• Structural Engineering and Mechanics
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• v.75 no.5
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• pp.607-620
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• 2020

A numerical study is carried out to assess the dynamic response and damage level of one- and two-way reinforced concrete (RC) panels subjected to explosive loads by using finite element LS-DYNA software. The precision of the numerical models is validated with the previous experimental test. The calibrated models are used to conduct a series of parametric studies to evaluate the effects of panel wall dimensions, concrete strength, and steel reinforcement ratio on the blast-resistant capacity of the panel under various magnitudes of blast load. The results are used to develop pressure-impulse (P-I) diagrams corresponding to the damage levels defined according to UFC-3-340-02 manual. Empirical equations are proposed to easily construct the P-I diagrams of RC panels that can be efficiently used to assess its safety level against blast loads.

• Korean Deer Journal
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• no.18
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• pp.2-10
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• 1993

본 시험은 3마리의 2년생 famale sika deer에게 동일한 에너지 수준하에 단백질 함량($7\%,\;12\%\;17\%$)이 각기 다른 사료를 급여하였을 때, 사료 영양소의 이용성 변화 및 체내 N 대사, 유지를 위한 단백질 요구량, 대사성 분질소 함량 등을 규명하기 위하여 실시하였으며, 결과를 요약하면 다음과 같다. 1. DM, OM, ADF의 소화율을 사료내 단백질 함량에 따른 차이를 보이지 않았으며(P>.1), CP의 소화율은 사료내 단백질 수준이 증가함에 따라 향상되었다(P<.05). 2. 사료내 단백질 함량이 증가함에 따라 분과 뇨로의 N 배출량 모두 증가하였으며(P<.05), 사료내 단백질 수준이 7, 12, $17\%$ 이었을 때 N retention은 각각 26.9, 31, 8, $38.9\%$였다. 3. 혈증 urea-N 함량은 사료내 단백질 함량의 증가에 따라 현저하게 증가하였다.(P<.05) 4. Famale sika deer의 유지수준의 단백질요구량(protein requirement for maintenance)은 $1.81g/kgW^{0.75}/d$다. 5. 대사성 분 질소(metabolic facal N)함량은 $0.32g/kgW^{0.75}/d$였다.

• Bulletin of the Korean Chemical Society
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• v.1 no.3
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• pp.75-78
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• 1980

The interactions of iodine with toluidines (o-, m-, and p-) and N-methyltoluidines (o-, m-, and p-) in $CCl_4$ solution have been investigated through spectrophotometric measurements. The results indicate that toluidines and N-methyltoluidines form the one-to-one charge-transfer complexes with $I_2$ in solution. By comparing the values of the formation constants of the complexes, it is concluded that the relative stabilities of the $I_2$-amine complexes decrease in the following orders: p-toluidine >m-toluidine >aniline >o-toluidine, N-methyl-p-toluidine >N-methyl-m-toluidine >N-methylaniline >N-methyl-o-toluidine, N-methyltoluidines >toluidines. These results can be explained by the electron-releasing character and the steric effect of methyl group in the amine molecules.

• Proceedings of the Korea Contents Association Conference
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• 2019.05a
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• pp.419-420
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• 2019

본 연구는 학년별 임상실습 스트레스 대처와 실습 만족도를 규명하는 조사연구이다. 연구대상자는 K도 J시에 소재한 임상실습 경험이 있는 간호대학생 3학년은 141명, 4학년 142명 총 283명이다. 자료 분석은 SPSS 18.0 WIN 프로그램을 사용하였고, 대상자의 스트레스 대처 중 소극적인 대처 유형은 총 96점에서 3학년 63.75(${\pm}6.57$)점으로 4학년 62.21(${\pm}6.45$)점 보다 높게 나타났으며, 학년간 차이는 통계적으로 유의미하게 나타났다(t= 1.75, p=.045). 대상자의 실습 만족도는 학년간 차이는 실습시간에 대한 만족도가 통계적으로 유의미하게 나타났다(t=2.87, p=.003). 대상자의 스트레스 대처와 실습만족도와의 관계에서는 적극적 대처 유형과 실습내용 만족도(r=.151, p<.05), 소극적 대처 유형과 실습시간 만족도(r=.138, p<.035)는 양의 상관관계를 나타났다. 종합해보면 추후 실습 스트레스에 대한 대처방법으로 임상 실습 전 긍정적이고 목표지향적인 형태를 유지할 수 있는 자극적이고 효율적인 교과과정과 비교과과정에서의 융합 연구가 필요하다고 사료된다.

• Radiation Oncology Journal
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• v.25 no.3
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• pp.145-150
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• 2007

Purpose: To investigate the degree and effect of cyclooxygenase (COX)-2 expression on the survival of patients with glioblastoma multiforme (GM). Materials and Methods: Between 1997 and 2006, thirty consecutive GM patients treated with surgery and postoperative radiotherapy (dose range: $44{\sim}65.1$ Gy, median dose: 61.2 Gy) were included in the study. Three patients were excluded that discontinued radiotherapy before receiving a dose of 40 Gy due to mental deterioration. The expression of the COX-2 protein in surgical specimens was examined by immunohistochemical analysis. Survival analysis and verification were performed with respect to sex, age, performance status, resection extent, radiotherapy dose, and degree of COX-2 expression using the Kaplan-Meier method and the log rank test. Results: The median length of follow-up was 13.3 months (range:$6{\sim}83$ months). Staining for COX-2 was positive in all patient samples. Staining for COX-2 that was positive for over 75% of the tumor cells was found in 24 patients. Staining for COX-2 that was positive in less than 25% of tumor cells was found in 3 patients (10.0%), staining for COX-2 that was positive in 25 to 50% of tumor cells was found in 1 patient (3.3%), staining for COX-2 that was positive in 50 to 75% of tumor cells was found in 2 patients (6.7%) and staining for COX-2 that was positive in 75 to 100% of tumor cells was found in 24 patients (80.0%). The median survival and two-year survival rate were 13.5 months and 17.5%, respectively. The survival rate was influenced significantly by the degree of resection (tumor removal by 50% or more) and radiotherapy dose (59 Gy or greater) (p<0.05). The median survival of patients with staining for COX-2 that was positive in less than 75% of tumor cells and in at least 75% of tumor cells was 15.5 and 13.0 months, respectively (p>0.05), and the two-year survival for these groups was 33.3 and 13.3%, respectively (p>0.05). Conclusion: The absence of a statistical correlation between the degree of COX-2 expression and survival in GM patients, despite the high rate of COX-2 positive tumor cells in the GM patient samples, requires further studies with a larger series to ascertain the prognostic value of the degree of COX-2 expression in GM patients.

• Journal of Chest Surgery
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• v.13 no.3
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• pp.167-173
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• 1980

From 1976 through June 1980, 75 patients underwent Open heart operation at Korea University Hospital.Of the 75 patients, 39 were congenital heart cases and 36 were acquired heart disease cases. 39 cases of congenital heart disease were consisting of 16 T.O.F.,4 A.S.D., 10 V.S.D., 3 P.S., 1 P.D.A., 1 V.S.D. + Mi, 1 Truncus arteriosus, 1 Ebstein, 1 D.C.R.V., 1 Single ventricle. Among 36 valvular replacement cases, 18 cases of MVR, 3 cases of AVR, 6 cases of Double valve replacement, and 10 cases of Open Mitral commissurotomy, were performed. Postoperative mortality rate of congenital heart disease was 25.6% and that of acquired heart disease was 8.3%. Overall mortality rate of open heart surgery was 17.3%. Among 16 cases of postoperative death cases, 5 cases of autopsy were performed. Postoperative cause of death of our series were intracranial bleeding, pacemaker failure, low output syndrome, protamine anaphylaxis, bleeding, prosthetic valve embolism, C V A, miliary tuberculosis, hypothermia due to pump failure.

• Journal of Astronomy and Space Sciences
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• v.10 no.1
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• pp.36-43
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• 1993

We have made UBV light curves of a newly discovered eclipsing binary, SAO23229 at Sobaeksan Astronomy Observatory. We determined a minimum light time of HJD2448636.1170$pm$0.0005 that is 3 minimum later than predicted time, and found a peculiar light variation at phase 0.75 that may not be secondary eclipse. Orbital period of SAO23229 would be 4.2 days rather than 2.1 days. Our analysis of the light curves shows that SAO23229 has a detached configuration consisting of two almost identical F type main sequence stars.

• Journal of East-West Nursing Research
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• v.23 no.1
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• pp.75-85
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• 2017

Purpose: This study was conducted to examine the effects of Pericardium Kimek (K9) and Nei-Guan (P6) acupressure on relief of the anxiety, nausea, retching and physiologic changes (oxygen saturation, blood pressure, heart rate, temperature and respiration) in the patients undergoing unsedated esophagogastroduodenoscopy. Methods: A quasi-experimental research design was used. The participants were assigned into the listed three groups, i.e., the control group, the first experimental group (E1: K9 acupressure group) and the second experimental group (E2: P6 acupressure group). A total of 60 participants were included for analysis. Results: The severity of nausea (F=3.503, p=.037), the oxygen saturation (F=5.417, p=.007). and the respiration rate (F=7.270, p=.002) showed statistically significant differences in three groups. Conclusion: Based on the results of the present study, K9 acupressure with moxa pellets and P6 acupressure with wristbands (Sea-Band) are considered to be safe and an easy-to-apply intervention to relieve nausea and maintain the level of oxygen saturation and respiration rate in patients undergone unsedated esophagogastroduodenoscopy.

• Bulletin of the Korean Chemical Society
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• v.34 no.4
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• pp.1101-1107
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• 2013

In this study, total mercury and methyl mercury in whole blood of Korean was analyzed so as to investigate the correlation between total mercury (T-Hg) and methyl mercury (Me-Hg). 4000 whole blood samples were divided in four groups, according to T-Hg concentration in percentile: group I (p25-p50), group II (p50-p75), group III (p75-p95) and group IV (p95-p100). 100 samples were randomly selected from the each group, and Me-Hg concentration was measured. T-Hg concentration in whole blood was analyzed using a Direct Mercury Analyzer-80 and obtained limit of detection (LOD) was $0.2{\mu}gL^{-1}$. Me-Hg concentration was analyzed with ethylate derivatization using headspace-gas chromatography-mass spectrometry, and obtained LOD of methyl mercury was $0.5{\mu}gL^{-1}$. The geometric means of T-Hg and Me-Hg were $6.35{\mu}gL^{-1}$ and $4.44{\mu}gL^{-1}$, respectively, and 71.91% of T-Hg was presented as Me-Hg.

• Journal of the Korean Ceramic Society
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• v.28 no.5
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• pp.373-382
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• 1991

The effect of Ca/P mole ratio (Ca/P=1.60, 1.67, 1.75) in the initial solution on the mechanical properties of alumina added hydroxyapatite was investigated. Hydroxyapatite was synthesized by precipitation method using Ca(NO3)2$.$4H2O and (NH4)2HPO4 as starting materials and 5 wt% of ${\alpha}$-Al2O3 was added to precipitation solution. The powder was calcined at 800$^{\circ}C$ and sintered at 1,150∼1,400$^{\circ}C$ under water vapor atmosphere. With the increasing of Ca/P mole ration in the initial solution, the amount of tricalcium phosphate formed from the decomposition of hydroxyapatite reduced and the sinterability and mechanical properties were increased. The bending strength and Vickers hardness of the specimen sintered at 1,300$^{\circ}C$ with the Ca/P mole ratio of 1.75 in the initial solution were 230 MPa and 650 kg/$\textrm{mm}^2$, respectively. The improvement of mechanical properties was attributed to not only the effect of Ca/P mole ratio but also the strengthening of sintered body by Al substitution for P ions.