• Journal of Digital Convergence
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• v.18 no.11
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• pp.247-257
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• 2020

The Purpose of this study is to present effective Anti-Drone systems to protect national important facilities against drones that are illegally used by crime groups and terrorists with malicious intents. In order to accomplish the purpose of the study, technical and policy reports regarding Anti-Drone systems, open documents from manufacturers and various research papers are reviewed, and in-depth interviews with experts were conducted. Studies have shown that it is effective to overlay and mix different detection systems so that they can improve detection rates by supplementing each other's advantages and disadvantages, and that the means of incapacitation need to acquire flexibility by using both soft-kill and hard-kill methods in accordance with operational environment for the effective usage. In other words, the establishment of an illegal drone pre-management system, mixed and overlapping detection assets, determining appropriate countermeasures, and multiple distribution of means of incapacitation. The establishment of a protection system for important national facilities through the operation of overlapping and complex anti-drone systems is the most urgent task.

• Journal of Periodontal and Implant Science
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• v.51 no.1
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• pp.18-29
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• 2021

Purpose: The aim of this study was to compare the characteristic expression patterns of advanced periodontitis in 2 cohort data sets analyzed using different microarray platforms, and to identify differentially expressed genes (DEGs) through a meta-analysis of both data sets. Methods: Twenty-two patients for cohort 1 and 40 patients for cohort 2 were recruited with the same inclusion criteria. The 2 cohort groups were analyzed using different platforms: Illumina and Agilent. A meta-analysis was performed to increase reliability by removing statistical differences between platforms. An integrative meta-analysis based on an empirical Bayesian methodology (ComBat) was conducted. DEGs for the integrated data sets were identified using the limma package to adjust for age, sex, and platform and compared with the results for cohorts 1 and 2. Clustering and pathway analyses were also performed. Results: This study detected 557 and 246 DEGs in cohorts 1 and 2, respectively, with 146 and 42 significantly enriched gene ontology (GO) terms. Overlapping between cohorts 1 and 2 was present in 59 DEGs and 18 GO terms. However, only 6 genes from the top 30 enriched DEGs overlapped, and there were no overlapping GO terms in the top 30 enriched pathways. The integrative meta-analysis detected 34 DEGs, of which 10 overlapped in all the integrated data sets of cohorts 1 and 2. Conclusions: The characteristic expression pattern differed between periodontitis and the healthy periodontium, but the consistency between the data sets from different cohorts and metadata was too low to suggest specific biomarkers for identifying periodontitis.

• Textile Coloration and Finishing
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• v.15 no.4
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• pp.17-23
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• 2003

Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy(FT-IR) was used to characterize the intermolecular ester crosslinkages in cotton cellulose. The FT-IR data show that the band of the ester carbonyl group can be separated from overlapping carboxyl/carbonyl band by converting carboxyl group to carboxylate. When esterification occurs between a polycarboxylic acid and cotton cellulose, the carbonyl groups retained in the cotton exist in three forms; ester, carboxyl, and carboxylate anion. The FT-IR data were also correlated to the durable press rating result obtained. The appearance of BTCA-finished durable press silk/cotton fabrics were improved.

• Journal of the Korea Institute of Military Science and Technology
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• v.9 no.4
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• pp.24-31
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• 2006

To reduce the interferences between the radio equipments which are operated in frequency hopping mode, the frequency resource should be assigned to each equipment without overlapping when several groups of radio equipments operate in the same area. If the radio equipments are in a different area, the partial frequency overlaying can be permitted. From the isotropic multi-dimensional array, several frequency assignment tables can be extracted for a same area. Also several tables can be extracted for different areas. Since there can be no overlapped frequencies between the tables for the same area, no interference between the radio equipments in an area is guaranteed. The frequencies overlapped between 2 tables for 2 different areas are pre-planed as required. The interference performance in frequency hopping radio can be controlled as desired using the proposed Frequency Resource Assignment Algorithm using Isotropic multi-dimensional Array.

• Journal of Pharmaceutical Investigation
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• v.26 no.3
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• pp.155-168
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• 1996

The active site of cyclooxygenase was modeled by complementary receptor-cavity mapping procedure using 3D structures of the non-steroidal antiinflammatory drugs (NSAIDs). A total of 50 NSAIDs were chosen as data ligands which compete the same site on the enzyme. Partial atomic charges were estimated, and the energetic differences for various conformations were calculated so as to meet the need for a most efficient overlapping of the probably-equivalent functional groups of the ligand molecules. The structure activity relationships of the NSAIDs, if available, were fully considered throughout the modeling. The overall shape of the model obtained is similar to a boot-without-bottom. Most of inner surface of the cavity appeared as hydrophobic; two polar counterparts except the carboxyl-binding position were found. By this model, some clear explanations could be given on the experimental observations which were not satisfiably understood yet.

• Tuberculosis and Respiratory Diseases
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• v.83 no.2
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• pp.122-131
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• 2020

Hypersensitivity Pneumonitis (HP) one of the most common interstitial lung diseases (ILDs) is characterized by exposure to an inhaled inciting antigen that leads to a host immunologic reaction determining interstitial inflammation and architectural distortion. The underlying pathogenetic mechanisms are unclear. The absence of international shared diagnostic guidelines and the lack of a "gold-standard" test for HP combined with the presence of several clinical and radiologic overlapping features makes it particularly challenging to differentiate HP from other ILDs, also in expert contests. Radiology is playing a more crucial role in this process; recently the headcheese sign was recognized as a more specific for chronic-HP than the extensive mosaic attenuation. Several classification proposals and diagnostic models have been advanced by different groups, with no prospective validation. Therapeutic options for HP have been limited to antigen avoidance and immunosuppressant drugs over the last decades. Several questions about this condition remain unanswered and there is a need for more studies.

• Korean Journal of Organic Agriculture
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• v.25 no.1
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• pp.37-52
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• 2017

Three varieties of green pepper - Chungyang pepper, Cucumber-taste pepper and Nokgwang pepper - are competing with one another in consumption due to the overlapping shipment period. The objective of this study is to analyze the influence of monthly variations of shipment quantities on the wholesale market prices. A Linear Approximated Inverse Almost Ideal Demand System (LA/IAIDS) is employed with monthly data set of three different varieties of green pepper consumption. The results show that if there is an excess supply in the market, the rate of the price decline is larger for forcing culture Chungyang pepper than other pepper varieties. On the contrary, change in supply of cucumber-taste pepper and Nokgwang pepper has little effect on the price of Chungyang pepper. The results of this study can be utilized as a basic information for enhancing the farm income and promoting agricultural policies related to the establishment of self-help funds by Chungyang pepper producer groups in Gyeongnam region.

• Journal of Minimally Invasive Surgery
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• v.21 no.4
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• pp.160-167
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• 2018

Purpose: The aim of our study was to present an abdominal wall closure technique using barbed suture $V-Loc^{TM}$ 90 after single incision laparoscopic appendectomy (SILA) and to compare perioperative outcomes with conventional layer by layer abdominal wall closure after SILA. Methods: From March 2014 to July 2016, a retrospective case-control study was conducted for a total of 269 consecutive patients who underwent SILA. According to abdominal wall closure methods, 129 patients were classified into the V-Loc closure group and 140 patients were assigned into the conventional layer by layer closure group. In the V-Loc group, abdominal wall closure was performed from the fascia to the skin with a single thread of unidirectional absorbable barbed suture $V-Loc^{TM}$ 90 2-0 using continuous running suture and reverse overlapping reinforced running technique. Subcutaneous closure and subcuticular suture were performed with the remaining portion of V-Loc. Results: The V-Loc closure group showed shorter total operation time ($40.0{\pm}15.4min$ vs. $44.9{\pm}16.3min$, p=0.013) and abdominal wall cusing continuous running suture and reverse overlapping reinforced running technique. Subcutaneous closure and subcuticular suture were performed with the remaining portion of V-Loc. Results: The V-Loc closure group showed shorter total operation time losure time ($5.5{\pm}0.9min$ vs. $6.5{\pm}0.8min$, p<0.001). Postoperative incision length was significantly shorter in the V-Loc closure group ($1.1{\pm}0.3cm$ vs. $1.8{\pm}0.4cm$, p<0.001). Postoperative wound pain, time to resume diet, postoperative hospital stay, complications including surgical site infection, or mean patient satisfaction score at one month after hospital discharge was not significantly different between the two groups. Conclusion: In conclusion, unidirectional knotless barbed suture is a safe alternative method for abdominal wall closure after SILA. It can save time while providing comparable cosmesis.

• Journal of Agricultural Extension & Community Development
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• v.8 no.2
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• pp.159-177
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• 2001

This research aims to clarify what kind of competencies are the source of the competitiveness of an enterprise and the standards for the development of human resources. Its specific objectives are the following; First, to develop methods for examining competencies to carry out one’s job. Second, to draw out the competencies necessary for carrying out the jobs by jobs on the basis of the developed methods. Third, to clarify the competencies commonly needed to carry out all kinds of jobs. This study collected materials for drawing out the competencies needed to perform 21 jobs in six job groups. This was done with the help of a panel of professionals. The process for drawing out the competencies required to perform certain job was designed in six steps. These steps combine classical methods using particular reference groups as well as model methods for particular job competencies. The materials for the R&D job were gathered for three months starting from February 2001. Materials from 20 other jobs were also collected three times from the end of May to the end of October 2001. This was done through workshops with professional groups. The highlights of this study are as follows: 1) The results applying the methods developed for drawing out job competencies to the duties of investigation & research part in R&D job were presented as an example. 2) The job competencies of the company totaled 215 in 21 jobs irrespective of overlapping, which means each job has about 10 competencies on the average. 3) The common job competencies of the whole company totaled eight. namely: competency for collecting information/processing/analyzing, communication competency, presentation competency, competency for utilizing the web, competency for planning projects, competency for solving problems, competency for understanding organization/business/products of the company, and competency for satisfying customers.

• Journal of Periodontal and Implant Science
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• v.23 no.3
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• pp.564-576
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• 1993

The purpose of this study was to evaluate the effects of Nd:YAG laser treatment on removal of smear layer and exposure of dentinal tubules. The experimental specimens were obtained from root planed surface of 30 human teeth which were extracted due to severe periodontal disease. The specimens were assigned randomly of three groups: root planed group, Tetracycline HCl(100mg/ml, 5min) group, and Nd:YAG laser ($Laser-35^{TM}$, U.S.A. 5 seconds )group. Nd:YAG laser group was divided into 4 subgroups according to 3.0W, 3.5W, 4.0W, 4.5W of power. The surface change of specimens were evaluated by scanning electron microscopy. The number of exposed dentinal tubules and percentage of area occupied by dentinal tubule orifices per unit area between each group was statistically analyzed by paired Student t-test. The results were as follows: 1. By root planing only, dentinal tubule was not exposed, but scale-like smear layer and parallel instrument tracks were resulted. 2. Tetracycline HCl treated surfaces exhibited the small number of partially exposed dentinal tubules with long orifices. The number($3.80{\pm}0.79$) of exposed dentinal tubules on Tetracycline HCl group was significantly less than that in laser groups above 3.5W of power(P<0.001), and the percentage ($0.68{\pm}0.19$) of area occufied by dentinal tubule orifices per unit area($192\;{\mu}m^2$) was significantly lower than that of any laser group(P<0.001). 3. The laser group irradiated with 4.5W of power showed both the most number($10.60{\pm}0.97$) of exposed dentinal tubules among the experimental groups, and the highest percentage($3.75{\pm}0.55\;%$) of area occupied by dentinal tubule orifices. 4. Energy Surge during laser pulsing and overlapping passes of the fiber resulted in melted and resolidified surface textures with lava-like appearance.