• Journal of Periodontal and Implant Science
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• v.25 no.3
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• pp.568-586
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• 1995

542 periodontal patients having early-onset periodontitis(EOP) have been reclassified into a more homogeneous phenotypic subsets by newly revised radiographic criteria. Representative patients of each EOP subform have been examined of serum IgG subclass antibodies against periodontopathic bacteria, Porphyromonas gingivalis(Pg) 381 and of genetic markers for IgG allotypes to clarify the relationship between these parameters and phenotype expression of each subform. The early onset periodontitis could be reclassified by the radiographic parameters combining the mean interproximal alveolar bone loss(BL) and the radiographic ratio(between 1st molars and the adjacent teeth: Ratio) with statistical significance(p<0.001 by MANOVA). Moreover these EOP subforms could clearly be delineated from adult periodontitis. Of subform I and II(localized type EOP) patients with minimal mean bone loss(BL<5.0), patients demonstrating disease activities in localized areas(Ratio.>1.5) showed the elevated responses in all the IgG subclasses against Pg compared with those of patients without disease activity(Ratio <1.5). There were gradual increase in the IgG2 and IgG4 titers against Pg as the disease developed into the generalized forms suggesting the possible role of these antibodies in modulating the phenotype expression. The genetic marker study for IgG allotype revealed that mean IgG2 and IgG4 subclass titers were significantly higher(p<0.01, p<0.05, respectively) in patients who were positive for G2m(n). This indicated that IgG subclass responsiveness against the bacterial antigens are under the immnuogenetic control. The observed frequencies of G2m(n) were significantly higher (p<0.05) in subfrom IV patients who had the characteristic features of classical rapidly progressing periodontitis indicating the possible genetic predisposition in these patients.

• Restorative Dentistry and Endodontics
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• v.12 no.2
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• pp.65-72
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• 1987

The purpose of this study was to examine the influence of several root canal sealers on the discoloration of internal surface after root canal obstruction. Twenty four sound human premolars, extracted for orthodontic or prosthodontic purposes, were randomly selected and divided into eight groups. Extracted premolars were prepared, and the following seven materials were introduced into the pulp cavities: AH 26, Fuji ionomer (Type I) cement, N2, Oxypara "Murakami", Kerr sealer, PCA sealer, and G-C's Propac ZOE cement. After 7 weeks of incubation; the discolored tooth crowns were hemisectioned, and the internal staining patterns were examined. Then, with an association of observed values the mean intensity scores and percentage of coverage scores of the internal staining patterns in teeth attained by two observers using for Chisquare test were analyzed. The results were as follows: 1. All the experimental premolar's crown showed various ranged discoloration of internal surface. 2. There was no significance between the association scores of two observers participated into this experiments:% coverage scores (P > 0.05) and intensity (P > 0.05) 3. The crowns filled with PCA sealer, AH 26, and Fuji ionomer cement was visible within a depth of one third of dentin. (P> 0.05) 4. For N2, Kerr sealer, and G-C's Propac cement, A slight dentinal staining was recorded, which penetrated up to half way into the dentin. (P> 0.05) 5. It was noticed that the teeth filled with Oxypara "Murakami" were discolored more than two thirds of the dentinal layer. 6. On the control group, there was no discoloration.

• Corrosion Science and Technology
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• v.5 no.4
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• pp.141-148
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• 2006

The chemical composition and the semiconducting properties of the passive films formed on Alloy 690 in various film formation conditions were investigated by XPS, photocurrent measurement, and Mott-Schottky analysis. The XPS and photocurrent spectra showed that the passive films formed on Alloy 690 in pH 8.5 buffer solution at ambient temperature, in air at $400^{\circ}C$, and in PWR condition comprise $Cr_2O_3$, $Cr(OH)_3$, ${\gamma}-Fe_2O_3$, NiO, and $Ni(OH)_2$. The thermally grown oxide in air and the passive film formed at high potential (0.3 $V_{SCE}$) in pH 8.5 buffer solution were highly Cr-enriched, whereas the films formed in PWR condition and that formed at low potential (-0.3 $V_{SCE}$) in pH 8.5 buffer solution showed relatively high Ni content and low Cr content. The Mott-Schottky plots exhibited n-type semiconductivity, inferring that the semiconducting properties of the passive films formed on Alloy 690 in various film formation conditions are dominated by Cr-substituted ${\gamma}-Fe_2O_3$. The donor density, i.e., concentration of oxygen vacancy, was measured to be $1.2{\times}10^{21}{\sim}4.6{\times}10^{21}cm^{-3}$ and lowered with increase in the Cr content in the passive film.

• Nutritional Sciences
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• v.8 no.2
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• pp.89-96
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• 2005

To determine the deleterious effects of chronic alcohol consumption on bone especially in adolescents or young adults, 8 week-old Sprague Dawley male rats were fed with Lieber-Decarli ethanol liquid diet, containing $36\%$ of energy as ethanol, ad libitum (ethanol group) or isocaloric normal liquid diet (control group) for 7 weeks. Body weight was significantly lower in ethanol group than that in control group after 1 week of feeding to the end. liver weight and the ratio of liver or kidney weight to body weight in ethanol group were significantly increased when compared to those in control group. Ethanol group showed significantly lower serum protein and albumin levels (p<0.05), higher total cholesterol and HDL-cholesterol levels (p<0.05), and AST, ALT and BUN activities than control group, but serum triglyceride, Ca and phosphate levels were not different. Ethanol group had significantly lower tibial trabecular bone area and serum osteocalcin level than control group (p<0.05), but urinary Ca and NTx (cross-linked N-telopeptide of type I collagen) concentrations and serum testosterone and parathyroid hormone levels were not different. In conclusion, chronic alcohol consumption in growing young male rats may result in osteopenia through the reduction of bone formation as well as liver malfunction.

• Korean Journal of Veterinary Research
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• v.36 no.3
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• pp.627-633
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• 1996

To analyze the genomic diversity of transmissible gastroenteritis virus (TGEV), the N-terminal half of the spike (S) glycoprotein gene and nonstructural protein gene (open reading frames 3 and 3-1) were amplified by reverse transcriptase reaction and polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR), and analyzed using restriction fragment length polymorphism (RFLP) patterns of the amplified DNA. In this study, TGEV Miller (M6) and Purdue (P115) strains were used as reference strains, and two vaccine strains (MSV and STC3) and four Korea isolates (P44, VRI-WP, VRI-41, and VRI-48) were analyzed. All TGEV strains were amplified with three TGEV primer pairs. Although there was some exception in RFLP analysis, this method differentiated TGEV strains into following groups : Miller group (M6 and MSV), Purdue group (PUS, STC3, P44, VRI-WP, VRI-41, and VRI-48). Using Sau3AI and SspI, VRI-48 was differentiated from the Miller and Purdue type viruses. The RT/PCR in conjuction with RFLP analysis was a rapid and valuable tool for differentiating several strains of TGEV. This study revealed the occurences of distinct difference in genome of TGEV strains.

• Clinical and Experimental Pediatrics
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• v.52 no.2
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• pp.199-204
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• 2009

Purpose : Seizure associated with fever may indicate the presence of underlying inherited metabolic diseases. The present study was performed to investigate the presence of underlying metabolic diseases in patients with complex febrile seizures, using analyses of urine organic acids. Method : We retrospectively analyzed and compared the results of urine organic acid analysis with routine laboratory findings in 278 patients referred for complex febrile seizure. Results : Of 278 patients, 132 had no abnormal laboratory findings, and 146 patients had at least one of the following abnormal laboratory findings: acidosis (n=58), hyperammonemia (n=55), hypoglycemia (n=21), ketosis (n=12). Twenty-six (19.7 %) of the 132 patients with no abnormal findings and 104 (71.2%) of the 146 patients with statistically significant abnormalities showed abnormalities on the organic acid analysis (P<0.05). Mitochondrial respiratory chain disorders (n=23) were the most common diseases found in the normal routine laboratory group, followed by PDH deficiency (n=2) and ketolytic defect (n=1). In the abnormal routine laboratory group, mitochondrial respiratory chain disorder (n=29) was the most common disease, followed by ketolytic defects (n=27), PDH deficiency (n=9), glutaric aciduria type II (n=9), 3-methylglutaconic aciduria type III (n=6), biotinidase deficiency (n=5), propionic acidemia (n=4), methylmalonic acidemia (n=2), 3-hydroxyisobutyric aciduria (n=2), orotic aciduria (n=2), fatty acid oxidation disorders (n=2), 2-methylbranched chain acyl CoA dehydrogenase deficiency (n=2), 3-methylglutaconic aciduria type I (n=1), maple syrup urine disease (n=1), isovaleric acidemia (n=1), HMG-CoA lyase deficiency (n=1), L-2-hydroxyglutaric aciduria (n=1), and pyruvate carboxylase deficiency (n=1). Conclusion : These findings suggest that urine organic acid analysis should be performed in all patients with complex febrile seizure and other risk factors for early detection of inherited metabolic diseases.

• Asian-Australasian Journal of Animal Sciences
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• v.26 no.8
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• pp.1152-1159
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• 2013

Four male lambs (Katahdin; average live weight $25.9{\pm}2.9$ kg) with "T" type cannulas in the rumen and proximal duodenum were used in a $4{\times}4$ Latin square experiment to evaluate the influence of supplemental dry distillers grain with solubles (DDGS) levels (0, 10, 20 and 30%, dry matter basis) in substitution for dry-rolled (DR) corn on characteristics of digestive function and digestible energy (DE) of diet. Treatments did not influence ruminal pH. Substitution of DR corn with DDGS increased ruminal neutral detergent fiber (NDF) digestion (quadratic effect, p<0.01), but decreased ruminal organic matter (OM) digestion (linear effect, p<0.01). Replacing corn with DDGS increased (linear, $p{\leq}0.02$) duodenal flow of lipids, NDF and feed N. But there were no treatment effects on flow to the small intestine of microbial nitrogen (MN) or microbial N efficiency. The estimated UIP value of DDGS was 44%. Postruminal digestion of OM, starch, lipids and nitrogen (N) were not affected by treatments. Total tract digestion of N increased (linear, p = 0.04) as the DDGS level increased, but DDGS substitution tended to decrease total tract digestion of OM (p = 0.06) and digestion of gross energy (p = 0.08). However, it did not affect the dietary digestible energy (DE, MJ/kg), reflecting the greater gross energy content of DDGS versus DR corn in the replacements. The comparative DE value of DDGS may be considered similar to the DE value of the DR corn it replaced up to 30% in the finishing diets fed to lambs.

• Radiation Oncology Journal
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• v.13 no.1
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• pp.19-26
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• 1995

Purpose : Surgery is the treatment of choice for resectable non-small cell lung cancer. For patients who are medically unable to tolerate a surgical resection or who refuse surgery, radiation therapy is an acceptable alternative. A retrospective analysis of Patients with stage I non-samll cell lung cancer treated with curative radiation therapy was performed to determine the results of curative radiation therapy and patterns of failure, and to identify factors that may influence survival. Materials and Methods : From 1986 through 1993, 39 Patients with T2N0M0 non-small cell lung cancer were treated with curative radiation therapy at department of radiation oncology, Kyungpook national university hospital. All Patients were not candidates for surgical resection because of either Patient refusal (16 patients), poor pulmonary function (12 patients), old age (7 patients), Poor Performance (2 patients) or coexisting medical disease (2 patients). Median age of patients was 67 years. Histologic cell type was squamous cell carcinoma in 36, adenocarcinoma in 1, large cell carcinoma in 1 and mucoepidermoid carcinoma in 1. All patients were treated with megavoltage irradiation and radiation dose ranged from 5000cgy to 6150cGy with a median dose of 6000cGy. The median follow-up was 17 months with a range of 4 to 82 months, Survival was measured from the date therapy initiated. Results : The overall survival rate for entire Patients was $40.6\%$ at 2 years and $27.7\%$ at 3 years, with a median survival time of 21 months. The disease-free survival at 2 and 3 years was $51.7\%$ and $25.8\%$, respectively. Of evaluable 20 patients with complete response, 15 patients were considered to have failed. Of these, 13 patients showed local failure and 2 patients failed distantly. Response to treatment (p=0.0001), tumor size (p=0.0019) and age (p=0.0247) were favorably associated with overall survival. Only age was predictive for disease-free survival (p = 0.0452). Conclusion : Radiation therapy is an effective treatment for small (less than 3cm) tumors, and should be offered as an alternative to surgery in elderly or infirm patients. Since local failure is the prominent Patterns of relapse, potential methods to improve local control with radiation therapy are discussed.

• The Journal of Advanced Prosthodontics
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• v.3 no.1
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• pp.1-9
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• 2011

PURPOSE. This study investigated the strain of implants using a chewing simulator with strain gauges in mandibular implant-supported fixed prostheses under various dynamic loads. MATERIALS AND METHODS. Three implant-supported 5-unit fixed prostheses were fabricated with three different occlusion types (Group I: Canine protected occlusion, Group II: Unilaterally balanced occlusion, Group III: Bilaterally balanced occlusion). Two strain gauges were attached to each implant abutment. The programmed dynamic loads (0 - 300 N) were applied using a chewing simulator (MTS 858 Mini Bionix II systems, MTS systems corp., Minn, USA) and the strains were monitored. The statistical analyses were performed using the paired t-test and the ANOVA. RESULTS. The mean strain values (MSV) for the working sides were 151.83 ${\mu}{\varepsilon}$, 176.23 ${\mu}{\varepsilon}$, and 131.07 ${\mu}{\varepsilon}$ for Group I, Group II, and Group III, respectively. There was a significant difference between Group II and Group III (P < .05). Also, the MSV for non-working side were 58.29 ${\mu}{\varepsilon}$, 72.64 ${\mu}{\varepsilon}$, and 98.93 ${\mu}{\varepsilon}$ for Group I, Group II, and Group III, respectively. One was significantly different from the others with a 95% confidence interval (P < .05). CONCLUSION. The MSV for the working side of Groups I and II were significantly different from that for the non-working side (Group I: t = 7.58, Group II: t = 6.25). The MSV for the working side of Group II showed significantly larger than that of Group III (P < .01). Lastly, the MSV for the non-working side of Group III showed significantly larger than those of Group I or Group II (P < .01).

• Mycobiology
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• v.47 no.4
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• pp.441-448
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• 2019

Two new SAM-dependent methyltransferase encoding genes (fvsmt1 and fvsmt2) were identified from the genome of Flammulina velutipes. In order to make a comprehensive characterization of both genes, we performed in silico analysis of both genes and used qRT-PCR to reveal their expression patterns during the development of F. velutipes. There are 4 and 6 exons with total length of 693 and 978 bp in fvsmt2 and fvsmt1, respectively. The deduced proteins, i.e., FVSMT1 and FVSMT2 contained 325 and 230 amino acids with molecular weight 36297 and 24894 Da, respectively. Both proteins contained a SAM-dependent catalytic domain with signature motifs (I, p-I, II, and III) defining the SAM fold. SAM-dependent catalytic domain is located either in the middle or at the N-terminal of FVSMT2 and FVSMT1, respectively. Alignment and phylogenic analysis showed that FVSMT1 is a homolog to a protein-arginine omega-N-methyltransferase, while FVSMT2 is of cinnamoyl CoA O-methyltransferase type and predicted subcellular locations of these proteins are mitochondria and cytoplasm, respectively. qRT-PCR showed that fvsmt1 and fvsmt2 expression was regulated in different developmental stages. The maximum expression levels of fvsmt1 and fvsmt2 were observed in stipe elongation, while no difference was found in mycelium and pileus. These results positively demonstrate that both the methyltransferase encoding genes are involved in the stipe elongation of F. velutipes.