• Journal of Nutrition and Health
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• 제13권1호
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• pp.51-58
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• 1980

계절별(繫節別)로 안동지방(安東地方)에서 생산(生産)되는 김치재료(材料) 채소의 농약오염도(農藥汚染度)를 보기 위하여 배추, 무우. 마늘, 고추, 오이등(等)을 수집하여 유기염소계(有機鹽素系)와 유기린계(有機燐系) 농약(農藥)을 분석(分析)해 본 결과(結果)는 다음과 같았다. 1) 초여름김치 재료(材料)채소에는 유기염소계(有機鹽素系) 농약오염(農藥汚染)이 많은 편이었고 때로는 잔류허용량(殘留許容陽)을 넘는 경우가 있었으며 토양살충제(土壤殺蟲劑)인 Heptachlor의 오염빈도(汚染頻度)는 가장 높았다. 2) 유기린계농약(有機燐系農藥)은 유기염소계농약(有機鹽素系農藥)에 비(比)하여 검출(檢出)되는 빈도(頻度)도 낮고 잔류허용량(殘留許容陽)에도 미치는 일이 없었다. 3) 늦여름 채소에 오염(汚染)된 유기염소농약(有機鹽素農藥)은 초여름 보다 높은 농도(濃度)로 검출(檢出)되는 경우가 많았고 반면에 유기린계농약(有機燐系農藥)의 검출(檢出)은 훨씬 그 빈도(頻度)가 낮았다. 4) 늦가을 김장용 채소의 오염농약농도(汚染農藥濃度)는 매우 낮았으며 검출빈도(檢出頻度)도 낮았다. 5) 늦가을 김장채소에는 잔류성(殘留性)이 약한 유기린계농약(有機燐系農藥)의 오염(汚染)은 거의 볼 수 없었다. 6) 이상(以上)의 결과(結果)로 농약사용량(農藥使用量)이 많은 여름철 채소를 많이 섭취하는 것은 그 잔류성(殘留性)으로 보아 위생적(衛生的)으로 불안(不安)한 일이라 하겠다.

• 한국식품위생안전성학회지
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• 제11권2호
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• pp.99-105
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• 1996

An attempt was made to determine the residual distribution of organochlorine and organophosphorus pesticides in the various kinds of Korean tea which were purchased form the maket. The organochlorine pesticides investigated in this study were BHC, DDT and dicofol and the organophoshorus pesticides were diazinon, EPN, fenitrothion and parathion. The pesticide residues were determined by GC-ECD and BHC was detected in all the samples and it's level were ranged from 0.00064 po 0.05995 ppm and it's average was 0.00682 ppm and DDT, dicofol and organophosphorus pesticides were not detected in all samples. The organophophorus pesticides were detected(0.0035∼0.0983 ppm) in raw materials but were not in the manufactured material and it is considered that the largely components of the pesticides is removed by drying and high temperature while the tea was manufactured. The recovery tests of the pesticides gave satisfactory results showing an average yield of 97.6% with organochlorine pesticides and 92.5% with organophoshorus pesticides and the detection limits level were 0.00008 ppm to 0.0010 ppm.

• 대한수의학회지
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• 제17권2호
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• pp.63-71
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• 1977

During the period of March, 1976 to December, 1976, 48 raw milk samples were taken from dairy cows at 48 different dairy farms in Korea analyzed by gas liquid chromatography to determine the seasonal variation of the amount of organochlorine pesticide residues. At the same time 80 market milk, 10 beef and 10 pork samples were analyed by the same procedure for checking residual levels. The results were summarized as follows; 1. Milk samples from 17 dairy farms (36 per cent of tatal) were shown to be contaminated with various organochlorine pesticides. The residua lrate of ${\gamma}-BHC$ in tested samples were 44per cent (14 sam ples) that of aldrine was 28 per cent (9 samples) and those of pp'-DDT, dieldrin and heptachlor were 9.3 percent (3 samples) respectively. 2. In raw milk pp'-DDT, ${\gamma}-BHC$, aldrin, dieldrin and heptachlor were detected, and aldrin, dieldrin and heptachlor were detected in the market milk. Any kinds of organochlorine pesticides were not detected in beef samples but dieldrin and heptachlor were detected in pork samples. Average residual values of aldrin, dieldrin and heptachlor in the market milk were 0.0077 ppm (0.0000~1.1100 ppm), 0.0001ppm (0.0000~0.0500 ppm) and 0.0008 ppm (0.0000~2.0520 ppm), respectively, and those of dieldrin and heptachlor in pork samples were 0.0010 ppm (0.0000~0.0100 ppm) and 0.0033 ppm (0.0000~0.0330 ppm). respectively. 3. Residues of organochlorine pesticides in raw milk were extremely variable; in fact pp'-DDT was detected in milk samples from A, B, C and D districts and endrin was not detected from all districts. The ${\gamma}-BHC$ and dieldrin were detected at the district of A, C and D, aldrin at the districts of A and C and heptachlor at the districts of both A and D. 4. Seasonal trends of residual values of organochlorine pesticides were, in general, noticeable. The residual level was much higher in Spring than in other seasons and showed the tendeney of decrease from spring through summer and autumn generally; in the case of pp'-DDT average residual values were 0.0121 ppm in spring, 0.0022 ppm in summer and not detected in autumn. But in winter ${\gamma}-BHC$ and aldrin residues were increased a little. Residual values in raw milk (when cow are fed on hay and silage) were appeared higher in winter than the other seasons. 5. Residues of organochlorine pesticides in raw milk were not related in respect to hygienic conditions of dairy farms pp'-DDT and heptachlor were, in general, detected in all farms and aldrin was more detected in milk from well sanitated farms than poor sanitated ones.

• Applied Biological Chemistry
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• 제23권1호
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• pp.58-63
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• 1980

유기염소제(有機鹽素劑)-PCBs 혼합(混合) 환경시료(環境試料)의 잔류분(殘留分) 분석(分析)을 목적(目的)으로 PCBs의 오염(汚染) 가능성(可能性)이 짙은 공단주위(工團周圍) 수원(水原), 이리(裡里) 및 칠곡(漆谷) 지역(地域)의 하천(河川)과 전답(田沓) 토양(土壤)을 분석(分析)하여 다음과 같은 결과(結果)를 얻었다. 공시(供試) 토양시료(土壤試料)는 모두 유기염소제(有機鹽素劑)에 의(依)하여 오염(汚染)되어 있었으나, PCBs는 1개(個) 시료(試料)에서도 검출(檢出)되지 않았다. 8가지 유기염소제(有機鹽素劑) 농약잔류분(農藥殘留分)에 대한 오염율(汚染率)은 수원토양(水原土壤), 이리토양(裡里土壤), 칠곡토양(漆谷土壤) 순(順)으로 감소(減少)하였다. BHC 이성질체(異性質體)와 DDT는 모든 시료(試料)에서 발견(發見)되았다. DDT의 잔류수준(殘留水準)은 $0.006{\sim}0.840\;ppm$으로 가장 높았는데, 미지(未知)의 화합물(化合物)이 기여(寄與)했을 가능성(可能性)을 전적(全的)으로 배제(配除)할 수는 없다.

• 한국환경과학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국환경과학회 1997년도 가을 학술발표회 프로그램
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• pp.37-39
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• 1997

Pesticide residues were extracted with 70% acetone and transferred to dichloromethane. Extracts were applied to open-column chromatography with florisil and alumina-N, The final extract was analyzed by gas chromatography with electron-capture detector(GC/ECD) and nitrogen-phosphorus detector(GC/NPD). Recoveries of the 17 organochlorine pesticides were ranged from 60.8 to 84.9% and those of 15 organophosphorus pesticides, from 70.5 to 100.0%(except phosmet and azinphos-methyl). The minimum detectable levels of this analytical method were low (0.021-0.058 mg/kg).

• Food Science and Biotechnology
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• 제15권1호
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• pp.57-62
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• 2006

Six organophosphorus, one organochlorine, and three synthetic pyrethroid pesticides were analyzed for their residues during washing and hot-air drying of red peppers conducted in the production of powder. The residue ratio in organophosphorus pesticides was 33% in chlorpyrifos, 31 % in diazinon, 50% in methidathion, 80% in EPN, 28% in fenitrothion, and 60% in profenofos. The ratio in pyrethroids was 109% in cypermethrin, 102% in deltamethrin, and 106% in fenvalerate. That in organochlorine was 56% in ${\alpha}$-endosulfan and 90% in ${\beta}$-endosulfan. The results were greatly different between organophosphorus and pyrethroid pesticides. UV irradiation along with hot-air drying brought about a remarkable reduction of the residues, up to 70% as compared with hot-air drying only. The removal effect was most remarkable in pyrethroids, which are hardly removed by hot-air drying. The color of the pepper was not changed during UV irradiation. The use of oxidizing agents such as hydrogen peroxide or chlorine dioxide during washing did not show a remarkable removal of residues. The residue ratio was not affected whether the pesticide is contaminated artificially or naturally.

• 생약학회지
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• 제32권3호통권126호
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• pp.200-211
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• 2001

This study was carried out to determine the 11 organochlorine, 7 organophosphorus residual pesticides in 251 crude drugs. These residual pesticides in herbal drugs were extracted with acetonitrile and the extracts were cleaned up via LC-florisil solid phase extraction column. The prepared samples were assayed for pesticide residues using GC-ECD, NPD with capillary column and identified by GC-MSD. Recoveries were $63.9{\sim}111.5%$ in the organochlorine pesticides and $69.8{\sim}92.4%$ in the organophosphorus pesticides, and detection limits were $0.001{\sim}0.65\;ppm$ in the organochlorine pesticides and $0.0009{\sim}0.0074\;ppm$ in the organophosphorus pesticides. Pesticide residues were detected in 9 cases.

• 한국동물위생학회지
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• 제28권3호
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• pp.285-294
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• 2005

This study was conducted to investigate the extraction method for the determination of organochlorine, organophosphorus and synthetic pyrethroid pesticide residues in beef fat by gas chromatography-mass selective detector(GC-MSD). Twenty one pesticide residues in fat were determined using a simple and rapid procedure based on solid- phase extraction(SPE) clean-up cartridges with octadecyl $(C_{18})-bonded$ porous silica, florisil, $10\%$ deactivated florisil. a tandem $C_{18}$ and florisil and a tandem $C_{18}$ and $10\%$ deactivated florisil. Solvent-solvent extraction using acetonitrile was not satisfied to eliminate fat interference for pesticide residue analysis by GC-MSD, and the recoveries of the method in fat ranged from 16.2 to $57.3\%$ except DDT$(83.2\%)$. The recoveries of SPE methods using a tandem $C_{18}$ and Florisil was $59.6\~123.8\%$ except fenitrothion $(135.2\%)$. the SPE method was verified the satisfactory performance of pre-treatment for pesticide residues analysis in fat by GC-MSD. The efficiency of florisil deactivated with $10\%$ water has been not proved significantly on recoveries of pesticide residues in fat.

• 한국환경농학회지
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• 제17권3호
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• pp.205-210
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• 1998

1995년 4월부터 1997년 12월까지 약 3년간에 걸쳐 강원도지역에 납품되어 급식된 19종 농산물에 대하여 농산물의 안전성을 확보하고 보건 위생상의 위해를 예방하기 위한 기초 자료로 활용하기 위하여 검사를 수행하였다. 유기염소계 8종을 ECD가 부착된 Gas Chromatography에 의하여 다음과 같은 결과를 얻었다. 1. 농산물 673건중 유기염소계 농약이 159건(23.6%)에서 검출되었으며, 이중 2종류의 농약이 검출된 농산물은 24건(15.1%)이었다. 2. Chlorobenzilate, Dicofol 및 Tetradifon는 전 시료에서 검출되지 않았다. 3. 농약의 검출범위는 DDT $0.001{\sim}0.117ppm$, ${\gamma}-BHC$ $0.001{\sim}0.095ppm$, ${\alpha},{\beta}-Endosulfan$ $0.001{\sim}0.067ppm$, Chlorothalonil $0.003{\sim}0.250ppm$, Captafol 0.033ppm이었다. 4. 각 농약의 평균 잔류량은 DDT 0.006ppm, ${\gamma}-BHC$ 0.009ppm, ${\alpha},{\beta}-Endosulfan$ 0.008ppm, Chlorothalonil 0.024ppm, Captafol 0.033ppm이었다. 단 잔류 허용 기준을 초과하는 농산물은 1건도 없었다.

• 한국환경과학회지
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• 제6권4호
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• pp.385-389
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• 1997

농약 잔류물을 70% acetone으로 추출한 다음 dichloromethane 층으로 옮겨 추출물을 florisil과 alumina-N으로 충진시켜 column chromatography를 행하였다. 마지막 추출물을 electron-capture detector(GC/ECD)와 nitrogen-phosphorus detector(GC/NPD)를 가진 GC로 분석하였다. 분석 결과 17 가지의 유기염소계 농약과 15 가지의 유기인계 농약의 회수율이 각각 60.8 에서 84.9%와 70.5에서 100.0%의 범위이었으며(phosmet와 azlnphos-methyl은 제외) 본 분석 방법의 최소 검출 준위도 낮았다(0.021-0.058mg/kg).