• 가정과삶의질연구
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• 제23권3호
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• pp.1-16
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• 2005

This study explored the elements, types, and determining factors of successful aging for the Korean elderly. In order to examine the expectations of the Korean elderly, a sample of 377 elderly aged 65 and over living in Seoul and Kyunggi areas was selected and interviewed. The elements of successful aging that the Korean elderly pointed out in the interviews were: 'peaceful and comfortable life', 'self-maintenance,' 'secure social support,' and 'ostentation.' The expected elements of successful aging were further classified into three types of successful aging: 'idealized expectation.' 'self-centered expectation,' 'balanced self-other expectation.' The elderly groups sorted by the types exhibited significant differences in terms of demographic characteristics, self-evaluated economic status, and self-evaluated health status. The variables that affected the expectations were age, level of education, marital status, gender, and self-evaluated health condition. However, further analysis revealed that the factors that affected the expectation for successful aging were different for male and female elderly. The results suggest that the successful aging of Korean elderly should be understood in the context of Korean society and culture. The results could be used to better understand varied and unique life of Korean elderly, as well as in establishing a basis of intervention that meets the specific demands of the Korean elderly.

• 마케팅과학연구
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• 제15권1호
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• pp.81-103
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• 2005

이 연구는 빈번한 가격할인을 하고 있는 국내 의류시장에서 소비자들이 가격이 떨어질 것을 기대하여 제품의 구입을 늦추는 '가격기대효과'가 실제로 존재하는지 실증적으로 분석하고자 하는 데 그 목적이 있다. 특히, 지금까지의 가격연구에서는 규범적 행태적 서술적 연구 등 각 분야의 영역을 접목시킨 통합적 접근이 미진하여 소비자의 심리적 요인을 가격책정에 반영한 시도가 드물었고 시간의 흐름에 따라 변화 하는 가격과 판매량의 관계를 살피는 동태적 연구가 부족하기 때문에, 규범적 연구와 행태적 연구를 접목시켜 의류제품의 가격기대효과를 밝혀내고자 하였다. 이를 위해 기존의 의류제품에 적합한 동태적인 가격기대효과 모델을 수립하였으며 모델을 검증하기 위하여 국내 백화점의 여성복 판매 데이터를 이용하였다. 분석결과 국내 의류제품을 구매하는 소비자들에게 가격기대효과가 존재한다는 사실을 이론적, 실증적으로 밝혀내었다. 이러한 결과는 패션제품의 가격변화에 따른 소비자들의 독특한 구매행동을 반영한 것으로 기존의 동태적 가격연구의 범위를 넓혔다는데 의의가 있다.

• 한국콘텐츠학회논문지
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• 제14권1호
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• pp.444-454
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• 2014

이 연구의 목적은 민간경비원의 조직문화와 직무특성 및 직무지속의지의 관계를 규명하는데 있다. 이 연구는 2011년 9월 수도권소재(서울) 민간경비회사에서 재직하고 있는 민간경비원들을 모집단으로 설정한 후 유의표집법을 이용하여 최종분석에 이용된 사례 수는 총 280명이다. 분석방법은 SPSSWIN 18.0을 이용하여 빈도분석, 요인분석, 신뢰도분석, 다중회귀분석 등을 실시하였다. 설문지의 신뢰도는 Cronbach's ${\alpha}$값이 .665이상으로 나타났다. 결론은 다음과 같다. 첫째, 민간경비원의 조직문화는 직무특성에 영향을 미친다. 근무기간이 길수록 직무중요성과 피드백은 높다. 개발합의적문화가 형성될수록 직무중요성, 자율성은 높다. 합리적문화가 형성될수록 직무중요성, 자율성, 피드백은 높다. 위계적문화가 형성될수록 직무중요성, 피드백은 높아진 반면, 자율성은 감소한다. 둘째, 민간경비원의 조직문화는 직무지속의지에 영향을 미친다. 남성 집단에서 직무기대는 높다. 연령이 높을수록 위기지각이 감소한다. 학력이 높을수록 직무만족, 위축, 대안기대는 증가한다. 월수입이 많을수록 직무만족, 위축, 직무기대, 대안기대, 위기지각은 증가한다. 개발합의적문화가 형성될수록 직무만족, 고의적불성실, 직무기대, 대안 기대, 위기지각은 높다. 합리적문화가 형성될수록 직무기대는 증가한 반면, 고의적불성실은 감소한다. 위계적문화가 형성될수록 직무만족, 고의적불성실, 직무기대, 위기지각은 높다. 셋째, 민간경비원의 직무특성은 직무지속의지에 영향을 미친다. 학력이 높을수록 직무만족, 직무기대, 대안기대는 증가한다. 근무기간이 길수록 직무만족, 직무기대, 대안기대, 위기지각이 감소한다. 월수입이 많을수록 직무만족, 직무기대, 대안기대, 위기지각이 증가한다. 직무중요성을 높게 인식할수록 직무만족, 직무기대는 증가한다. 자율성을 높게 인식할수록 직무만족, 위축, 고의적불성실, 직무기대, 대안기대는 증가한다. 피드백이 원활히 이루어질수록 고의적불성실은 감소한다.

• 아동학회지
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• 제36권4호
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• pp.91-110
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• 2015

In upper elementary period school adjustment and the effect of parenting face a new set of dynamics. We assumed that parental supervision, affection, incoherence, over-expectation, over-interruption and logical explanation would have an effect on individual trajectories in the development of school adjustment. Additionally, we hypothesized that this model would be different among boys and girls. In this study we analyzed three waves of data collected from 2,378 children nationwide in South Korea. This data was gathered from the Panel Study of Korean Youth and Adolescents conducted by the National Youth Policy Institute(NYPI). Growth-curve longitudinal analysis was conducted and the results indicate that levels of school adjustment had decreased through the $4^{th}$ to $6^{th}$ grade. Parents' supervision, affection and logical explanation significantly predict children's initial school adjustment as well as their rate of decrease in their levels of school adjustment. Parents' supervision had a positive effect on girls' school adjustment. Parents' over-expectation had negative effect on boys' school adjustment levels. Policy implications and future directions for research were also discussed.

• Human Ecology Research
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• 제53권3호
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• pp.319-329
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• 2015

This study investigated the influence of perceived parenting style on the sense of community of middle-class adolescents and if adolescent' life satisfaction has a mediating effect on the relationship between perceived parenting style and sense of community. The study population consisted of a nationally representative sample of elementary and middle school students who completed the Korean Children and Youth Panel Survey of the National Youth Policy Institute in 2010. Among the 4,729 participants of the data, 2,876 were eligible for research focused on the middle class. Descriptive statistics included frequency, average, and standard deviation; in addition, reliability and stepwise regression results were reported using SPSS statistics. The results were as follows. First, the sense of community was 2.86 out of 4-point Likert scale. Monitoring (3.28) was the highest among the perceived parenting styles followed by affection (3.17), reasoning (3.01), over-expectation (2.57), over-interference, and inconsistency (2.40). Second, among subcategories of perceived parenting style, affection, reasoning, monitoring, and over-expectation had a statistically significant influence on sense of community. A higher perceived parenting style had a higher sense of community of middle-class children. Third, the life satisfaction of children had a statistically significant moderating effect on relationship between perceived parenting style and sense of community; therefore, the influence of perceived parenting style on sense of community could change according to life satisfaction.

• 대한간호학회지
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• 제4권2호
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• pp.144-158
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• 1974

This study was undertaken in an attempt to; 1) measure value orientation of nursing activities, 2) identify the relationship between nurse's role perception and patient's expectation, and 3) evaluate the pattern of nursing education and nursing service administration. 203 hospitalized adults and 203 professional nurses from 11 general hospitals in Seoul during the period of July to December 1973 were tested according to questionnaire based on 4 categories of clinical nursing activities, 1) physical care, 2) observation and control, 3) psycho-social care and 4) therapeutic measures. Results of the study are as follows: 1. Nurses were more concerned than patients in the physical care category. Significant difference was revealed by p<.01 level (t=2.800). Mean value score of nurses was average (2.84), and mean value score of patients was relative' y low (2.49). None of the physical care category questionnaire items were over 3.5. 2. Respondents from hospitals of total care system revealed significant difference in the physical care category by P〈.025 level. (t=2.242). Mean value score of both group were average level (nurse 2.90, patient 2.53), nurses showed higher concern. 3. Difference between nurse's role perception and patient's expectation in observation and control category was revealed non- significance by p〉0.05. level (t=1.238). Mean value score of both group revealed relatively high (nurse=3.44, patient 3.19). 4. Difference between nurse's role perception and patient〉expectation in psycho-social cart category revealed non- significance by p〉.05 level (t=0.758), Mean value score of both group revealed average level (nurse =2.71, patient =2.53), 5. Non- significant difference was noted between B. S. N. and diploma nurse's role perception in the psycho- social care category by p> 0.1 level (t=0.316). 4. Difference between nurse's role perception and patient's expectation in the rapeutic me assures category revealed non- significance by p〉0.05 level) t=0.503). Horses showed high concern by mean value score 3.56 level and patients relatively high by 3.41. All items of this category revealed very high or relatively high value score.

• 한국학교보건학회지
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• 제16권2호
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• pp.111-123
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• 2003

The purpose of this study was to identify the expectation about school health program of primary school parents as an important variable for growth of school health program fore area locked primary school parents 631 by self-administered questionnaire between June 20 and September 29, 2001 The results were as follows 1. General characteristic of the Subjects Age rates of the subjects were 45.5% on 35~39 years old and 34.7% over 40 years old. Economic status were middle level 86%, participation rates of school health education for parent were 16.8%, recognition rates on significance of school health education were 89.9%. 2. Health knowledge of parents The mean score on health knowledge of the subjects was 6.8 from a total of 10. there was a statistically significant difference with regard to health knowledge among the 7school(F=3.46, p=.016). 3. Health behavior of parents The mean score on health behaviors of the subjects was 77.3 from a total of 100. there was no statistically difference in health behavior among the school. 4. The expectation about school health program of the parents The mean score on the expectation about school health program of the subjects was 51.1 from a total of 140. there was a statistically significant difference with regard to the expe ctation about school health program among the school(F=3.75, p=.010). 5. Health behaviors and the expectation about school health program from sociod emogr aphic Backgrounds of the Subjects. In the backgrounds of the subjects, the score on health behavior was higher the mothers(t=2.89,p=.004), the upper class(F=7.38, p=.000), the higher participation level of school health education of parent(F=7.38, p=.000) and the higher recognition level on significance of school health education of parent(F=9.94, p=.000). The score on the expectation about school health program was higher the lower recognition level on significance of school, health education of parent and on the expectation about health screening & preventive services was significant difference by age. however, the difference was not significant in the others.

• 대한간호학회지
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• 제26권4호
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• pp.782-798
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• 1996

This study was a survey done for the purpose of constructing a nursing theory according to Korean culture and to identify the traditional Korean view of humans and the expectations of the sick role, and to confirm changes from the traditional view of humans and expectations of the sick role according to general characteristics of the population. The subjects were all adults over 18 years old. 517 who lived in six large cities and 191 who lived in five rural communities. Data collection was done from November 19th, 1994 to January 19th, 1995 using a tool to measure the traditional view of humans and expectations of the sick role which was developed by the investigator through a literature review. Collected data were analyzed using frequency, percent, Cronbach alpha, 1-test, F-test and Scheffe post hoc contrasts, with the SAS program. The results of this study are summerized as follows : 1. The Traditional view of human score for all subject was 49.92, which shows that Korean traditional view of human is moderate. High scored items were "human need to live by making harmony with nature, not by overcoming the nature" (3.44), "Filial duty to parents and elders is important" (3.31), "Think of family more than a individual" (2.96). 2. The differences in the traditional view of humans between residential districts showed that the residents of Chungbuk(56.00), Kyungbuk(55.26), Chonbuk(51.32), Taegu(50.59) had a more traditional view of humans than those in Pusan(45.42) and Seoul (47.27). 3. The differences in the traditional view of humans according to general characteristics showed that rural community residents, males, older people, people with lower levels of education, married and house-resident groups had a significantly higher traditional view of humans than urban residents, females, younger people, people with a higher levels of education, single and apartment-resident groups. There were differences according to religion and job. Buddhism had a higher traditional view of humans than those of atheism, Christianity and Catholicism and physical workers, a significantly highers score, than technicians and professional workers. 4. Daily expected task performance during illnesses was lowest for patients with stroke (2.16) and psychosis(2.40), in which case almost no daily general tasks were expected, followed by arthritis 4.06, peptic ulcer 4.79, headache 4.99 and cough 5.58. The amount of expected role exemption during illnesses was also highest for stroke(2.25), followed by psychosis(2.08), arthritis(1.64), peptic ulcer(1.29), headache(1.16) and cough(1.09). The amount of daily task performance in the acute stage(3.05) was significantly lower than that of convalescent stage(4.95). 5. Total expectation of role exemption according to general characteristics showed that there was no significant differences in urban /rural community, marriage, level of education and religion. By sex, women showed higher expectation of role exemption during illnesses than men. By age, the 31-40 year old group showed lower expectation of role exemption than the 41-50 year old group or over the 61 year old group.or over the 61 year old group.

• 대한수학회보
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• 제53권3호
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• pp.903-924
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• 2016

In the present paper, using a simple formula for the conditional expectations given a generalized conditioning function over an analogue of vector-valued Wiener space, we prove that the analytic operator-valued Feynman integrals of certain classes of functions over the space can be expressed by the conditional analytic Feynman integrals of the functions. We then provide the conditional analytic Feynman integrals of several functions which are the kernels of the analytic operator-valued Feynman integrals.

• 대한수학회보
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• 제28권2호
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• pp.147-161
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• 1991

In this paper we define the conditional generalized Wiener measure and then express the conditional generalized Wiener integral over this new measure. In particular we consider a conditional expectation of functionals of the generalized Brownian paths under the condition that the paths pass through the given points .xi.$_{1}$, .xi.$_{2}$, .., .xi.$_{n}$ at times t$_{1}$, t$_{2}$, .., t$_{n}$, respectively.ely.