• Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention
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• 제14권12호
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• pp.7523-7527
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• 2013

Thymidylate synthase (TS) catalyzes the transfer of a methyl group from methylenetetrahydrofolate to dUMP to form dTMP. It is a primary target in the chemotherapy of colorectal cancers and some other neoplasms. In order to obtain pure protein for analysis of structure and biological function, an expression vector TS-pET28b (+) was constructed by inserting wild-type human thymidylate synthase (hTS) cDNA into pET28b (+). Then an expression strain was selected after transformation of the recombined plasmid into Rosetta (DE3). Fusion protein with His-tag was efficiently expressed in the form of inclusion bodies after IPTG induction and the content was approximately 40.0% of total bacteria proteins after optimizing expression conditions. When inclusion bodies were washed, dissolved and purified by Ni-NTA under denatured conditions, the purity was up to 90%. On SDS-PAGE and West-blotting, the protein band was found to match well with the predicted relative molecular mass-36kDa. Bioactivity was 0.1 U/mg. The results indicated that high-level expression of wild-type hTS cDNA can be achieved in prokaryotes with our novel method, facilitating research into related chemotherapy.

• 생명과학회지
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• 제18권1호
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• pp.52-57
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• 2008

식물체 구성성분의 하나인 hemicellulose의 대부분을 차지하는 xylan은 농산 폐기물 또는 목재 성분의 약 30%를 차지하는 풍부한 자원물질이다. 이러한 xylan을 효과적으로 분해하기 위해 Bacillus에서 발현시킨 재조합 endoxylanase를 이용하여 기능성 식품소채인 xylooligosaccharide의 최적 생산 조건을 조사하였다. B. subtilis 재조합 균주 DB431/pJHKJ4를 이용한 발효조 회분배양 결과, endoxylanse의 총 활성은 857 unit/ml이며, 대부분이 세포밖으로 분비됨을 알 수 있었고, 분비효율은 92%로 나타났다. 재조합 endoxylanase를 이용하여 xylan으로부터 xylooligosaccharide 생성을 위한 최적 반응조건을 검토한 결과, xylooligosaccharide 생산을 위한 기질로는 birchwood xylan이 적합함을 알 수 있었고, 4%의 xylan 농도에서 가장 많은 xylooligosaccharide 을 생산하며, xylobiose와 xylotriose가 주생성물임을 알았다. 효소의 농토와 반응시간의 영향은 10 unit의 endoxylanase를 첨가하여 1시간 반응시켰을 때 가장 많은 양의 xylooligosaccharide을 생산할 수 있었고, 반응온도는 $40^{\circ}C{\sim}50^{\circ}C$가 적합함을 알았다. 결론적으로 재조합 endoxylanase을 이용한 xylooligosaccharide생성에는 10 unit endoxylanase과 4% birchwood xylan을 기질로 이용하여 $50^{\circ}C$에서 1시간 반응시키는 것이 최적반응 조건임을 알았다.

• 생명과학회지
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• 제22권2호
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• pp.142-147
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• 2012

효모 Saccharomyces diastaticus가 포자형성기에 세포질에서 생산된다고 알려진 포자형성 특이 glucoamylase (SGA)가 세포 외로 분비되는 단백질임을 증명하고자 S. dastaticus의 SGA promoter와 예상되는 분비신호서열 다음에 reporter gene으로 사용한 고초균의 CMCase 구조유전자를 융합한 재조합 플라스미드 pYSC25를 제작하고 수주세포인 S. diastaticus YIY345에 형질전환 하였다. 형질전환체를 1% CMC를 포함하는 최소한천배지에서 배양한 후 Congo red 염료로 염색하여 생성된 투명환으로부터 SGA의 분비서열에 의해 세균의 CMCase가 효모세포외로 분비되는 것을 확인하였다. 효모세포부위 별 CMCase의 활성분포를 측정하여 SGA 분비서열의 분비효율을 추정하기 위해 효모세포 배양액을 배양상등액, periplasmic 및 세포질 분획으로 나눈 다음 효소활성을 측정한 결과 CMCase 활성의 76%가 배양상등액과 periplasmic 부위에 존재하였으며 N-연결형 당쇄가 일어났으므로 SGA 분비서열은 효과적으로 작용함을 알 수 있었다. 대조균인 고초균에서 생산된 CMCase에서는 당쇄가 일어나지 않은 것을 확인하였다. 이상의 결과로부터 SGA는 아미노 말단에 존재하는, 24개의 아미노산으로 구성된 분비서열을 보유한 분비성 단백질임을 확인하였다.

• 한국잠사곤충학회지
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• 제40권2호
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• pp.111-116
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• 1998

To construct transformed Bm5 cells, Autographa californica nuclear polyhedrosis virus (AcNPV)IE1 gene, an immediate early viral gene was firstly used in this study. AcNPV IE1 gene, which shares on 95.3% uncleotide sequence homology with Bombyx mori nuclear polyhedrosis virus (BmNPV) IE1 gene, was isolated and cloned into pBluescript. Neomycin gene from pKO-neo was inserted under the control of the IE1 promoter to yield pAcIE1-neo. The plasmid pAcIE1-neo was transfected into Bm5 or Sf9 cells, and neomycin-resistant cells were selected in TC100 medium containing 10% fetal bovine serum (FBS) and 1 mg/$m\ell$ G418 for two weeks. Individual clones were picked and each was amplified for further characterization. The genomic DNA from neomycin-resistnt cells was isolated and characterized by PCR using AcNPV IE1 gene-specific primers and by Southern blot analysis using neomycin gene probe. We concluded that AcNPV IE1 gene was functional in B. moridrived Bm5 cells as well as Spodaptera frugiperda-derived Sf9 cells to produce stably-transformed insect cells.

• Fisheries and Aquatic Sciences
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• 제16권4호
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• pp.221-227
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• 2013

In total, 131 Escherichia coli isolates from surface seawater of the Gomso Bay, of Korea, were analyzed for their susceptibility to 22 different antimicrobials and for genes associated with antimicrobial resistance and virulence. According to the disk diffusion susceptibility test, the resistance to tetracycline was most prevalent (33.6%), followed by that to ampicillin (22.1%), ticarcillin (22.1%), and trimethoprim (16.8%). More than 46.6% of the isolates were resistant to at least one antimicrobial, and 22.9% were resistant to three or more classes of antimicrobials; these were consequently defined as multidrug resistant. We further found that 29 ampicillin-resistant isolates possessed genes encoding TEM-type (93.1%) and SHV-type (6.9%) ${\beta}$-lactamases. Among the 44 tetracycline-resistant isolates, tetA and tetC were found in 35 (79.5%) and 19 (43.2%), respectively, whereas tetB was detected in only three isolates (6.8%). With regard to virulence genes, merely 0.8% (n = 1) and 2.3% (n = 3) of the isolates were positive for the enteroaggregative E. coli-associated plasmid (pCVD432) gene and the enteropathogenic E. coli-specific attaching and effacing (eae) gene, respectively. Overall, these results not only provide novel insight into the necessity for seawater sanitation in Gomso Bay, but they help reduce the risk of contamination of antimicrobial-resistant bacteria.

• 대한의생명과학회지
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• 제9권4호
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• pp.195-201
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• 2003

Aromatic hydrocarbons are of major concern among genotoxic chemicals due to their toxicity and persistence. Some microorganisms can utilize aromatic hydrocarbons as carbon and energy sources by inducing expression of catabolic operon(s). The XylR regulatory protein activates transcription of the catabolic enzymes to degrade BTEX (benzene, toluene, ethylbenzene, and xylene) from its cognate promoters, Pu and Ps upon exposure of the cells to the aromatic hydrocarbons. The activity of XylR on the promoters was previously monitored using luciferase luc reporter system. The xylR, its promoter Pr and the promoter Po for the phenolic compound catabolic operon were introduced upstream of firefly luciferase luc in the pGL3b vector to generate about 7.1 kb of pXRBTEX. Here E. coli harboring the plasmid was freeze-dried under various conditions to fin,d optimal conditions for storage and transport. The cell viability and luciferase activity were maintained better, when the cells were freeze-dried at -7$0^{\circ}C$ in the addition of the 10% skim milk or 12% sucrose. However, coaddition of protectants such as 10% skim milk plus 10% glucose or 12% sucrose plus 10% glucose, resulted in much better viability and bioluminescence activity compared with the effect of single addition of each protectant. In addition, it was shown that the freeze-dried cells maintained almost intact bioluminescent activities and cell viability for at least 1 week after freeze-drying. This work demonstrated that the properly freeze-dried recombinant bacterial cells could be utilized as a whole-cell biosensor for simple and rapid monitoring of BTEX in the environment.

• Fisheries and Aquatic Sciences
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• 제26권9호
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• pp.558-568
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• 2023

Vibrio vulnificus is an aquatic bacterium causing septicemia and wound infection in humans. To understand this pathogen at the genomic level, it was performed whole genome sequencing of a cefoxitin-resistant strain, V. vulnificus 1908-10 possessing virulence-related genes (vvhA, viuB, and vcgC) isolated from Gadeok island coastal seawater in South Korea. The genome of V. vulnificus 1908-10 consisted of two circular contigs and no plasmid. The total genome size was estimated to be 5,018,425 bp with a guanine-cytosine (GC) content of 46.9%. We found 119 tRNA and 34 rRNA genes respectively in the genome, along with 4,352 predicted protein sequences. Virulence factor (VF) analysis further revealed that V. vulnificus 1908-10 possess various virulence genes in classes of adherence, antiphagocytosis, chemotaxis and motility, iron uptake, quorum sensing, secretion system, and toxin. In the comparison of the presence/absence of virulence genes, V. vulnificus 1908-10 had fur, hlyU, luxS, ompU, pilA, pilF, rtxA, rtxC, and vvhA. Of the 30 V. vulnificus comparative strains, 80% of the C-genotype strains have all of these genes, whereas 40% of the E-genotype strains have all of them. In particular, pilA were identified in 80% of the C-type strains and 40% of the E-type strains, showing more difference than other genes. Therefore, V. vulnificus 1908-10 had similar VF characteristics to those of type C strains. Multifunctional-autoprocessing repeats-in-toxin (MARTX) toxin of V. vulnificus 1908-10 contained 8 A-type repeats (GXXGXXXXXG), 25 B.1-type repeats (TXVGXGXX), 18 B2-type repeats (GGXGXDXXX), and 7 C-type repeats (GGXGXDXXX). The National Center for Biotechnology Information (NCBI) Basic Local Alignment Search Tool (BLAST) showed that the RtxA protein of V. vulnificus 1908-10 had the effector domain in the order of cross-liking domain (ACD)-C58_PaToxP-like domain- α/β hydrolase-C58_PaToxP-like domain.

• 생명과학회지
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• 제24권1호
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• pp.39-45
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• 2014

S. typhimurium MMP13과 ${\chi}8554$는 독력이 약한 JOL401과 독력이 강한 ${\chi}3339$로부터 유래되었다. Heat labile subunit B (LT-B)는 백신의 효율성을 증가시키기 위한 면역보강제로서 일반적으로 사용되고 있다. 고스트 카세트를 운반하는 pMMP184를 MMP13과 ${\chi}8554$에 형질전환하여 고스트를 생성시킨 후 BALB/c 마우스에 근육으로 투여하였다. 면역 보강제가 없는 경우에는 독력에 상반하여 총 IgG 함량이 증가되는 경향성을 보였다. 반대로, 면역보강제를 발현하는 pMMP300을 운반하는 고스트 백신이 동시에 투여되는 경우에는 독력이 강한 균주에서 면역성이 증진되는 경향성을 보였다. 그러나 최종 총 IgG 농도는 유사하게 관찰되었기 때문에, 독력의 세기가 특별히 면역성에 영향을 미치지 못하는 것으로 추정된다. 다른 면역 요소인 IgG1, IgG2a, sIgAs는 특이적인 경향성을 보이지 않았다. 살모넬라 도전실험 결과 독력 유래에 상관없이 유사한 경향성을 보이는 것으로 나타났다. 이상의 결과는 고스트를 생성에 사용된 독력에 관계없이 살모넬라에 대한 면역성이 유발되는 결과를 보였다.

• 한국초지조사료학회지
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• 제17권3호
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• pp.285-292
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• 1997

This study was conducted to obtain the transgenic Brnssica napus plants with tobacco Apase gene using the binary vector system of Agrobacteriurn fumefociens. The results obtained were summarized as follows: A repressible acid phosphatase gene of Saccharon~yces cerevisiae, pho105 was used for screening of tobacco Apase cDNA. In order to identify Apase gene in tobacco genome, Southern blot analysis was pcrformed and the Apase gcnc may be present as a single copy, or at most two or three copies, in tobacco genome. To isolate the tobacco Apase gene, tobacco cDNA library was constructed using purifed mRNA from -Pi treated tobacco root and the plaque forming unit of the library was 2.8 x $10^5$ pfu/m${\ell}$, therefore the library might cover all expressed mRNAs. Using pho5 as a probe. tobacco Apase cDNA was cloned, and restriction mapping and Southern blot analysis of cDNA insert were revealed that the 3.6 kb cDNA contained tobacco acid phosphatase cDNA. Plasmid pGA695 -tcAPl was constructed by subcloning tobacco Apase cDNA into the Hind site of pGA695 with 35s promoter which can be expressed constitutively in plants. The Brassica napus cotyledonary petioles were cocultivated with the ,4 grobacteriunz and transferred to the selection medium. The transformed and regenerated plants were transplanted to soil medium. Southern blot analysis was done on the transformed plants, and it was confirmed that a foregin gene was stably integrated into the genonies of B. nnpus plants.

• 생명과학회지
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• 제34권2호
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• pp.86-93
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• 2024

플라스미드의 복제는 엄격하게 조절되어야 하기 때문에 일반적으로 rolling circle 복제를 수행하는 플라스미드들은 복제 개시인자인 RepB는 전사 및 번역 수준에서 엄격하게 조절되어 일정한 copy number를 유지한다. 플라스미드 pJB01에는 단일 오페론으로 구성된 세 개의 orfs (copA, repB, repC 또는 repABC)가 포함되어 있다. 아미노산 서열 분석에서 pJB01 CopA는 다른 플라스미드의 복제 수 조절 단백질로서 Cops와 상동성을 보였다. pMV158의 CopG와 비교할 때, CopA는 플라스미드의 일반화된 억제자의 모티브로 알려진 RHH (ribbon-helix-helix)를 형성하는 것으로 추정된다. gel mobility shift assay 결과 정제된 융합 단백질이 repABC 오페론의 operator 영역에 결합하는 것으로 나타났다. 전사 수준에 대한 CopA의 기능적 역할을 조사하기 위해 CopA R16M, K26R 및 E50V와 같은 세 개의 포인트 돌연변이가 CopA의 코딩 프레임에서 구성되었다. CopA R16M, K26R 및 E50V 돌연변이의 repABC mRNA 수준은 CopA wt보다 각각 1.84, 1.78 및 2.86배 증가했다. 또한 세 개의 CopA 유전자의 돌연변이로 인한 복제 수도 CopA wt보다 각각 1.86, 1.68 및 2.89배 증가했다. 이러한 결과는 CopA가 전사 억제자이며 복제 개시자로서 repABC mRNA 및 RepB 단백질 수를 감소시킴으로써 pJB01의 복제 수를 감소시키는 것으로 제의된다.