• Journal of Chest Surgery
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• v.46 no.4
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• pp.256-264
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• 2013

Background: Surgical treatment of infective endocarditis (IE) remains a challenge, especially in cases of multiple valve surgery. We evaluated the clinical outcomes of native valve IE and compared the outcomes of single valve surgery with those of multiple valve surgery. Materials and Methods: From 1997 to 2011, 90 patients underwent surgery for native valve IE; 67 patients with single valve surgery (single valve group) and 23 patients with multiple valve surgery (multiple valve group). The mean follow-up duration was $73.1{\pm}47.4$ months. Results: The surgical mortality in the total cohort was 4.4%. The overall survival (p=0.913) and valve-related event-free survival (p=0.204) did not differ between the two groups. The independent predictor of postoperative complications was New York Heart Association class (p=0.001). Multiple valve surgery was not a significant predictor of surgical mortality (p=0.225) or late mortality (p=0.936). Uncontrolled infection, urgent or emergency surgery, and postoperative complications were identified as independent predictors of valve-related morbidity, excluding multiple valve surgery (p=0.072). Conclusion: In native valve IE, multiple valve surgery as a factor was not an independent predictor of mortality and morbidity. The number of surgically corrected valves in native IE seems to be unrelated to perioperative and long-term outcomes.

• Archives of Pharmacal Research
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• v.9 no.3
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• pp.163-167
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• 1986

Twenty six urea analogues, most of which have already been approved for human use, were tested for their antiurease activity in vitro. Cell-free extracts obtained from a clinical isolate of Proteus mirabilis was used as the source of enzyme. Acetohydroxamic acid which is a proven potent urease inhibitor but not approved for human use was again shown to be the most active compound among the tested. Phenacemide, cycloserine, and deferoxamine were demonstrated to be moderate inhibitors. Oxtetracycline, trimethoprim, and cefamandole revealed a demonstrable antiruease activity, but only at very high concentrations. The antiurease activity of cycloserine, trimethoprim, and cefamandole was pH dependent-only active at acidic pH. The inhibitory activity of acetohydroxamic acid however was independent of change in pH. The inhibitory activity of acetohydroxamic acid however was independent of change in pH. Hydrogen ion concentration plays an important role in urease activity and acidification (pH 5. 5) alone eliminates approximately 65% of the enzymic activity. Adjustment of pH therefore appears to be an important adjunct in reducing unrease activity and should always be studied to maximize the effcacy of antiurease compounds under investigation.

• Journal of Korea Association of Health Promotion
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• v.2 no.1
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• pp.39-46
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• 2004

Purpose:It has been known that the prognosis of a young woman's breast cancer is Poorer than the other woman However, the effect of age on the prognosis is not well-defined We performed this study to investigate age as a prognostic factor of breast cancer. Materials and Methods : A retrospective study was conducted for 3209 breast cancer patients who underwent operations in Department of Surgery, Seoul National University Hospital from January 1981 to December 2000. Patients were divided into two groups, young age(≤35) and old age(>35) groups. And tumor stage, histopathologic characteristics(such as histology, nuclear grade, histologic grade, hormonal receptor, etc), overall survival and disease free survival rates were compared between age groups. Results . The age ranged from 17 to 88 years. 396 patients(12.3%) were included in young age group(median=32) and 2813 Patients(87.7%) in old age group(median=47).There are more advanced stages and poor nuclear grades in young age group(p=0.000, p=0.003), By log-rank test, the young age group had poorer overall survival and disease free survival rates(p<0.05, p=0.0002). Although, the young age group had more advanced TMN stages(p=0.000) and poorer nuclear grade than the old age group(p=0.003) in multi variate analysis, the age was not a significant independent prognostic factor. (P=0.642)Conclusion: Our study showed that the age was not a significant independent prognostic factor.

• Biomedical Science Letters
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• v.13 no.3
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• pp.183-187
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• 2007

Monocyte chemoattractant protein-1 (MCP-1) and interleukin-8 (IL-8) playa key role in development of atherosclerosis. To take into account the atherogenic properties of MCP-1 and IL-8 and its influence on insulin resistance, we examined circulating levels of MCP-1 and IL-8 in adults. We recruited 292 subjects (84 males and 208 females) aged between 29 and 79 years. MCP-1 and IL-8 levels were measured by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. Age, total cholesterol, HDL-cholesterol, and LDL-cholesterol levels were significantly higher in female subjects (P<0.01, respectively), but diastolic blood pressure (BP) was significantly lower in female subjects compared to male subjects. MCP-1 and IL-8 levels were tended to increase with age, the highest in their seventies. MCP-1 (P=0.05) and IL-8 (P<0.01) levels were higher in males than in females. MCP-1 was positively correlated with age (r=0.17, P<0.05), IL-8 (r=0.26, P<0.01), fasting insulin (r=0.30, P<0.01), and HOMA-IR (r=0.29, P<0.01). In linear regression analysis, age was found to be independent factor associated with MCP-1 adjusted by age, BMI, fasting glucose, triglyceride, and systolic BP. In conclusion, age was found to be independent factor associated with MCP-1. It is possible that an increase of MCP-1 in adults with age may be risk to atherosclerosis and diabetic properties.

• Archives of Pharmacal Research
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• v.25 no.1
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• pp.93-101
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• 2002

The extract of European mistletoe ( Viscum album, L) has been used in adjuvant chemotherapy of cancer and mistletoe lectins are considered to be major active components. The present work was performed to investigate the effects of Korean mistletoe lectin (Viscum album L. coleratum agglutinin, VCA) on proliferation and apoptosis of human hepatoma cells as well as the underlying mechamisns for these effects. We showed that VCA induced atoptosis in both SK-Hep-1 and Hep 3B (p53-negative) cells through p53- and p21 -independent pathways. VCA induced apoptosis by down-regulation of Bcl-2 and by up-regulation of Bax functioning upstream of caspase-3 in both cell lines. In addition, we observed down-regulation of telomerase activity in both VCA-treated cells. Our results provide direct evidence of the anti-tumor potential of this biological response which comes from inhibition of telomerase and consequent inducing apoptosis. VCA-induced apoptosis is regulated by mitochondria controlled pathway independently of p53. These findings are important for the therapy with preparation of mistletoe because they show that telomerase-dependent mechanism can be targeted by VCA in human hepatocarcinoma. Taken together, our results suggest that the VCA, considered as a telomerase-inhibitor, can be envisaged as a candidate for enhancing sensitivity of conventional anticancer drugs.

• Bulletin of the Korean Mathematical Society
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• v.51 no.5
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• pp.1399-1409
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• 2014

In this article, we establish the $\mathfrak{F}_p$-uniform moderate deviation principles of the sample quantiles and order statistics for a sequence of independent and identically distributed samples.

• Proceedings of the IEEK Conference
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• 1999.11a
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• pp.326-329
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• 1999

In this paper, we demonstrate a polarization independent optical phase modulator using electro-optic polymer, P2ANS. To overcome the intrinsic polarization dependency of electro-optic effect, we control the optic axis using a new electrode structure. P2ANS(42:75) and P2ANS(25:75) are used for the core layer and the cladding layer, respectively. The buried-type single mode waveguide is fabricated by oxygen ion reactive etching and electic poling is performed by applying 1, 200V at 135$^{\circ}C$. The measured V$_{\pi}$ of the device for both TE and TM modes are 70V.

• Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention
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• v.13 no.9
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• pp.4739-4743
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• 2012

Background: Predictive biomarkers for lung cancer recurrence after curative tumor resection remain unclear. This study set out to assess the role of FoxM1 in the recurrence of non-small cell lung cancer. Methods: Immunohistochemistry for FoxM1 expression was performed on paraffin-embedded tumor tissues from 165 NSCLC patients. Association of FoxM1 expression with clinicopathological parameters and disease free survival were evaluated. Results: Our results indicated FoxM1 expression to be significantly associated with poorer tissue differentiation (P =0.03), higher TNM stage (P <0.01), lymph node metastasis (P <0.01), advanced tumor stage (P <0.01), and poorer disease free survival (P <0.01). Multivariable analysis showed that FoxM1 expression increased the hazard of recurrence (hazard ratio= 1.96, 95% CI, 1.04-3.17, P <0.05), indicating that FoxM1 is an independent and significant predictor of lung cancer recurrence. Conclusion: Therefore, FoxM1 is an independent risk factor for recurrence of NSCLC. Elevated FoxM1 expression could be used as an indicator of poor disease free survival.

• Culinary science and hospitality research
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• v.22 no.8
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• pp.17-26
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• 2016

This study conducted to identify the influence of consume propensity on the visiting satisfaction among 253 people who visited the themed restaurants across the country within two months from the date of January 7, 2016. The result of this study are as following: Sociality, impulsivity, and planning are used for estimating the propensity to consume, and sociality (${\beta}=.551$, p<.001), impulsivity (${\beta}=.094$, p<.05), and planning (${\beta}=.328$, p<.001) had the significant positive (+) influence on satisfaction. Second, the choice of the themed restaurant had the significant positive (+) influence on the all variables of consume propensity in the first stage model that the propensity to consume of consumers was considered as an independent variable. In the second stage input model, the choice of restaurant (${\beta}=0.228$, p<.01) had the significant positive influence. That is, the choice of restaurants generally elevated the satisfaction of visiting the themed restaurants. In the third stage that the interaction between the propensity to consume of consumers was considered as an independent variable. The results show there was the significant positive (+) regulation effect with sociality (${\beta}=.108$, p<.05) and planning (${\beta}=.167$, p<.05), but there was no influence with impulsivity.

• Oncology Letters
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• v.19 no.4
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• pp.3027-3034
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• 2020

Induction of apoptosis in human cancer cells by Sasa quelpaertensis Nakai has been considered to be a potential therapeutic target for cancer treatment; however, the underlying mechanisms of action are not well understood. The present study investigated the role of nitric oxide (NO•) and inhibitors of apoptosis (IAPs) during apoptosis induced by Sasa quelpaertensis Nakai extracts (SQE) in p53-wild type (WT) and p53-null HCT116 colon carcinoma cells. Trypan blue exclusion and Annexin V/propidium iodide assays were used to test for antiproliferation, and apoptosis and cell cycle. Griess and reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction and western blotting assays were carried out to assay NO• production, and to detect the mRNA and protein levels of Bcl-2, PARP and IAPs. A colorimetric assay was utilized to measure the time-dependent increase in caspase-3 activity. SQE inhibited cell growth and promoted apoptosis by the elevation of NO• in a dose- and time-dependent manner. In addition, both cell types underwent a reduction in mRNA and protein levels of IAPs (survivin, CIAP-1 and -2, and X-linked inhibitor of apoptosis) as well as anti-apoptotic Bcl-2, whereas an increase in protein expression of poly (ADP-ribose) polymerase 1 and caspase 3 activity was observed; however, an equivalent cytotoxic and apoptotic effect by SQE was observed in p53-WT and p53-null cells. Collectively, the results indicated that SQE-induced apoptosis was independent of p53 status and associated with modulation of endogenous NO• and IAP family gene expression.