• 대한한방소아과학회지
• /
• 제25권2호
• /
• pp.73-87
• /
• 2011

Objectives: This study is to investigate life style and weight control based on the body mass index, and tongue diagnosis in adolescent girls. Help controling unnecessary weight and establishing proper understanding of desirable body images and healthy life for adolescents are expected. Methods: The questionnaire surveys and physical examinations were conducted to examine the life style, weight-control behaviors, and the health status of 173 adolescent girls in Jeonju. Among the students surveyed, 162 answered seriously and were accepted as subjects for the study. Results: 1. The mean height was 160.4 cm and weight was 54.21 kg. The mean BMI of the girls was 21.1 kg/m2, which is normal. The percentages of the normal weight group (71.6%), overweight group (16.7%), obesity group (9.9%), underweight group (1.9%) were shown respectively. 2. The oriental medicine doctor examined the tongue diagnosis. The thin and white tongue fur was the most common (20.7%). This diagnosis showed no statistical significance to BMI. 3. The ideal height for the girls was 165 cm, and the ideal weight was 49 kg. 4. A considerable number of girls (50.6%) thought that a thin body figure was the most beautiful body shape for the women. 5. Even though the percentages of an actual overweight or obese group were 26.6%, 42.0% of the girls thought that they were plump. 6. 94.83% of the normal weight group concerned about the weight regulation. 7. Many girls were dissatisfied with their own body shape, and 86.9% of girls regarded being in a shape was important. 70.69% of the normal weight group answered that they were under stress of their body shapes. Conclusions: The findings of this study demonstrate that there are serious misconceptions on body shapes of the adolescent girls, and mostly, unnecessary and inadequate weight control behaviors were done. Therefore, establishing adequately education on their desirable body images and healthy life is needed for the adolescent girls. In this study, there is no significant relationship between BMI and tongue diagnosis. For the number of subjects is not enough, further study on the relationship between the two is expected.

• 한국응용과학기술학회지
• /
• 제38권4호
• /
• pp.1117-1128
• /
• 2021

본 연구의 목적은 에너지 소비 및 심폐 능력 향상을 위한 고강도 유산소 운동, 근력 및 근지구력 강화를 위한 서킷 트레이닝, 생활 습관 변화 교육으로 구성된 4주간의 건강증진 중재 프로그램이 과체중 또는 비만 초등학생의 비만도, 체력수준, 인슐린 저항성 및 대사증후군 미치는 영향을 조사하는데 있다. 과체중 또는 비만 아동 23명을 비만군으로, 정상체중 아동 15명을 정상군으로 선발하였다. 건강증진 프로그램은 총 4주간, 주 3일, 1일 2시간의 운동시간과 1시간의 교육으로 구성되었다. 비만도(체질량지수, 허리둘레, 체지방률), 체력(근력, 근지구력, 유연성, 심폐체력), 인슐린 저항성 및 대사증후군 위험요인(혈압, 공복 혈당, 중성지방, 고밀도 지단백 콜레스테롤)을 측정하였다. 프로그램 참여 후, 비만도의 유의미한 감소는 없었지만, 비만 아동의 체력수준, 인슐린 저항성 및 대사 증후군 위험 요인은 상당한 개선이 있었다. 결과적으로 여름캠프 참여를 통해 비만 초등학생의 체력수준 향상, 인슐린 저항성 감소 및 대사증후군 위험요인의 빈도 감소에 효과가 있는 것으로 밝혀졌다.

• Journal of the Korean Association of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgeons
• /
• 제49권5호
• /
• pp.252-261
• /
• 2023

Objectives: Patients undergoing oral surgery exhibit high anxiety, which may elevate their cortisol levels and affect postoperative recovery. Overweight patients are often encountered in the dental clinic due to the increasing prevalence of overweight. We aimed to investigate the relationships between preoperatively assessed body mass index (BMI), serum cortisol and high-sensitivity C-reactive protein (hs-CRP) levels, and visual analog scale (VAS) scores and preoperative anxiety in patients undergoing mandibular third molar (MM3) extraction and to identify predictors of postoperative complications. Patients and Methods: We analyzed 43 patients (age, 20-42 years) undergoing MM3 extraction. At the first visit, patients completed the Modified Dental Anxiety Scale (MDAS) and Amsterdam Preoperative Anxiety and Information Scale (APAIS) questionnaires. Their BMI and VAS scores were also calculated. The participants underwent blood tests 1 hour before MM3 extraction. On the first postoperative day, the participants' VAS scores and serum hs-CRP levels were reevaluated. Results: We found that BMI was significantly correlated with preoperative VAS scores. Further, BMI and preoperative hs-CRP levels were significantly correlated among women and patients undergoing extractions of fully impacted MM3s. No correlations were found between serum cortisol and other variables. The preoperative MDAS and VAS scores were significantly positively correlated, especially among patients undergoing extractions of fully impacted MM3s. Multiple linear regression showed that BMI and the eruption status of the MM3 were significant predictors of postoperative hsCRP levels and VAS scores, respectively. Conclusion: In MM3 removals, patients with higher BMI showed elevated hs-CRP and higher VAS scores before surgery. Patients with higher anxiety among those undergoing extractions of fully impacted MM3s showed higher preoperative VAS scores. The two main predictors of postoperative complications were BMI and MM3 eruption status.

• 한국식품영양과학회지
• /
• 제33권5호
• /
• pp.832-838
• /
• 2004

본 연구는 성인 비만 여성을 대상으로 45일 동안$\beta$-cyclodextrin을 함유하는 다이어트 식품(antifat diets)의 섭취시 체중， 비만도, 체질량지수, 체지방율, 신체둘레 및 혈액지질수준의 변화를 관찰하였다. Antifat diet섭취 전과 비교하였을 때 antifat diets 섭취 후 체중 3 kg 감소, 비만도 5% 감수 체질량지수 1 kg/$m^2$ 감소, 체지방율 7% 감소가 실제측정치로써 나타났으며, 이를 감소율로써 나타냈을 때 체중 4%, 비만도 13%, 체질량지수 4%, 체지방율 20%의 감소효과가 있었으며 통계적 유의성이 있었다(p<0.05). Antifat diets섭취 전과 비교하였을 때 antifat diets 섭취 후 상위 팔둘레 3 cm 감소, 허리둘레 3 cm 감소, 엉덩이 둘레 3 cm 감소 및 허벅지 둘레 3 cm가 실제 측정치로서 감소하였고, 이를 감소율로써 나타냈을 때 상위팔둘레 8%, 허리둘레 3.4%, 엉덩이둘레 3% 및 허벅지둘레 5%의 감소효과를 보였으며 통계적으로 유의성이 있었다(p<0.05). Antifat diets를 45일간 섭취하였을 경우 antifat diets 섭취 전에 비하여 중성지방 103 mg/dL감소, 총콜레스테롤 50 mg/dL 감소, LDL-C 50 mg/dL 감소가 실제 측정치로써 나타났으며, 이를 감소율로서 나타냈을 때 중성 지 방 40%, 총콜레스테롤 24%, LDL-C 37% 및 동맥경화지수 31%까지 유의적으로 감소하였다(p<0.05). 따라서 $\beta$-cyclodextrin이 비만방지 및 과체중 조절을 위한 새로운 다이어트 식음소재로서 충분히 활용될 수 있음을 알 수 있었다.

• 대한영양사협회학술지
• /
• 제14권1호
• /
• pp.64-76
• /
• 2008

The purpose of this study was to investigate the change of body composition, biochemical index level, resting metabolic rate and daily activities by the public health center's health-promoted program in overweight middle aged women. The workout program of 12 subjects constituted by exercise(aerobic exercise & resistance training) and nutritional education for 10 weeks. As the results, there was a significant decrease in all the weight(59.0$\pm$8.9 vs 57.2$\pm$8.3kg, p<0.05), body fat percentage(33.4$\pm$4.3 vs 30.5$\pm$4.5%, p<0.05) and body fat mass(19.8$\pm$5.4 vs 17.7$\pm$4.9kg, p<0.05) after program. Fat free mass and RMR which tend to be higher after than before program were found not to be significantly. In addition, the serum HDL-cholesterol(54.3$\pm$8.1 vs 59.7$\pm$13.9mg/dl, p<0.05) and TG level(65.2$\pm$418 vs 89.4$\pm$65.6mg/dl, p<0.05) of the subjects increased at the end of the study significantly and significant correlation found between total-cholesterol and TG before program. When the other laboratory parameter were compared before and after program, hematocrit(35.1$\pm$3.3 vs 39.7$\pm$3.3%, p<0.001), platelet(225.9$\pm$49.6 vs 244.3$\pm$49.7cell/ul, p<0.05) and fasting glucose(88.0$\pm$6.5 vs 76.6$\pm$9.7mg/dl, p<0.001) increased significantly but hemoglobin(13.3$\pm$1.3 vs 12.9$\pm$1.3mg/dl, p<0.01) decreased. And in activities analysis, 'moderate activity(18.8 vs 5.8minutes, p<0.05)' clearly showed a significant decrease but 'severe activity(17.7 vs 11.4minutes, p<0.05)' showed a increase. These results suggest that continuous health-promoted program involved exercise and nutritional education at the public health center are effective to reduce body fat and to improve resting metabolic rate(RMR). Further research is required to develop more effective public health program for the middle aged women in community.

• 대한지역사회영양학회지
• /
• 제15권3호
• /
• pp.329-341
• /
• 2010

The purpose of this study was to examine vegetable & fruit (V/F) intakes, beliefs and self-efficacy regarding V/F consumption, nutrition knowledge and eating behavior of elementary students. A survey was conducted to the 4th graders (n = 234) at two elementary schools in Guri, Kyunggi-do. About one-fourth of subjects were overweight or obese. Subjects had 4.2 servings of V/F a day, consuming 340.2 g of V/F. Girls consumed significantly more amounts of vegetables than boys (p < 0.05). Girls were more favorable regarding V/F consumption (p < 0.01), and believed more strongly on advantages of having V/F such as “good for skin” constipation prevention (p < 0.001) and cancer prevention (p < 0.05). Boys felt more strongly in disadvantages or barriers of eating V/F, including mother's cooking time constraints (p < 0.01), lack of past experience of eating V/F, and family members' disliking of V/F (p < 0.05). Girls felt more confident in eating V/F (p < 0.05) than boys; they also felt more confident in specific items of "eating fruits/salads instead of cookies/chips for snack" and "eating fruit juice/vegetable juice instead of soda"(p < 0.01). Subjects showed low level of nutrition knowledge, especially in items such as balanced meals, recommended servings of V/F and vitamin deficiency. Compared to boys, girls had more desirable eating behavior such as eating adequate amount of meals (p < 0.001), having a variety of foods, eating fruits daily, and having fatty foods less frequently (p < 0.05). Intakes of Ca and K were quite below the recommended level, while the intakes of protein, Na and vitamin A intake were much above the Dietary Reference Intakes (DRI) for 9-11 old children. Nutrient intakes expressed as %DRI was higher in girls for vitamin A (p < 0.01), energy and riboflavin (p < 0.05). High V/F consumption group (${\geq}5$ servings of V/F a day) compared to the counterparts showed higher self-efficacy and had better eating behaviors. Nutrition education for children should focus on increasing consumption of V/F, by helping them to increase self-efficacy for eating V/F and to recognize the benefits and reduce the barriers of eating V/F, especially in boys. It is also needed to provide nutrition information for balanced meals or increasing V/F consumption, and help the children to adopt desirable eating behavior.

• 대한지역사회영양학회지
• /
• 제14권3호
• /
• pp.266-276
• /
• 2009

The purpose of this study was to implement and evaluate the nutrition education program for elementary school children Subjects were 5th graders (n = 142) of an elementary school in Seoul, and 138 children completed four sessions of nutrition education during March-April, 2008. One group pretest-posttest design was used to evaluate the program effectiveness. Anthropometric measurements and measurements on nutrition knowledge, eating attitudes and eating behavior were done before and after education. Data were analyzed using paired t-test, t-test and ${\chi}^2-test$. After completing nutrition education, body mass index (from 19.3 to 18.9), fat mass (from 10.9 kg to 10.1 kg), percent body fat (from 25% to 23.3%) of subjects decreased significantly (p < 0.001). Percentages of overweight or obese children were 24.6% at pretest and decreased to 20.3% at posttest, although it did not reach statistical significance. Total score of nutrition knowledge increased significantly from 11.9 (59.5/100) at pretest to 14.7 (73.5/100) at posttest (p < 0.001). After nutrition education, percentages of correct answers increased significantly in 10 knowledge items out of 20 items. These included items such as desirable weight control, energy requirements for boys, food groups, snack, and function of fat and balanced meals (p < 0.001). Total score of eating attitudes increased significantly from 35.1 to 36.9 (p < 0.001). Attitude of applying nutrition knowledge to daily life (p < 0.001), interest toward nutrition and health (p < 0.001), attitude of moderating food intake (p < 0.01), and attitude toward eating habit and future health (p < 0.05) were significantly different between pretest and posttest. Total score of eating behaviors increased significantly from 46.7 (possible score: 20-60) to 49.5 by nutrition education (p < 0.001). Improvement in eight eating behaviors were noticed after nutrition education. These included eating meals slowly, eat protein foods (p < 0.001), eating breakfast, eating meals regularly, eating meals with diverse foods, having dairy foods, eating foods using plant oils (p < 0.01), and having grains (p < 0.05). Subjects evaluated quite positively in attractiveness of program, understanding of program contents, helpfulness of program in improving nutrition knowledge and meal management. Study results show that the nutrition education program was effective in improving nutrition knowledge, eating attitudes and changing eating behaviors of children. This program can be used in nutrition education of children at school or at public health centers.

• 농촌의학ㆍ지역보건
• /
• 제32권1호
• /
• pp.13-26
• /
• 2007

Objectives: This study was conducted to investigate the association between health risk factors and mortality in Juam cohort. Methods: The subjects were 1,447 males and 1,889 females who had been followed up for 68.5 months to 1 January 2001. Whether they were alive or not was confirmed by the mortality data of the National Statistical Office. A total of 289 persons among them died during the follow-up period. The Cox's proportional hazard regression model was used for survival analysis. Results: Age, type of medical insurance, self cognitive health level, habit of alcohol drinking, smoking, exercise and BMI level were included in Cox's proportional hazard model by gender. The hazard ratio of age was 1.07(95% CI: 1.05-1.10) in men, 1.09(95% CI: 1.06-1.12) in women. The hazard ratio of medical aid(lower socioeconomic state) was 1.43(95% CI 1.02-2.19) in women. The hazard ratios of current alcohol drinking and current smoking were respectively 1.69(95% CI: 1.01-2.98), 1.52(95% CI: 1.02-2.28) in women. The hazard ratio of underweight was 1.56(95% CI 1.08-2.47) in men. The hazard ratios of underweight, normoweight, overweight, and obesity were respectively 1.63(95% CI: 1.02-2.67), 1.0(referent), 0.62(95% CI: 0.32-1.63), 1.27(95% CI: 0.65-3.06), which supported the U-shaped relationship between body mass index and mortality among the men over 65. Conclusions: The health risk factors increasing mortality were age, underweight in male, age, lower socioeconomic state, current alcohol drinking, current smoking in female. To evaluate long-term association between health risk factors and mortality, further studies need to be carried out.

• Journal of Nutrition and Health
• /
• 제45권1호
• /
• pp.57-63
• /
• 2012

This study investigated the relationship between total sugar intake and obesity indices in 362 female university students. This study was conducted using an anthropometric checkup and 3-day dietary records. Subjects were categorized according to the total sugar intake as < 33.3 g (group I, n = 90), 33.3-56.1 g (group II, n = 91), 56.1-83.8 g (group III, n = 91), ${\geq}$ 83.8 g (group IV, n = 90). No significant differences in age, weight, height, body mass index (BMI), or the percentage of body fat were observed among the four groups. Based on BMI, 20.2% were overweight, and the percentage of body fat was > 30% in 67.1% of all students sampled. Energy intake in each groups was 1,164.7 kcal, 1,488.6 kcal, 1,590.0 kcal, and 1795.8 kcal, respectively (p < 0.001). Total sugar intake in the groups was 20.5 g, 44.6 g, 68.3 g, and 111.8 g, respectively (p < 0.001). Carbonated beverages were identified as the most significant food source for total sugar intake in female university students. The next major foods were ice cream, milk, coffee, fruit, sugar, cookies, bread, chocolate, corn syrup, rice, onion, maple syrup, pickle, and sweet potato. As intake of total sugar increased, intake of energy also increased significantly. Mean daily intakes of fat and calcium/1,000 kcal were significantly higher in group IV than those in the other groups. Mean daily intakes of vitamin C and vitamin E/1,000 kcal were significantly higher in group III than those in the other groups. The percentage of subjects who consumed nutrients below the estimated average requirement was less in the higher total sugar intake group than that in the lower intake group. The obesity indices (weight, BMI, % body fat) were not associated with total sugar intake in the subjects. We conclude that total sugar intake does not seem to influence obesity indices in female university students.

• Journal of Nutrition and Health
• /
• 제35권4호
• /
• pp.480-488
• /
• 2002

본 연구는 노인에게서 여러 가지 질병의 위험요인인 비만도에 따른 식생활 패턴을 조사하여 비만과 식이와의 관계를 살펴보고자 수행하였다. 1) 본 연구 대상 노인들은 교육수준이 높았고, 음주와 흡연율은 낮고 운동을 하고 있는 비율은 높아 건강에 많은 관심을 갖고 있는 집단이었다. BMI 및 삼두박근 피부두겹두께등은 우리나라 노인을 대상으로 이루어진 타 조사 결과에 비해 높은 경향을 보였다. 2) 식이섭취조사 결과 에너지와 칼슘 비타민 A, 비타민 B$_2$, 비타민 I의 섭취량이 권장량에 못 미치는 것으로 나타났고, 여자노인의 경우 철분 섭취량이 낮았다. 3) 식생활 진단 도구로 사용한 건강식이지표 (HEI) 조사 결과 남자 노인보다 여자 노인의 식생활이 양호한 것으로 보이며, 전반적으로 남자 노인은 다양한 식품을 섭취하고 규칙적인 식사하고 있었으며, 여자 노인은 채소와 과일을 많이 섭취하고 있는 것으로 나타났다. 4) 조사대상 노인의 BMI를 기준으로 정상군 과체중군, 비만군으로 나누었을 때 남녀 노인 모두 연령 보정 후 BMI가 증가할수록 WHR은 증가하여 노인성 질환의 위험도 함께 상승한다고 사료된다. 5) 연령 보정 후 남자 노인의 경우 Ca을 제외한 모든 영양소 섭취량이 각 군간에 유의적인 차이가 없었다. 그러나 에너지를 비롯한 대부분 영양소의 섭취량이 과체중군에서 가장 높고 정상군에서 낮은 경향을 보였다. 여자 노인에서도 과체중군에서 대부분의 영양소 섭취량이 높았으나, 비만군에서는 정상군에 비해 저조하게 나타났고, 섬유소, 비타민 A, 비타민 B$_2$, 엽산, 비타민 B$_{12}$는 과체중군에서 유의적으로 높았다. 콜레스테롤은 남자 노인의 경우 비만군에서 220 mg/day 정도로 가장 높은 섭취량을 보였으나 서양에서 염려하는 위험수준은 아니었다. 본 연구 결과 BMI가 높을수록, WHR과 피부두겹두께가 높아 복부지방과 피하지방이 많으며 혈압이 높은 것으로 나타났다. 그러나 비만한 노인에게서 반드시 에너지 섭취량이 높은 것은 아니었으므로, 노인 비만의 문제는 단순히 식품 섭취량에서 원인을 찾기보다는 노화로 인한 대사적인 문제와 생활 양식에 의한 영향이 클 것으로 추정된다. 그러므로 BMI가 높은 노인들에게 부족되고 있는 영양소에 대한 연구가 이루어져야 할 것이다. 특히 비타민 A, E B 복합체는 노인성 질병과 관련하여 그 기능이 규명되어야 할 영양소이다.