• Title/Summary/Keyword: oriental medicinal plant

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Enhancement of Spermidine Content and Antioxidant Capacity by Modulating Ginseng Spermidine synthase in Response to Abiotic and Biotic Stresses

  • Parvin, Shohana;Lee, Ok-Ran;Sathiyaraj, Gayathri;Kim, Yu-Jin;Khorolragchaa, Altanzul;Yang, Deok-Chun
    • 한국자원식물학회:학술대회논문집
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    • 한국자원식물학회 2011년도 임시총회 및 추계학술발표회
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    • pp.14-14
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    • 2011

  • Polyamines (putrescine, spermidine and spermine) play pivotal roles in plant defense to different abiotic and biotic stresses. In order to understand the function of ginseng spermidine synthase gene, a key gene involved in biosynthesis of polyamines, transgenic plant was generated in Arabidopsis. The transgenic plants exhibited high levels of polyamines compared to the untransformed control plants. We investigated the tolerance capacity of transgenic plants to abiotic stresses such as salinity and copper stress. In addition, transgenic plants also showed increased resistance against one of the important fungal pathogens of ginseng, the wilt causing Fusarium oxysporum and one of important bacteria, bacterial blight causing Pseudomonas syringae. However, an activity of the polyamine catabolic enzyme, diamine oxidase (DAO) was increased significantly in F. oxysporum and P. syringae infected transgenic plant. Polyamine catabolic enzymes which may trigger the hypersensitive response (HR) by producing hydrogen peroxide ($H_2O_2$) seem act as an inducer of PR proteins, peroxidase and phenyl ammonium lyase activity. The transgenic plants also contained higher antioxidant enzyme activities, less MDA and $H_2O_2$ under salt and copper stress than the wild type, implying it suffered from less injury. These results strongly suggest an important role of spermidine as a signaling regulator in stress signaling pathways, leading to build-up of stress tolerance mechanisms.

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Single Somatic Embryogenesis from Transformant with Proteinase II Gene in Panax ginseng C.A. Meyer

  • Yang, Deok-Chun;Kim, Se-Young;Rho, Yeong-Deok;Kim, Moo-Sung
    • Plant Resources
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    • 제6권3호
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    • pp.205-210
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    • 2003

  • Ginseng(Panax ginseng C.A. Meyer) is a perennial herbaceous plant which grows very slowly. It takes about 3 to 4 years from seeding to collecting the ripe seeds and the ginseng propagation is very difficult. and so, it is very difficult to breed ginseng plant. Ginseng tissue culture was started from at 1960, and ginseng commercial product by in vitro callus culture was saled, however upto now, regenerants were not planted to soil normally. Recently, plant genetic engineering to produce transgenic plants by introducing useful genes has been advanced greatly. In a present paper, transformation of ginseng plants was achieved by co-cultivation with Agrobacterium harboring the binary vector coding Proteinase-II gene, which confer resistant or tolerant to insect pests, The binary vector for transformation was constructed with disarmed Ti-plasmid and with double 35S promoter. The NPT II gene and introduced genes of the transgenic ginseng plants were successfully identified by the PCR. Especially the transgenic ginseng plants were regenerated using new techniques such as repetitive single somatic embryogenesis.

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Growth-inhibiting Effects of Brazilian and Oriental Medicinal Plants on Human Intestinal Bacteria

  • Kim, Moo-Key;Lee, Sung-Eun;Lee, Hoi-Seon
    • Journal of Applied Biological Chemistry
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    • 제43권1호
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    • pp.54-58
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    • 2000

  • Methanol extracts of 27 Brazilian plant samples and 10 oriental medicinal plant samples (27 families), using spectrophotometric and paper disc agar diffusion methods under anaerobic conditions, were tested in vitro for their growth-inhibiting activities against Bifidobacterium longum, Bifidobacterium bifidum, Bifidobacterium adolescentis, Clostridium perfringens, and Bacteroides fragilis. The responses varied with bacterial strains, plant species, and tissues sampled. In a test with B. longum and B. bifidum(20 mg/disc), extracts of Acanthopanax sessilifolinus stem bark and Ampelozizyphus amazonicus leaves strongly inhibited the growth of B. longum, whereas other plant samples did not inhibit any intestinal bacteria tested. At 5 mg/disc, adding extracts of Aralia eleta, Euterpe oleracea, and Syzygium guineense to the media strongly inhibited the growth of C. perfringens and B. fragilis without growth inhibition of B. adolescentis, B. longum, and B. bifidum. Extracts of Jacaranda mimosifolia and Ulmus paraifolia significantly inhibited the growth of C. perfringens and B. fragilis as well as B. adolescentis. These results may be indications of at least one of the pharmacological actions of the five Brazilian plants but not oriental medicinal plants tested.

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In vitro propagation of Coleus forskohlii, an important medicinal plant

  • Yang, Deok-hun;Jeon, Manju-Meluttu-George;Jong-Seong
    • Plant Resources
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    • 제6권2호
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    • pp.129-133
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    • 2003

  • For mass multiplication of an important medicinal plant Coleus forskohlii, a procedure for the high frequency regeneration of Coleus forskohlii has been developed using leaf explants via callus culture. Callus formation occurred in MS medium supplemented with 1-2 mg/L each of NAA and BAP. A large number of shoots were formed on MS + 1 mg/L BAP from 50-60 days old greenish calli. Rooting of healthy shoots occurred on 0.1-0.4 mg/L NAA. The protocol described could be useful in future for genetic manipulation of this plant species.

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