• Applied Microscopy
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• 제1권1호
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• pp.27-34
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• 1969

The compound eyes of the adult Drosophila melanogaster were. fixed in 1.25 per cent glutaraldehyde and 1 per cent osmium tetroxide buffered with sodium cacodylate at pH 7.2. Double fixed specimens were dehydrated using the alcohol series and embedded in Epon 812. They were sectioned with porter blum and JUM 5B ultra-microtome and then stained with lead hydrooxide and uranyl acetate. All thin sections were examined with Hitachi HS-7 or HU-11 electron microscope. The rhabdomere of the compound eye is composed of numerous microvilli packed, arranged, and projected from inner edge of each retinal cell. Each microvillus consisted of a centrum, about $82{\AA}$ in diameter, surrounded by the substances, about $105{\AA}$ in width, which were bounded with double membrane about $44{\AA}$ in thickness. In each inner edge of the microvilli, there was a cylinder, about $175{\AA}$ in diameter, in parallel with retinal cells, which contained a cylindrical axis about $583{\AA}$ in diameter. The surface of the outer edges .of .the microvilli was bounded with reticullar substances about $500{\AA}$ in thickness.

• 한국소성가공학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국소성가공학회 2008년도 춘계학술대회 논문집
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• pp.493-496
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• 2008

The residual stress generated in the boron steel blank formed via hot press forming process was predicted by JMatPro, a material property modeler, and Abaqus. The numerical predictions were compared by the experimental measurements obtained by the instrumented indentation. Both the predicted and measured principal stresses monitored at the outer surface of central bending position were qualitatively in good agreement. It was concluded that the residual stresses generated from hot forming process is not negligible as it has been generally assumed, although the spring back deformation is quite small. This should be specially considered from the part design stage since the tensile nature of the residual stress exhibited on the surface may lead to the stress corrosion cracking.

• Restorative Dentistry and Endodontics
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• 제12권2호
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• pp.91-98
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• 1987

This study was designed to investigate the changing depositional pattern of inorganic enamel substances during enamel formation and maturation. For this purpose, white rat incisors which continuously grow and develop during the life, were chosen as specimens. And after treated with 20% KOH solution, outer surface of forming inorganic enamel were observed with the scanning electron microscope, dividing into 6 types according to the forming pattern from apical to cuspal direction. The observations lead to the following conclusions: 1. During the initial enamel forming stage, inorganic enamel substances were deposited with very irregular pyramidal shape on the root dentin surface. 2. During the enamel forming stage, inorganic enamel substances were deposited with relatively regular hexagonal, honey-comb appearance. 3. During the later enamel forming stage, inorganic enamel substances were deposited with very irregular and roughly amorphous appearance. 4. During the later enamel maturating stage, very small and round inorganic enamel substances were deposited densely, and made a flat enamel surface.

• 한국멀티미디어학회논문지
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• 제22권6호
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• pp.729-737
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• 2019

This study defined the animation space as the concept of map based on the space of Joseph Campbell's heroic narrative. The space in which the animated character exists is an image symbolic language that reflects the inner and outer growth stages of the hero. I focused on the spatiality that plays the role of the power to lead the narrative and examined the meaning as the mediator that leads the heroic narrative. First, 6 spatial variables were derived by observing 'Hero's Journey 'which is used as a basis of US commercial animation scenario. Second, spatial variables are defined as 64 zones and proposed as 'Spatial Map Model of the Hero's Journey' (SMMH). Third, the character space of was applied to 'SMMH', and the change of space utilization rate and spatiality and the narrative meaning were analyzed. This study extended the narrative of animation space which was not actively studied to map concept. It is possible to provide a different viewpoint in animation production and research.

• Journal of Industrial and Engineering Chemistry
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• 제67권
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• pp.333-346
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• 2018

This study presents a mathematical modeling approach for developing models based on non-ideal conditions related to the membrane structure including porous supporting layer and deformation under pressure. Comparison of the findings with experimental data reveal the importance of considering the resistance in porous supporting layer though the effect of concentration polarization in the permeate stream could be neglected. Investigations on deformation of fibers under pressure ascertain that at larger fiber inner radius to outer radius ratios, increasing driving force may lead to an initial increase in permeability. After that, the effects of deformation dominates and thus permeability may be decreased.

• Advances in pediatric surgery
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• 제4권2호
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• pp.137-143
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• 1998

Intramuscular injection(IM) into the gluteal muscles is a common route of medication, but may lead to complications. A retrospective review of 32 patients who required surgical treatment for local complications of buttock injections in children was made at the Taegu Fatima Hospital during a seven-year nine-month period (March 1990 to December 1997). Local complications included acute inflammation, cellulitis and abscess(71.9 %), and fat necrosis(21.9 %), and injection granuloma(6.2 %). Over the half of injections were on the upper and outer quadrant of the buttock, but the other 43.7 % were in the upper and inner or lower and outer quadrant which are considered unsuitable sites for intramuscular injection. The majority of complications developed within fat tissue(90.6 %) rather than within muscle(9.4 %). Two-thirds of the patients were under 2 years of age, this suggests that it is technically difficult to accurately administer IM injections in small children because muscle mass is smaller compared to subcutaneous. In addition subcutaneous fat is more susceptible to chemical irritation. Staph. aureus was the predominant organism, isolated in 84.6 % of the patients with abscesses. Treatment consisted of needle aspiration, incision and drainage, curettage, or surgical excision. In conclusion, the major factor that contributes to complications following IM of the buttock appears to be the inadvertent intrafat rather than of IM injection. Accurate injection into the muscles based on a knowledge of pelvic anatomy as well as the potential complications is necessary to prevent complications.

• 수산해양기술연구
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• 제34권1호
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• pp.6-12
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• 1998

The moving behaviour of Yellowtail Seriola quinqueradiata schools in the main-net of a large scale set-net was investigated in relation to the catching function of the funnel-net by a scanning sonar. The investigation was took place in the Kishihata set-net fishing ground located in Nanao city Ishigawa prefecture, Japan from Nov. 9 to Nov. 13, 1992. The obtained results are summarized as follows; 1. Fish schools showed the greatest number at the playground in the morning and at the bag-net in the afternoon. The fish schools remained long time in the main-net. 2. The rate of fish school through the funnel-net was smaller than that of fish school which is though the playground and bag-net. Because the Yellowtail school changed the shape of school in passing the funnel-net. 3. The rate of entering the bag-net was 24%, among the fish school heading to the outer funnel-net. But, the rate of escaping to the playground was 27%, among the fish school heading to the inner funnel-net. It seems that the structure of the outer funnel-net was not enough to lead the fish to the bag-net. However, the structure of the inner funnel-net was very effective at preventing escape. 4. It is appropriate to haul the net in the morning in considering the number of accumulated fish in the bag-net during the survey.

• 건축역사연구
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• 제30권6호
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• pp.71-80
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• 2021

This study tries to shed light on character and architectural features of the 2nd construction of Bunhwangsa temple in the mid-8th century. The site of Bunhwangsa Temple is divided into upper and lower areas based on retaining walls running from northwest to southeast, and the main area of the temple centered on Geumdang(the main hall) is located in the upper area. Space composition of the lower area including Wonji(a garden pond) and Gangdang(a lecture hall), is noteworthy in that Bunhwangsa Temple was constructed in a deviating way from rigorous constructional disciplines and used their space efficiently. The Geumdang in the 2nd construction was the largest worship hall with 7×6 bays. The hall was designed to divide its space into two ; the core space was surrounded by outer space. Each gap between columns in the hall was narrowed from center to outer. The main construction of the Geumdang was built as a stable structure with lead-to corridors. This was a much-advanced style than Geumdang at Hwangnyongsa Temple. The Gangdang is presumed to be a large building site as a typical Gangdang style in the Silla era. It was built in the late 9th century and was located in the northern part of the retaining walls. The composition of the middle gate and southern corridors were in double and long corridor style and they were located in front of the 2nd construction. This style coincided in the form of the architectural style of the Hwangnongsa Temple. The 2nd construction of the Bunhwangsa Temple was smaller than the Hwangnongsa Temple. However, it was a prestigious architecture.

• 한국전기전자재료학회논문지
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• 제32권1호
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• pp.6-12
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• 2019

Bonding properties of epoxy-containing solder joints were investigated by a high temperature aging test. Specimens were prepared by bonding an R3216 standard chip resistor to an OSP-finished PCB by a reflow process with two basic types of solder (SAC305 & Sn58Bi) pastes and two epoxy-solder (SAC305+epoxy & Sn58Bi+epoxy) pastes. In all epoxy solder joints, an epoxy fillet was formed in the hardened epoxy, lying around the outer edge of the solder joint, between the chip and the Cu pad. In order to analyze the bonding characteristics of solder joints at high temperatures, a high-temperature aging test at $150^{\circ}C$ was carried out for 14 days (336 h). After aging, the intermetallic compound $Cu_6Sn_5$ was found to have formed in the solder joint on the Cu pad, and the shear stress on the conventional solder joint was reduced by a significant amount. The reason that the shear force did not decrease much, even though in epoxy solder, was thatbecause epoxy hardened at the outer edge of the supported solder joints. Using epoxy solder, strong bonding behavior can be ensured due to this resistance to shear force, even in metallurgical changes such as those where intermetallic compounds form at solder joints.

• 한국기계가공학회지
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• 제18권2호
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• pp.1-6
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• 2019

With the increase in number of the athletic population and elderly demographic, the demand for orthopedic splints, which are used to support a damaged body, has rapidly increased. Current splints mainly consist of inner and outer parts, which are multiple fabrics covered with polyurethane and nonwoven fabrics, respectively. However, the laminated materials with directly applied pre-polymer coating lead to a high defect rate because of the uneven thickness on the surface. Thus, this study proposes an indirect coating method using a precise clearance controller, which enables the even application of the coating material on multiple inner parts while maintaining a constant thickness. In addition, a roll-to-roll (R2R) technique is applied instead of the sewing mechanism to bond the inner and outer materials together and enhance the productivity in the final stage. In the advanced methods, there is a storage tank that contains polyurethane, a clearance controller, and pairs of rollers in the upper and lower rows. To improve the quality of the products and optimize the equipment, three controllable factors are determined: the viscosity of polyurethane, angle of the gap controller and number of pairs of rollers in the R2R system.