• 한국분무공학회지
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• 제6권3호
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• pp.38-44
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• 2001

The effect of four diesel fuels with oxygenated agents fuels on spray properties from plain-orifice atomizer was investigated. The oxygenates evaluated were diglyme, MTBE, DEE and DMM and were blended in weights of 5, 10, 15, 20 and 30% in a baseline diesel fuel. The physical properties such as surface tension, density and viscosity are also measured for each blended oxygenated fuels. It was found that changes in physical properties of fuels considered are enough to influence spray properties, i.e. spray angle, spray tip penetration and mean drop size. Spray properties were measured by PMAS(particle motion analysis system) which is employing a point measurement technology. Spray angle increased with increase in oxygenate content. The effect, however, was not great in the higher blend level. The oxygenated fuels produced more shorter spray tip penetration than diesel fuels. SMD was decreased with the increase in blending percent. SMD for DMM and DEE are represented 10.33 and 3.41% decreasing rates respectively. It was found that changes in spray characteristics of oxygenated fuel were easily large enough to impact pollutant emissions. It was clear from this study that spray characteristics of oxygenated fuel is one of possible cause of reducing pollutant emissions. It was clear from this study that spray characteristics of oxygenated fuel is one of possible cause of reducing pollutant emissions from diesel engines when oxygenated fuels is applied.

• 한국자동차공학회논문집
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• 제10권6호
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• pp.108-116
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• 2002

The diesel engine is one of the most effective transport options available in all sizes and covering a wide range of applications. But, many researchers developing the diesel engine are facing tough challenges in view of the increasingly lower emissions standards. Thus, this study will explore the possible fuel additive technology to further reduce the emissions from the IDI diesel engine. The purpose of this study is to investigate the effects of oxygenated fuels on the exhaust emissions and to attain a better trade-off relation between smoke and NOx in four cylinder diesel engine. Experiments were conducted with oxygenated fuels as an effective way to improve the combustion efficiency. Some of oxygenated fuel(Diglyme and DEE) were added to the conventional diesel fuel which had no an oxygen content. Also, EGR was adopted for reducing NOx without any strong adverse effects on other exhaust emissions. This study concluded that exhaust emissions in diesel engine could be reduced by adding the oxygenated fuels which had lower boiling point, and the combustion efficiency was also improved as the oxygen content in fuel increased.

• 한국자동차공학회논문집
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• 제10권3호
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• pp.101-110
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• 2002

In this paper, the effects of oxygen component in blended fuel on the exhaust emissions have been investigated far direct injection diesel engine. It was tested to estimate change of engine performance and exhaust emission characteristics for th? commercial diesel fuel and oxygenated blended fuels which have three kinds of fuels and various mixed rates. And, it was tried to analyze not only total hydrocarbon but individual hydrocarbons(C$_1$∼ C$\_$6/) in exhaust gases using gas chromatography to seek the reason far remarkable reduction of smoke emission on various oxygenated fuels. This study carried out by comparing the chromatogram with diesel fuel and diesel fuel blended DGM(diethylene glycol dimethyl ether), MTBE(methyl tart-butyl ether) and EGBE(ethylene glycol mono-n-butyl ether). The results of this study show that individual hydrocarbons as well as total hydrocarbon of oxygenated fuel are reduced remarkably compared with commercial diesel fuel.

• International Journal of Automotive Technology
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• 제8권2호
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• pp.179-184
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• 2007

In this study, the potential use of oxygenated fuels such as ethylene glycol mono-normal butyl ether (EGBE) was investigated in an attempt to reduce the emission of exhaust smoke from diesel engines. Effects of the combustion method on exhaust emission of DI and IDI diesel engines were also examined. Since EGBE is composed of approximately 27.1% oxygen, this is one of several potential oxygenated fuels that could reduce the smoke content of exhaust gas. EGBE blended fuels have been proven to reduce smoke emission remarkably compared to the conventional commercial fuels. The test was conducted with single and four cylinder, four stroke, DI and IDI diesel engines. The study showed that a simultaneous reduction of smoke and NOx emission could be achieved by the combination of oxygenated blend fuels and the cooled EGR method in both DI and IDI diesel engines. It was also found that a reduction rate of exhaust emission in a DI engine was larger than an IDI diesel engine.

• International Journal of Automotive Technology
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• 제6권3호
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• pp.197-203
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• 2005

This paper investigates the effect of oxygen composition in mixed fuel on the exhaust emissions for the direct injection diesel engine. These effects were tested to estimate the change in engine performance and exhaust emission characteristics when commercial diesel fuel and oxygenates blended fuels at a certain fuel and mixed ratio are used. Individual hydrocarbons $(C_1-C_6)$ in exhaust gases, as well as the total amount of hydrocarbons, were analyzed by using gas chromatography to find the mechanism by which smoke emission was remarkably reduced for various oxygenated fuels. The chromatograms between a diesel fuel and a diesel fuel blended DGM (diethylene glycol dimethyl ether), MTBE (methyl tert-butyl ether) and EGBE (ethylene glycol mono-n-butyl ether) were compared. The results showed that the number of individual hydrocarbons as well as the total number of hydrocarbons of oxygenated fuel reduced more remarkably than those of diesel fuel.

• 한국자동차공학회논문집
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• 제8권4호
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• pp.59-67
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• 2000

Recently the world is faced with the very serious problems related to the increasing use of the conventional petroleum fuels. THe air pollutions in big cities were also occurred by the exhaust emissions from automobiles. many researchers have been attracted various oxygenated fuels as an alternative fuel and a renewable fuel for the measure of these problems. In this study the effect of oxygen in fuel on the exhaust gas emissions has been investigated with oxygenated fuels as an alternative fuel for diesel engine. The exhaust gas emission were investigated by comparing with that of the diesel fuel. The vegetable fuel oil such as soybean oil gives lower smoke level than that with diesel fuel. Furthermore the smoke emission is more affected by the oxygen content in fuel than by the fuel viscosity. This study concluded that the fuels including oxygen might be a good measure to reduce smoke in diesel engine because the oxygen strongly influenced the combustion process.

• 한국자동차공학회논문집
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• 제11권4호
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• pp.44-51
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• 2003

By blending of various low boiling point oxygenated agents to lower grade fuels, significant improvements were simultaneously obtained in smoke, CO, PM, SOF and BSEC. Especially, our trends were remarkably obtained by retarding injection timing, by decreasing boiling point and increasing blending contents of additives in case of oxygenated agents rather than non-oxygenated agents. Also, it was revealed that when 20vo1.% DMM added to high viscosity fuels and injection timing was retarded, NOx-smoke trade off relationship was much better than that of ordinary diesel fuel. Thus, lower grade fuels with high viscosity could be expected to be used efficiently and cleanly in diesel operation by blending low boiling point oxygenates.

• Journal of Advanced Marine Engineering and Technology
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• 제29권6호
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• pp.662-670
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• 2005

With highly oxygenated fuels the smoke emissions decreased sharply and linearly with increases in the fuel oxygen content and entirely disappeared at an oxygen content of $38wt-\%$ even at stoichiometric mixture conditions The NOx also decreased monotonically with increases in oxygen content. and thermal efficiency slightly improved because of a reduction in cooling loss and improvement in the degree of constant volume combustion. The mechanisms of the significant reductions in emissions and improvement in engine performance were analyzed with a bottom view type DI diesel engine. Together with direct flame images, flame images were taken through an optical fetter passing only two wavelengths for use in 2-D two-color analysis. The results showed that luminous flame decreased significantly with increases in oxygen content and was not detected for neat dimethoxy methane(DMM). The decrease in flame luminosity with highly oxygenated fuels corresponds with decreases in soot and cooling losses, including those due to heat radiation. The 2-D two-color flame analysis indicated that the high temperature flame and high KL factor areas apparently decreased with increasing fuel oxygen content. These results correspond strongly with decreases in NOx. smoke. and cooling loss with increases in oxygen content.

• 에너지공학
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• 제13권1호
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• pp.20-27
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• 2004

본 연구에서는 고점도 저질유를 연료로 사용하는 디젤기관에 있어서 연료에 저비점 함산소물질을 혼합하였을 때의 배기배출물 특성변화에 대해 조사하였다. 실험은 6종류의 혼합물을 여러 혼합비로 베이스 연료에 첨가하여 기관 성능과 배기배출물 특성 변화에 대해 실시하였으며, 다음과 같은 결론을 얻었다. 저질유로의 저비점물질 흔합에 의해 매연 CO, PM, SOF 및 열소비율이 대폭적으로 개선되었다. 이러한 경향은 분사시기 지연시에 현저하였으며, 혼합물질의 비점이 낮을 수록 혼합비율이 클수록 또한 비함산소 물질보다는 함산소물질에 있어서 더 현저하였다. 또한, 저질유에 함산소물질 DMM을 20 vo1.% 흔합하고 연료분사시기를 지연시킬 경우에는 통상의 경유 운전을 상회하는 NOx-매연 트레이드 오프 관계가 얻어졌다. 따라서, 고점도의 저질유연료를 사용하는 디젤운전에 있어서도 저비점 함산소물질의 혼합에 의해 효과적이고 청정하게 사용될 수 있을 것으로 기대된다.

• Journal of Mechanical Science and Technology
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• 제17권2호
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• pp.310-317
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• 2003

The world is faced with a problem of air pollution due to the exhaust emissions from automobile. Recently, lots of researchers have been attracted to develope various alternative fuels and to use renewable fuels as a solution of these problems. There are many alternative fuels studied in place of diesel fuel made from petroleum. Biodiesel fuel (BDF) is a domestically produced. renewable fuel that can be manufactured from vegetable oils, used vegetable oils, or animal fats. In this study, the usability of BDF, one of the oxygenated fuels as an alternative fuel for diesel engines was investigated in an IDI diesel engine. Emissions were characterized with a neat BDF and with a blend of BDF and conventional diesel fuel. Since the BDF includes oxygen of about 11 %, it could influence the combustion process strongly. Therefore, the use of BDF resulted in lower emissions of carbon monoxide and smoke emissions with some increase in emissions of oxides of nitrogen. It is concluded that BDF can be utilized effectively as a renewable fuel for IDI diesel engines.