• Journal of Korean Neurosurgical Society
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• v.29 no.10
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• pp.1377-1382
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• 2000

Ossification of ligamentum flavum(OLF) is a type of ectopic bone formation developed within the spinal ligament. Thoracic myelopathy is common symptom of OLF but radiculopathy is uncommon. We present 3 operated cases of OLF. Two showed myelopathy and one radiculomyelopathy. Main symptoms were motor weakness, sensory disturbance, incoordination of both legs, and back pain. One patient complained of left girdle pain in T4 dermatome. Deep tendon reflex(DTR) was increased in all cases. The diagnosis was made from myelogram, CT and MRI. Sufficient posterior decompressive laminectomy and medial facetectomy were performed. Postoperative diagnosis was comfirmed by histopathological examination. One patient could return to work 3 months after operation and two patients showed satisfactory improvement 2-3 months after operation. Early diagnosis and appropriate surgical treatment were prerequisite of good outcome.

• Journal of Korean Neurosurgical Society
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• v.47 no.1
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• pp.55-57
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• 2010

Ossification of the posterior longitudinal ligament (OPLL) in the thoracic spine is rare, even in the Far East. A 45-year-old female presented with a 4month history of progressive motor weakness in the lower extremities, numbness below the midthoracic area, and spastic gait disturbance. Neuroradiological examinations revealed massive OPLLs at the T4-T6 levels with severe anterior compression of the spinal cord. Anterior decompressive corpectomies with bone grafts were performed from T4 to T6 using a trans-thoracic approach. After surgery, the patient made an uneventful recovery. However, eleven years after surgery, the patient developed recurrent lower extremity weakness and spastic gait disturbance. De novo OPLLs at the C6-T2 levels were responsible for the severe spinal cord compression on this occasion. After second surgery, paralysis in both legs was resolved. We present a rare case of late cervicothoracic OPLL in a patient surgically treated for thoracic OPLL.

• The Journal of Churna Manual Medicine for Spine and Nerves
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• v.4 no.1
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• pp.85-94
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• 2009

Objects : This study was to report a clinical effect of Korean Treatment for a patient diagnosed by Computed Tomography as Cervical Spinal Stenosis with Ossification of posterior Longitudinal Ligament. Methods : In order to alleviate left shoulder pain and neck stiffness, the patient was treated by acupuncture therapy, herbal medicine, distilled herbal injection, cervical traction technique of Chuna treatment and conservative managements. To evaluate the effect of the treatment, Recovery rate of Hirabayashi, VAS(Visual Anlaogue Scale), NDI and ROM(Range of Motion) were used. Lhermitte's sign, Valsalva test, Distraction test, Compression test and Spurling test were carried out. Results : VAS, NDI and ROM were improved and Recovery rate was 100%. Conclusions : Korean Treatment can be effectively used for a patient with Cervical Spinal Stenosis with OPLL. Further clinical studies are needed to verify the findings.

• Journal of Korean Neurosurgical Society
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• v.29 no.3
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• pp.360-364
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• 2000

Objective : To investigate the prognostic factors associated with outcome in patients with ossification of posterior longitudinal ligament. Method : During the past 4 years, we have operated on 35 patients with cervical OPLL. Anterior cervical decompression(total or subtotal corpectomy, discectomy, and removal of the OPLL) and interbody fusion with iliac bone were performed in all patients. Results : Eight cases(22.9%) were continuous type, 11(31.4%) segmental, 13(37.1%) Mixed, and 3(8.6%) localized type. Thirty-two patients(91.4%) showed an excellent or good results. Conclusion : These results indicate that surgical treatment should be considerated in case of clinical grading higher than II and the surgical outcome is worse when duration of preoperative symptom is longer and when percentage of spinal narrowing is higher. Anterior cervical decompression and interbody fusion seems to be a better method in patients with lesions limited to one or two level. Age at surgery did not significantly affect the outcom.

• Development and Reproduction
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• v.25 no.1
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• pp.33-41
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• 2021

This study was carried out to observe the development of the autonomous skeletal development of the Favonigobius gymnauchen. Total length (TL) of larvae 3 days after hatching (DAH) were mean TL of 3.34 mm, with a line-shaped parasphenoid ossification in the cranium and basioccipital ossification in the back. The 10 DAH larvae had a mean TL of 5.20 mm, with the number of caudal vertebrae increasing to 15. The urostyle and two hypural bones in the lower part also began to ossify. The 23 DAH juveniles had a mean TL of 8.47 mm. The pectoral girdle's skeleton was completed as the scapula and coracoid were ossified. The pelvic girdle also fully supported the ventral fin as its ossification was completed. Favonigobius gymnauchen and Tridentiger obscurus showed similar characteristics in terms of the anus location of hatched larvae, number of myotomes, and melanophore distribution during the morphological development of the larvae and juveniles. However, this study confirmed differences in the development of the vertebrae and urostyle bone.

• Clinical Pain
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• v.19 no.1
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• pp.28-31
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• 2020

The incidence of heterotopic ossification (HO) was reported to be higher in combat-injured patients than in civilian trauma patients. HO is often considered a possible cause of residual limbs pain in amputee. Here, we report the case of a 21-year-old male, who underwent a traumatic right transfemoral and left transtibial amputation with two segments of painful HO around his left amputation site. We report the effect of extracorporeal shock wave therapy (ESWT) on size and pain associated with HO. After ESWT, the visual analog scale score decreased from 5~6 to 0~1 and the size of two masses decreased from 13.1 × 6.7 mm and 12.5 mm to 11.9 × 4.7 mm and 12.2 mm, respectively. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first case that has reported on the treatment of HO using ESWT for a traumatic transtibial amputation patient. The case suggests that ESWT could serve as a complementary treatment for HO in traumatic amputation patient.

• Journal of Acupuncture Research
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• v.40 no.3
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• pp.265-271
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• 2023

Ossification of the posterior longitudinal ligament (OPLL) is a disease that narrows the spinal canal, causing neurological symptoms. To date, there have been several reports on traditional Korean medicine treatments for OPLL; however, there is no study on complex acupuncture treatment. Herein, we report 2 cases of cervical OPLL involving cervical pain, upper limb radiating pain, and hypoesthesia. The patients were diagnosed using C-spine computed tomography and did not receive any treatment at any other hospital. The patients were treated with acupuncture treatments, including electroacupuncture, pharmacopuncture, and acupotomy, at Daegu Korean Medicine Hospital at Daegu Haany University. The results were assessed using the visual analog scale, neck disability index, and Japanese Orthopedic Association scores, and the results indicated an improvement in the symptoms. Thus, this study demonstrated that complex acupuncture treatment may be helpful for treating cervical OPLL and improving the quality of life.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Radiology
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• v.84 no.4
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• pp.958-963
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• 2023

Primary peritoneal psammocarcinoma is a rare type of serous carcinoma that is characterized by the massive formation of psammoma bodies and the invasion of adjacent organs. A 55-year-old female who previously underwent a hysterectomy presented to the emergency room with severe abdominal pain. Contrast-enhanced CT revealed an intra-abdominal calcific mass. Initially, it was thought to be a heterotopic ossification due to the previous pelvic surgery with intact ovaries. However, this was diagnosed as a primary peritoneal psammocarcinoma. Primary peritoneal psammocarcinoma is a very rare disease entity that should be considered a differential diagnosis in patients with normal ovaries, massive ossification in the pelvic cavity, and calcific peritoneal nodules.

• Korean Journal of Fisheries and Aquatic Sciences
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• v.45 no.3
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• pp.271-282
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• 2012

Early osteological development of the skull, vertebral column, and fins, and squamation in the spotted sea bass, Lateolabrax maculates, were studied under extensive larval rearing conditions. The first ossification during cephalic skeleton development began with the premaxillary, dentary, and parasphenoid at 6.4 mm Total length (Notochord length 6.1 mm) and was completed by 25.2 mm TL (Standard length 20.3 mm). Ossification of the cartilaginous caudal complex started simultaneously in the urostyle and two preural centra at 12.2 mm TL (10.4 mm) and it was completely ossified by 32.0 mm TL (26.4 mm). The principal caudal fin rays, with a count of 9/8, began to ossify at 11.6 mm TL (10.2 mm) and the procurrent caudal fin rays, with counts of 4 (upper) and 3 (lower), started to ossify by 12.6 mm TL (10.9 mm). Ossification of these parts was completed by 21.4 mm TL (17.5 mm). Ossification of the vertebral column was first observed in the first to fourth centra at 8.3 mm TL (7.5 mm) and was fully completed by 21.7-35.0 mm TL (17.8-29.3 mm). The pectoral girdle started to ossify by 5.6 mm TL (5.4 mm) and was completed by 26.8 mm TL (21.8 mm). Eight pectoral fin rays were ossified at 11.6 mm TL (10.2 mm) and 16-18 rays were fully ossified by 13.8 mm TL (12.0 mm). Also, the dorsal, anal, and pelvic fin rays started to ossify at 12.2 mm TL (10.4 mm) and were completed by 12.8 mm TL (11.2 mm), 23.8 mm TL (19.4 mm), and 13.8 mm TL (12.0 mm), respectively. Ossification of the anal and dorsal pterygiophores initially occurred by 12.6 mm TL (10.9 mm) and 14.3 mm TL (12.2 mm), and was completed by 21.4 mm TL (17.5 mm) and 19.3 mm TL (15.9 mm), respectively. Squamation started at three centers of differentiation: the middle region of the trunk, the anterior of the caudal peduncle, and on the caudal peduncle at 23.8 mm TL (19.4 mm). The body was covered with scales, except the snout, at 57.2-60.2 mm TL (SL 47.1-49.2 mm).

• Korean Journal of Ichthyology
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• v.29 no.1
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• pp.32-40
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• 2017

Samples were obtained from broodstok in May, 2010, while naturally fertilized embryos were maintained, and the process of skeletal development was observed from larvae and juvenile. Prelarvae immediately after hatching showed an average total length of $6.85{\pm}0.63mm$ (n =5), Premaxillary and dentary were ossified, parasphenoid was ossified in the cranium, and centrum and caudal bone did not ossify. Prelarvae showed ossification with maxillary, articular, and epihyal, and branchiostegal rays of hyoid arch were ossified at 2 to 3 days after hatching with an average total length of $7.25{\pm}0.28mm$ (n=5). The vertebrae began to ossify in the direction of the tail, and neural spine began to ossify above the ossified vertebra. Postlarvae showed ossification of lateral ethmoid, alisphenoid, parietal, and caudal skeleton in the cranium when the average total length was $9.00{\pm}1.53mm$ (n=5) in 6 days after hatching. At 40 days after hatching, postlarvae ossified maxillary in the cranium, and ossified endopterygoid and ectopterygoid, etc. in the palate, when the average length of $23.3{\pm}0.28mm$ (n=5). At 120 days after hatching, with the average length was $37.5{\pm}2.83mm$ (n=5), caudal skeleton had one additional epural bone ossification, resulting in ossification of a total of 3 epural bone to complete ossification of all spicules.