• 설비공학논문집
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• 제9권3호
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• pp.300-311
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• 1997

A theoretical method was developed to analyze the effect of low-$\varepsilon$ coatings which have influence on thermal performance of vacuum windwo glazing and double pane glazing. The overall heat transfer coefficient(U) value and thermal performance were analyzed by theroretical method on various kins of windows. TRNSYS program was used to analyze total heating and cooling energy consumption on the model building which has various windows. As the result, better thermal insulation can be achieved on the vacuum window glazing than double pane glazing when low-$\varepsilon$ coating was done on the surface of glass. Total heating and cooling energy consumption was almost same on the double pane window glazing but was lessened on the vacuum window glazing when the window size of south direction increased. Therefore, low-$\varepsilon$ coating was very necessary for vacuum window glazing in order to improve thermal insulation performance and efficient energy conservation can be achieved by vacuum window glazing at the real building which has large window.

• 대한기계학회:학술대회논문집
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• 대한기계학회 2000년도 춘계학술대회논문집B
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• pp.180-186
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• 2000

This paper presents a new winding method in the electronic descaling(ED) technology. The ED technology Produces an oscillating electric field via the Faraday's law to Provide necessary molecular agitation to dissolved mineral ions. But present method gives another agitation force to mineral ions, which is Lorentz's force. Experiments were peformed at various Renolds number. A series of tests was conducted, measuring pressure drop across test section and the overall heat transfer coefficient as a function of time. In order to accelerate the rate of fouling, artificial hard water of 1000ppm $CaCO_3$ was used throughout the tests. The results show that the new method accelerates collision of mineral ions and improvs efficiency of system.

• 설비공학논문집
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• 제2권1호
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• pp.27-36
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• 1990

An experimental investigation was made to study the performance characteristics of evaporator having different fin configurations and tube inner grooves. Three different types of fin such as super slitted fin, slitted fin, plain fin, and two types of tube such as inner grooved tube, and bare tube, are tested varying the air velocity, evaporation temperature and superheat of refrigerant. Results show that in the range of air side Reynolds number $3{\times}10^3\;-\;1.5{\times}10^4$ evaporator with super slitted fin and inner grooved tube shows best performance. It is 80% higher in overall heat transfer coefficient and 2.6 times higher in pressure loss compared to that with plain fin inner grooved tube. Friction factor is found to be almost independent of evaporating temperature and degree of superheat, while Colburn j factor varies with evaporating temperature.

• 태양에너지
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• 제2권1호
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• pp.49-58
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• 1982

Aim of this study was to obtain the heating performance and the economic evaluation on solar heating system for greenhouse which area of floor was $90m^2$. For heating performance effective solar energy for the greenhouse was compared with overall heating loads including coefficient of heat transfer and conduction. And the economic evaluation solar heating system was evaluated by comparison its initial investiment costing with oil saving cost. Initial investiment costing included collector cost, storage cost, piping cost, control system cost and miscellaneous costs which included pumps, motors etc. The contents of this study included the survey of climate conditions for solar heating, long-term collector performance and optimum collector area of solar heating system in existing greenhouse. The results are follows: 1. Average horizontal radiation during winter was $2,434Kcal/m^2$ day which was the highest value in this country, so the climate conditions of Suwon was suitable for solar heating. 2. Resulting calculation of the optimum collector area was $30m^2$ and the solar energy accounted for 30% of the overall heating load. 3. The capacity of storage tank required 60 liter per unit area ($m^2$) of solar collector.

• 소성∙가공
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• 제17권4호
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• pp.249-256
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• 2008

Combined phase transformation and heat transfer was considered on the simulation of hot press forming process, using material properties modeler, $JMatPro^{(R)}$ and a finite element package, $DEFORM^{TM}$-HT. In order to obtain high temperature mechanical properties and flow curves for different phases, a material properties modeler, $JMatPro^{(R)}$ was used, avoiding expensive and extensive high temperature materials tests. The results successfully show that the strength of hot press forming parts may exhibit different strength in the same parts, depending on the contact of blank with tooling. It was also shown effectively that the strength of the parts can be controlled by designing appropriate cooling paths and coolants. This was shown in terms of different heat convection coefficient in the calculation. Overall, current combination of software was shown to be an effective tool for the tool and process design of hot forming process, although the material modeler needs to be additionally verified by an appropriate set of high temperature materials test.

• Journal of the Korean Wood Science and Technology
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• 제18권4호
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• pp.41-52
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• 1990

Experimental external collector type solar lumber dryer with $1.6m^2$ of collector area and $1.0m^3$ of maximum dryer capacity was designed and constructed to investigate the conditions inside and outside the dryer and collector. The efficiency of collector was calculated and numbers of drying-days and collector areas required to dry $0.2m^3$ and $1.0m^3$ of pine and oak at various an flow rate inside collector were estimated for eight cities in Korea. Average temperatures of collector-inlet and -outlet air and heat absorber were $52.5^{\circ}C$ $57.9^{\circ}C$, and $71.1^{\circ}C$. respectively at 4m/sec of an flow rate inside collector on sunny day in summer. Overall heat transfer coefficient of collector was 4.875W/$m^2^{\circ}C $ and collector efficiency was 52%. Estimated numbers of drying-days required to dry $0.2m^3$ of pine and oak from 80% to 15% moisture content at various air flow rate inside collector were 38 and 66 days. respectively. Areas of collector required to dry $1.0m^3$ of lumber at desired safe drying rate were estimated as $13.7m^2$ for pine and $16.0m^2$ for oak.

• 한국식품과학회지
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• 제23권4호
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• pp.437-441
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• 1991

원심식 박막증발기를 이용해 마늘착즙을 증발 농축하면서 급액속도가 증발표면에서의 액의 흐름상태와 운전 특성에 미치는 영향에 대해서 조사하였다. 급액속도 $25{\sim}125kg/h$의 운전 조건하에서 증발표면에서의 이론적인 박막의 두께는 $0.52{\sim}0.89mm$ 그리고 체류시간은 $1.77{\sim}6.75$초로 계산되었다. 한편 Reynolds number로 판단해 볼 때 증발표면에서의 마늘착즙의 흐름은 대체로 층류로 여겨졌다. 일정한 증기 및 증발온도 조건하에서 농축비는 급액속도가 증가함에 따라 감소한 반면 증발속도와 총괄열전달계수는 어느 일정한 값까지 증가하다가 감소하는 경향을 나타내었다. 그리고 급액속도 $25{\sim}125kg/h$(증발온도 $40^{\circ}C$, 증기온도 $95{\sim}120^{\circ}C$, 급액의 초기농도 $32^{\circ}Brix$)에서 농축비는 $1.04{\sim}2.04$, 총괄열전달계수는 $3,074.33{\sim}17,614.70kJ/m^{2}{\cdot}h{\cdot}^{\circ}C$ 였다.

• 해양환경안전학회지
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• 제22권5호
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• pp.583-592
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• 2016

해상에서는 UN산하 IMO(International Maritime Organization, 국제해사기구)는 선박에서 배출하는 $CO_2$량을 2030년까지 30 %까지 줄이는 것을 목표로 설정하고 있다. 본 연구는 이러한 상황에 대응하고 친환경기술의 개발을 목표로 선박용 내연기관에서의 폐열을 이용하는 열전발전시스템 개발에 최종목표를 두고, 본 논문에서는 선박용 열전발전시스템 개발에 앞서 기초 열해석을 실시하고 분석하였다. 그 결과 다음과 같은 열전발전시스템의 효율향상에 관한 유효한 방법을 얻어 낼 수 있었다. 1) 고온측 열원과 모듈간 온도차를 줄여 모듈의 온도차를 늘리는 것으로 열전발전시스템의 효율이 8.917 %로 향상되는 것을 알 수 있었다. 2) 외부부하저항의 변화에 따른 시스템 효율은 약 6 %로 그 변화폭이 크게 발생하지 않는 것을 확인할 수 있었다. 3) 동일 계산 조건에서 방형관의 재질이 스테인레스인 경우의 시스템 효율이 8.707 %로 두랄루민(8.605 %), 동(8.607 %)보다 높을 것을 확인할 수 있었다.

• 생물환경조절학회지
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• 제7권3호
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• pp.237-245
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• 1998

극심한 고온으로 인해 정상적인 작물의 재배가 어려운 여름철의 온실 내 기온을 억제시키기 위한 방법 중 가장 효율을 인정받고 있는 증발냉각법은 실내 습도의 증가로 인해 그 사용에 제한을 받게 된다. 본 연구에서는 온실에서 증발냉각법의 냉방효율을 높이기 위한 방법으로 냉수파이프를 설치하여, 그 열적 특성을 분석하고, 제습효과를 조사하였으며, 그 결과를 요약하면 다음과 같다. 동파이프와 아연도금스틸파이프의 총열전달량을 비교한 결과, 동파이프가 다소 크게 나타났으나, 유의성이 없었으며, 두 가지 파이프 모두 이론값 보다 실측값이 더 작게 나타났다. 냉수파이프 표면에 응축되어 제거된 수증기의 양은 동파이프와 아연도금스틸파이프 사이에서 큰 차이를 보이지 않았으나, 두 가지 파이프 모두에서 제습효과는 충분히 큰 것으로 나타났다. 냉수파이프를 설치함으로써 증발냉각시스템의 냉방효율을 평균 48%만큼 높일수 있으며, 평균 1.3$^{\circ}C$만큼의 실내기온을 추가로 냉각시킬 수 있는 것으로 예측되었다. 또한, 냉수파이프를 이용해 증발냉각시스템의 가동으로 인한 실내의 과습문제를 해결하기 위해서는 파이프표면의 응축된 수분을 효과적으로 제거할 수 있는 장치나 방법에 대한 추가적인 연구가 필요할 것으로 판단된다.

• 설비공학논문집
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• 제18권10호
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• pp.761-767
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• 2006

In this study, performance of 2 pure hydrocarbons R290 and R1270 was measured in an attempt to substitute R22 under 3 different temperature conditions. They were tested in a refrigerating bench tester with a hermetic rotary compressor. The test bench provided about 3.5 kW capacity and water and water/glycol mixture were employed as the secondary heat transfer fluids. All tests were conducted under the same external conditions resulting in the average saturation temperatures of $7/45^{\circ}C$ and $-7/41^{\circ}C$ and $-21/28^{\circ}C$ in the evaporator and condenser, respectively. Test results show that the coefficient of performance (COP) of these refrigerants is up to 11.54% higher than that of R22 in all temperature conditions. Compressor discharge temperatures were reduced by $14{\sim}31^{\circ}C$ with these fluids. There was no problem with mineral oil since the mixtures were mainly composed of hydrocarbons. The amount of charge was reduced up to 58% as compared to R22. Overall, these fluids provide good performance with reasonable energy savings without any environmental problem and thus can be used as long term alternatives for residential air-conditioning and heat pumping application.