• Journal of Korean Biological Nursing Science
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• 제3권2호
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• pp.35-50
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• 2001

This study was conducted for the evaluation of the effects of singing program combined with physical exercise on the physiologic changes, perception function and degree of depression. The subjects were the members of elderly women's glee club in D care center for the elderly, who have been singing for more than 6 months. 30 members were allocated to study group and 30 to control group. The singing program designed for both physical therapy and music therapy was consisted of initial physical exercise, singing art songs and classical song and the finishing physical exercise. This program was performed twice a week and about forth minutes was consumed for one session. We checked the heart rate, peripheral arterial oxygen saturation, perception function and degree of depression before and after the program. We used a pulse oxymeter to check the heart rate to oxygen saturation and a questionnaire for the evaluation of perception function and degree of depression. We need SPSS program for data analysis. The results of the investigated personnel complying with general characteristics were analyzed by frequency, two groups by t-test, data before and after the program by paired t-test, respectively. The results were as follows. 1) Heart rate after the program was significantly lower than that before program in test group(p<0.05). 2) Peripheral oxygen saturation after the program was significantly higher than that before the program(p<0.05). 3) Ability to match the right sign with a certain predetermined number was improved after the program. The frequency of wrong matching the sign with number before program was 30. But the frequency was decreased to 8 after the program. 4) Ability to calculate was improved after the program. The frequency of wrong calculation before the program was $1.10{\pm}1.94$. But the frequency after the program was decreased to $0.97{\pm}1.84$. 5) The degree of depression after the program($2.07{\pm}0.49$) was significantly lower than that before program(p<0.001). These results show that singing program combined with physical exercise improves the oxygen delivery to peripheral circulation, stability of heart function, the perception function(calculating and matching ability) and decreases the degree of depression. In conclusion, singing program combined with physical exercise can be used for the effective measure to improve the health of elderly and prevent dementia.

• 한국의학물리학회지:의학물리
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• 제11권2호
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• pp.157-165
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• 2000

목적: 방사선조사에 의해 형성된 DNA 손상정도가 산소에 의해 변화되는 추세을 이론적 모델을 이용하여 평가 및 분석하였다. 방법 및 대상: Water radiolysis(물의 방사성분해)시 생성되는 유리기 들간의 반응, 손상된 DNA의 형성, 손상의 복구, 및 산소에 의한 손상의 고정들을 시간 미분 방정식을 이용하여 표현하였다. 문헌에 나와 있는 반응상수(rate constants)들은 그대로 사용되었고 알려지지 않은 상수들은 실험에서 얻어진 데이터에서 얻은 곡선을 대입하여 얻었다. 화학반응상수 변화와 산소농도변화에 따른 세포 생존도를 구하였다. 모델을 통해 얻어진 세포 생존도와 방사선량의 상관관계를 세포 생존곡선으로 표시하였다. 산소에 의한 손상의 fixation(고착화)과정과 산소농도가 세포생존에 미치는 영향을 분석하여 보았다. 산소가 세포생존에 미치는 정도를 정량화 하기 위하여 산소증가효과비(Oxygen Ehhancement Ratio, OER)를 계산하여 실험치와 이론치를 비교하였다. 결과: 산소에 대한 민감성 연구에서 DNA생존도는 산소의 농도와 화학반응속도상수에 영향을 받았다. 산소의 농도가 0에서 1.0 $\times$ $10^{7}$ 으로 변화할 때 세포 생존도에는 변화가 없었다. 그러나 1.0 x $10^{7}$ 에서 1.0 $\times$ $10^{10}$ 변화할 경우 세포의 생존률이 감소하였다. 모의연구에서 얻은 OER치는 10% 세포생존시에는 2.32, 45% 세포생존시에는 1.9 이었다. 결론: 산소의 감수성 연구에서 보여주듯이 방정식을 이용하여 얻어진 새포생존곡선은 실험에서 얻어진 세포생존곡선을 재연할 수 있었다 또한 방사선조사시 생성되는 손상된 세포의 양은 산소 반응상수가 가장 크고 산소농도가 증가되는 경우에 증가됨을 알수있었다. 모의연구에서 얻은 산소증가효과비는 세포생존이 low level인 경우 높은 일치성을 보여 주었다 따라서 본 연구는 세포살해시 산소의 효과를 semi-empirical 모델을 사용하여 예측할수 있다는 것을 보여주고 있다.

• Journal of Chest Surgery
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• 제31권7호
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• pp.643-649
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• 1998

장기간 산소 호흡치료가 필요한 만성호흡부전증 환자에서 가정내 산소 농축기의 사용은 이미 보편화 되어있고 적응 및 사용빈도도 증가추세에 있다. 본 연구팀이 최근 개발한 국산 산소농축기의 성능검사와 보완점을 찾기위해 이미 시판되어 사용중인 외국산 산소농축기(FOR LIFE\ulcorner, Air Sep Corp. USA)와 비교 분석하여 효용성 및 안정성을 검증하고자 하였다. 기계적 성능 시험으로는 제작한 시제품과 외굿산 산소농축기를 4시간 연속 작동후 발생되는 산소농도를 측정하였으며, 동물실험은 잡견 16마리를 각 군당 8마리씩 A군, B군으로 나누어 A군은 외국산 산소농축기로, B군은 자체 개발한 산소농축기로 분당 5 리터의 산소를 공급하여 기본활력증후, 동맥혈 가스분석 및 혈액 화학 검사 등을 검사하였다. 4시간 연속 작동후 발생하는 산소 농도는 외산 98$\pm$3%, 국산 91$\pm$1 %로 외산이 우수하였다. 동물실험에서 산소 공급후 1, 2, 3, 4시간에 산소마스크 주입구에서 측정한 산소 농도는 A군에서 각각 70.6$\pm$2.5%, 67.1$\pm$2.9%, 68.2$\pm$2.6%, 64.9$\pm$3.9%, B군에서는 65.1$\pm$4.8%, 65.2$\pm$3.6%, 68.7$\pm$4.3%, 66.0$\pm$5.0%로 두 군간에 유의한 차이를 보이지 않았으며 (반복측정 분산분석 p=0.70), 산소투여 전 및 투여 후 1, 2, 3, 4 시간의 동맥혈 산소분압은 A군에서 각각 87.2$\pm$2.5 mmHg, 347.4$\pm$29.3 mmHg, 353.4$\pm$21.2 mmHg, 343.0$\pm$28.8 mmHg, 321.6$\pm$24.4 mmHg, B군에서 각각 102.5$\pm$9.6 mmHg, 300.3$\pm$17.1 mmHg, 321.6$\pm$23.7 mmHg, 303.4$\pm$27.4 mmHg, 273.5$\pm$25.9 mmHg로 비록 통계적 유의성은 없었으나(p=0.24) 외산 산소 농축기를 사용한 군에서 동맥혈 산소분압이 다소 높은 경향을 보였다. 이상으로부터 본연구팀이 현재 개발중인 국산 산소 농축기의 시제품의 성능을 시험한 결과 외산 산소 농축기와 비교하여 비교적 만족스러운 성능을 보였으나 소음, 내구성 등의 개선할 부분이 지적되었다.

• 대한물리치료과학회지
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• 제23권1호
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• pp.9-17
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• 2016

Background and Purpose : Effects of smokers's jogging exercises on oxygen uptake, ventilation, heart rate, and vital-capacity of normal adults have not been studied in details on. In this study, people that had completed the established jogging exercises was selected for the study. We could examine the effects of imposed jogging in smokers who might be considered by an experienced physical therapist to be well practiced and proficient in this exercises. Subjects and Methods : A total number of 24 young healthy subjects participated in a randomized crossover controlled study and completed the study. The subjects of this study were divided into jogging and controlled groups which were composed 14 people respectively. The members of exercise group had jogging exercises 50 minutes a day, five times a week, for 5 weeks in same conditions, otherwise controlled group did not. Results : The results of this study were as follows. The jogging group demonstrated significant increases in cardiopulmonary function, vital-capacity and exercise capacity, compared with control group, which demonstrated no change in baseline measurements of 5 weeks. Conclusion : Jogging exercises can increase cardiopulmonary function in people after they have undergone successful PA. These results suggested that it was improved on cardiopulmonary function and lung capacity, since jogging exercise had. The results of this study could be applied for valuable criterion cardiopulmonary function. It is necessary to selects in various groups of the purpose of enhancing confidence in of this research.

• 대한의용생체공학회:의공학회지
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• 제32권4호
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• pp.319-327
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• 2011

Skeletal muscle fatigue is defined as a 'any reduction in the maximal capacity to generate force or power output', and is the reduction of oxygen consumption and by-product of metabolism. For the muscle fatigue therapy, low level laser has been introduced that leads the mitochondrial respiratory and attributes the muscle fatigue recovery. This study analyzed the muscle fatigue signals from electromyography(EMG) during low-level laser therapy (LLLT). Healthy subjects performed voluntary elbow flexion-extension excercise and received placebo LLLT and active LLLT using a 830 nm laser diode. Then, EMG were measured for the evaluation of muscle fatigue. The acquired EMG data were analyzed with median frequency and short time fourier transform methods. The results showed that the LLLT had a significant symptomatic relief of muscle fatigue based on the EMG frequency analysis. Therefore, the muscle fatigue analysis with EMG signals can be applied to quantitative evaluation for the monitoring of LLLT effects.

• 한국간호교육학회지
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• 제13권1호
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• pp.82-89
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• 2007

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to develop and evaluate an e-Learning Program designed to enhance novice nurses's performance ability Method: The e-Learning program was designed for novice nurses before beginning to work in a hospital using a KMS(Knowledge Management System). This study was carried out from February 2006 to April 2007. The program had progressive steps including design, pilot test & modification, contents development, program application and evaluation. After the program design and pilot testing, the learner's satisfaction was analyzed. Result: The program site is http://kms.emc.ac.kr titled, 'Cyber Education Center'. The sixteen part course has been developed as follows: blood sugar test, skin test, insulin test 1, insulin test 2, blood culture, blood sampling, heat therapy, cold therapy, glycerin enema, preparation of operation, oxygen therapy, suction technique, transfusion, foley catheterization and aseptic technique. The overall learner's satisfaction score was 4.08 out of 5 points. Conclusion: E-Learning could be useful for education and nursing work. This method may be effective for clinical nurses.

• Molecular & Cellular Toxicology
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• 제2권1호
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• pp.1-6
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• 2006

Photodynamic therapy (PDT), a newly established treatment for solid tumors, involves the systemic administration of a tumor localizing photosensitizer that is only activated when exposed to light of appropriate wavelength. Photoactivation of photosensitizer in the presence of oxygen results in the formation of highly cytotoxic molecular species, which precipitates necrosis. PDT has now become a promising means for the treatment of cancer due to its specificity, relatively minimal side effects, and inexpensive. However, the application of PDT has been restricted to the treatment of superficial lesions or the use of interstitial light delivery. A single photon generally activates the photochemical reaction in traditional PDT. However the use of multi photon excitation, where two or more photons simultaneously excite a photosensitizer, allows for the use of wavelengths twice as long. Such wavelengths exhibit better transmittance through tissue and thereby deeper penetration is achieved. This paper will review theoretical principles of multi photon excitation, challenges associated with multi photon PDT and update the current and future role of multi photon PDT in cancer.

• The Journal of Korean Physical Therapy
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• 제31권3호
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• pp.157-160
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• 2019

Purpose: We compared the activation pattern of the mirror neurons (MN) between two types of hand movement according to action observation using functional MRI. Methods: Twelve right-handed healthy subjects (5 male and 7 female, mean age $21.92{\pm}2.02years$) participated in the experiment. During fMRI scanning, subjects underwent two different stimuli on the screen: 1) video clips showing repeated grasping and releasing of the ball via simple hand movement (SHM), and (2) video clips showing an actor performing a Purdue Pegboard test via complex hand movement (CHM). paired t-test in statistical parametric mapping (SPM) was used to compare the activation differences between the two types of hand movement. Results: CHM as compared with the SHM produced a higher blood oxygen level dependent (BOLD) signal response in the right superior frontal gyrus, left inferior and superior parietal lobules, and lingual gyrus. However, no greater BOLD signal response was found by SHM compared with CHM (FWE corrected, p<0.05). Conclusion: Our findings provided that the activation patterns for observation of SHM and CHM are different. CHM also elicited boarder or stronger activations in the brain, including inferior parietal lobule called the MN region.

• 대한방사성의약품학회지
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• 제9권1호
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• pp.35-41
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• 2023

Photodynamic therapy (PDT), in which a photosensitizer (PS), light, and molecular oxygen are essential components, is a non-invasive and highly effective cancer therapeutic method. However, PDT suffers from the penetration limit of light caused by attenuation and scattering of light through tissues constraining its use to skin and endoscopically accessible cancers. Cerenkov luminescence (CL) is defined as the light illuminated when charged particles move in a dielectric medium at a velocity greater than the phase velocity of light. It is known that medical radioisotopes in preclinical and clinical settings have enough energy to generate CL, and lately, CL has been exploited as an excitation source for PDT without external light illumination. This review introduces state of the art studies of radioisotope-based PDT for cancer, in which radioisotopes are utilized as a light source.

• 인간식물환경학회지
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• 제22권5호
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• pp.505-513
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• 2019

As the number of foreign workers increases in Korea, people's interest in their adaptation to this society has also increased. The purpose of this study was to investigate the effect of a forest-healing program on foreign workers' cultural adaptation stress and psychological wellbeing. The experiment was conducted in a recreation forest located in Hongcheon-gun, Gangwon-do. The subjects who participated in this study included 40 foreign workers (16 males, 24 females). The experiment was conducted for three days and two nights from June 26 to 28, 2019. The forest healing program was composed of activities that can enhance immunity and restore physical and mental health by utilizing various healing environmental factors such as landscapes, sunlight, anion and oxygen in forest. The independent sample t-test was conducted to examine changes in cultural adaptation stress and psychological well-being before and after the program. The collected data were analyzed using SPSS 18.0 program. As a result, cultural adaptation stress was statistically significantly reduced in sub-factors including discrimination experience, language conflict and legal status. Psychological wellbeing improved in all the surveyed sub-factors such as self-confidence, ego, immersion, and joy. The results of this study are expected to be used as basic data for reducing the stress foreign workers experience from cultural adaptation and restoring their psychological wellbeing in the future.