거세돈의 육즙감량(1.66% vs 1.21%), 유리수분량(12.19% vs 10.68%) 및 가열감량(23.67% vs 21.04%)에서는 유의적인 차이가 확인되었다(p<0.05). 전자혀 측정치는 거세돈의 신맛의 강도가 암퇘지보다 유의적으로 낮은 반면, 감칠맛과 감칠맛후미의 강도는 높았다(p<0.05). 관능검사에서는 풍미, 다즙성 및 연도에서 거세돈이 높은 점수를 받은 결과, 기호성에서도 거세돈(5.51점)이 암퇘지(4.86점)보다 유의적으로 높은 점수를 얻었다(p<0.05). 이러한 결과로부터, 암퇘지보다 높은 거세돈의 보수력이 감칠맛 강도를 증가시켜 관능적 맛도 좋게 한 것으로 사료되었다.