• Journal of Environmental Health Sciences
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• v.34 no.1
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• pp.101-107
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• 2008

Bio-filtration utilizes microorganisms fixed to a porous medium to metabolize pollutants present in an air stream. The microorganisms grow in a bio-film on the surface of a medium or are suspended in the water phase surrounding the medium particles. Therefore, bio-filter support media play one of the most important key roles in bio-filtration of gas phase pollutants. To characterize and select the appropriate support media, gas adsorption capacity and microorganism immobilization were investigated in lab-scale experiments for the selected target support media which were compost I (compost from lab-scale process), compost II (compost from municipal facility), bark, wood chip, orchid stone and vermiculite. As odor materials, ammonia and trimethylamine were utilized. From the result of experiments, bark was superior to any other support media tested in adsorption capacity as much as 12.5 mg ammonia per 1 g bark. In trimethylamine adsorption, bark and wood chip showed a remarkable results of 21.1 and 14.1 mg/g respectively. On the other hand, microorganism fixation test determined by the count of nitrogen oxidizing microbes population, the compost II and wood chips showed the best results. Considering the characteristics of materials and the operating condition of the bio-filter, bark, wood chip, and compost II are applicable to the support media of bio-filter when they are appropriately blended on the basis of studying the media pH, packing porosity and moisture contents.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Physical Medicine
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• v.8 no.3
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• pp.397-406
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• 2013

PURPOSE: The Purpose of this study was on determine whether stair gait exercise and lamp gait exercise might increase the gait ability of the patients with stroke METHODS: Fourty five patients with stroke were randomly assigned to plane gait exercise group(n=15) and ramp gait exercise group(n=15) and stair gait exercise group(n=15). During four weeks, each group participated thirty minutes for five times per week. Subjects were assessed using pre-value and post-value measurement gait ability(Step length, Heel to heel base of support, Step time, Double support ratio, Gait velocity). RESULTS: These finding suggest that stair gait exercise group was significant in Step length, Heel to heel base of support, Step time, Double support ratio, Gait velocity(p<.05). And lamp gait exercise group was only significant increase in Step time, Gait velocity(p<.05). In comparison of three group, stair gait exercise group was high gait ability than other two groups(p>.05). CONCLUSION: This study showed stair gait exercise group can be used to improve gait ability than other two groups. Thus it indicates that the stair gait exercise group will be more improved through the continued gait program.

• Journal of Korean Society of Water and Wastewater
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• v.34 no.2
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• pp.127-137
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• 2020

In this study, a MWCNT(multi-wall carbon nanotube) was added to polysulfone(PSf) support layer to improve flux of TFC(thin film composite) RO(reverse osmosis) membrane. Two different kinds of MWCNT were used. Surfaces of some MWCNTs were modified hydrophilically through acid treatment, while those of other MWCNTs were modified through heat treatment to maintain their hydrophobicity. MWCNT/PSf support layer was prepared by adding PSf to the NMP mixed solvent containing 0.1 wt% MWCNTs using a phase inversion method. The surface porosity of the MWCNT/PSf support increased by 42~46% while its surface pore size being maintained. The TFC RO membrane made of MWCNT/PSf support layer showed a 20% flux increase while its salt rejection characteristics is sustained. In addition, the MWCNT/PSf support layer has better mechanical stability than the PSf support layer, there resulting in an increased resistance of flux reduction due to physical pressure.

• International Journal of Human Ecology
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• v.17 no.2
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• pp.1-15
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• 2016

This is a descriptive study that introduces programs that support family caregivers looking after the elderly, by focusing on the case of Georgia, in the United States. The U.S. is one of the few countries that support family caregivers by law. In this study, we focus on the evidence-based interventions implemented through the Alzheimer's Disease Supportive Services Program (ADSSP), a federal policy that complements the National Family Caregiver Support Program (NFCSP). Our findings show that one-on-one evidence-based programs (EBPs) for family caregivers are both economical and effective in assisting caregivers. In our discussion, we highlight how the implementation of the latest EBPs can build an infrastructure to support family caregivers. ADSSP funding is useful as it constructs a caregiver support through the implementation of programs in the local community. The result is the creation of a well-coordinated division of labor among government agencies, academia and NGOs, which produces a synergetic effect in funding, research and development, translation and implementation of programs, and staff training. We conclude that the implementation of EBPs funded by the government is a useful reference for Korea and other rapidly aging countries, if we are to create an infrastructure for caregiver support, which can effectively prevent a crisis in caregiving.

• Nutrition Research and Practice
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• v.4 no.6
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• pp.515-521
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• 2010

The purpose of this study was to investigate the diet of children under the government-funded meal support program. The 143 children (67 boys and 76 girls) participated in this study among $4^{th}-6^{th}$ elementary school students receiving free lunches during the summer vacation of 2007 and living in Gwanak-gu, Seoul, Korea. The subjects consisted of four groups supported by Meal Box Delivery (n = 26), Institutional Foodservice (n = 53), Restaurant Foodservice (n = 27), or Food Delivery (n = 37). A three-day 24-hour dietary recall and a self-administered survey were conducted. In addition, the children's heights and weights were measured. The average energy intake of the children was 1,400 kcal per day, much lower than the Estimated Energy Requirements of the pertinent age groups. The results also showed inadequate intake of all examined nutrients; of particular concern was the extremely low intake of calcium. On average, the children consumed eight dishes and 25 food items per day. The children supported by Meal Box Delivery consumed more various dishes and food items than the other groups. The percentage of children preferring their current meal support method was the highest in those supported by Meal Box Delivery and the lowest in those supported by Food Delivery. We requested 15 children among the 143 children participating in the survey to draw the scene of their lunch time. The drawings of the children supported by Institutional Foodservice showed more positive scenes than the other groups, especially in terms of human aspects. In conclusion, the overall diet of children under the government-funded meal support program was nutritionally inadequate, although the magnitude of the problems tended to differ by the meal support method. The results could be utilized as basic data for policy and programs regarding the government-funded meal support program for children from low-income families.

• Bulletin of the Korean Mathematical Society
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• v.36 no.3
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• pp.609-619
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• 1999

IN this note we study more about the omitted are for the extremal functions and its {{{{ {π } over {4 } }}}}-property based upon Schiffer's variational method and zBrickman-Wilken's result. we give an example other than the Koebe function which is both a support point of S and the extreme point of HS. Furthermore, we discuss the relations between the support points and the L wner chain.

• Geomechanics and Engineering
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• v.15 no.2
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• pp.755-767
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• 2018

This paper uses a finite element based approach to provide a comprehensive understanding to the behaviour and the design performance of buried uPVC pipes with different diameters. It also investigates pipes with good and poor haunch support and proposes minimum safe wall thicknesses for these pipes. The results for pipes with good haunch support showed that the maximum pipe wall stress and deformation increase as the diameter increased. The results for pipes with poor haunch support showed an increase in the dependency of the developed vertical displacement on the haunch support as the diameter or the backfill height increased. Additionally, poor haunch support was found to increase the soil pressure, with the effect increasing as the diameter increased. The design of uPVC pipes for both poor and good haunch support was found to be governed by critical buckling. A key outcome is a new design chart for the minimum wall thickness, which enables the robust and economic design of buried uPVC pipes. Importantly, the methodology adopted in this study can also be applied to the design of flexible pipes manufactured from other materials, buried under different conditions and subjected to different loading arrangements.

• Asia-Pacific Journal of Business
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• v.12 no.3
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• pp.281-294
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• 2021

Purpose - The purpose of this study was verifying the policy effects by field of innovative growth engines, focusing on the discussion of the relationship between government support and corporate R&D activities (substitute/complementary goods), and based on the results, policy recommendations for promoting private R&D were carried out. Design/methodology/approach - Through literature research, academic/theoretical discussions about relationship between government support and corporate R&D activities were synthesized. Next, survey data were collected for companies engaged in the field of innovative growth engines and empirical analysis was conducted on the relationship between government support and R&D activities in 13 major sectors. Findings - First, as a result of analyzing all companies regardless of sector, government R&D subsidies had a positive (+) relationship with R&D activities of companies engaged in innovative growth engines, that is, a complementary relationship. Next, as a result of performing empirical analysis by dividing the 13 fields, it was found that 9 fields were complementary goods in which government support had a positive (+) effect on the R&D activities of companies. On the other hand, in the remaining four fields, the effect of government support on corporate R&D activities was not statistically significant. Research implications or Originality - In order to promote R&D activities of companies in the 9 fields where government support acts as a complementary product, it is necessary to establish policies centered on direct government support. On the other hand, it would be more desirable to seek indirect support rather than direct support in the 4 fields where government support did not have a statistically significant effect on corporate R&D activities.

• Journal of the Korean Data and Information Science Society
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• v.21 no.6
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• pp.1319-1325
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• 2010

Quantile regression provides a more complete statistical analysis of the stochastic relationships among random variables. Sometimes quantile functions estimated at different orders can cross each other. We propose a new non-crossing quantile regression method applying support vector median regression to restricted regression quantile, restricted support vector quantile regression. The proposed method provides a satisfying solution to estimating non-crossing quantile functions when multiple quantiles for high dimensional data are needed. We also present the model selection method that employs cross validation techniques for choosing the parameters which aect the performance of the proposed method. One real example and a simulated example are provided to show the usefulness of the proposed method.

• Communications for Statistical Applications and Methods
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• v.15 no.3
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• pp.441-450
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• 2008

In this paper we propose a new method for solving multiclass problem with least squares support vector machine(LS-SVM) regression. This method implements one-against-all scheme which is as accurate as any other approach. We also propose cross validation(CV) method to select effectively the optimal values of hyper-parameters which affect the performance of the proposed multiclass method. Experimental results are then presented which indicate the performance of the proposed multiclass method.