• Economic and Environmental Geology
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• v.36 no.5
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• pp.349-356
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• 2003

As industrial activities are growing, pollutants found in the contaminated land are getting diverse. Some contaminated areas are subject to mixed wastes containing both organic and inorganic wastes such as hydrocarbon and heavy metals. This study concerns with the influence of the degradation of organic pollutants on the coexisting heavy metals, expecially for As. As mainly exists as two different oxidation state; As(III) and As(V) and the conversion between the two chemical forms may be induced by organic degradation in the soil contaminated by mixed wastes. We operated microcosm in an anaerobic chamber for 60 days, using sandy loam. The soils in the microcosm are artificially contaminated both by tetradecane and As, with different combination of As(III) and As(V); As(III):As(V) 1:1, As(III) only and As(V) only. Although not systematic, ratio of As(III)/As(Total) increase slightly at the later stage of experiment. Considering complicated geochemical reactions involving oxidation/reduction of organic materials, Mn/Fe oxides and As, the findings in the study seem to indicate the degradation of the organics is connected with the As speciation. That is to say, the As(V) can be reduced to As(III) either by direct or indirect influence induced by the organic degradation. Although Fe and Mn are good oxidising agent for the oxidation of As(III) to As(V), organic degradation may have suppressed reductive dissolution of the Fe and Mn oxides, causing the organic pollutants to retard the oxidation of As(III) to As(V) until the organic degradation ceases. The possible influence of organic degradation on the As speciation implies that the As in mixed wastes may be have elevated toxicity and mobility by partial conversion from As(V) to As(III).

• Journal of Environmental Science International
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• v.28 no.11
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• pp.983-991
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• 2019

This study investigated the use of a hydroxyl-radicals-generated microbubble/catalyst (MB/Cat) system for removing organic pollutants, nitrogen, and phosphorous from liquid fertilizer produced by livestock wastewater treatment. Use of the MB/Cat system aims to improve the quality of liquid fertilizer by removing pollutants originally found in the wastewater. In addition, a reduction effect has been reported for antibiotics classified as representative non-biodegradable matter. Samples of liquid fertilizer produced by an aerobic biological reactor for swine wastewater treatment were first analyzed for initial concentrations of pollutants and antibiotics. When the MB/Cat system was applied to the liquid fertilizer, TCOD, TOC, $BOD_5$, and $NH_3-N$, and $PO_4-P$ removal efficiencies were found to be approximately 52%, 51%, 30%, 21%, and 66%, respectively. Additionally, Amoxicillin hydrate was removed by 10%, and Chlortetracycline HCl and Florfenicol were not present at detectable levels These findings confirm that the MB/Cat system can be used with livestock wastewater treatment to improve liquid fertilizer quality and to process wastewater that is safe for agricultural re-use.

• Journal of Korean Society of Environmental Engineers
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• v.27 no.12
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• pp.1332-1339
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• 2005

The purpose of this study is to the distributive property of organic pollutants in effluents of domestic sewage treatment plants around Youngsan River using simultaneous analysis method of 310 chemicals. The numerous organic pollutants were detected in five sampling sites, and the major chemicals were pesticides, CH type chemicals such as benzenes and polycyclic compounds, ande CHO type chemicals such as phenols and phthalates. About 14 pesticides were detected in the effluent and most of them were found in summer. 1-Chlorobenzen and p-octylphenol were frequently detected in the concentration range of $0.52{\sim}0.61\;{\mu}g/L$ and $0.04{\sim}0.89\;{\mu}g/L$, respectively. Moreover, 18 kinds of endocrine disrupters include diethylphthalate were detected in effluents. From the results of this study, therefore, we confirmed that the pesticides, CH and CHO type chemicals in domestic effluents throughout Youngsan River are required specific regulation.

• Journal of Practical Agriculture & Fisheries Research
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• v.12 no.1
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• pp.63-75
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• 2010

United Nations Environment Program adopted a global binding agreement to regulate the production and distribution for the persistent organic pollutants (POPs) in May 22, 2001. The agreement took its effectuation with the ratification of 59 countries from the approval of 151 countries in May 17, 2004. After the approval on the binding agreement in October 4, 2001, South Korea performed systematic investigation for the ready of ratification on the convention with country-specific exemption for some chemical substances. Case study with documentary examination and fact-finding survey found some potential problem for 5 chemical substances such as chlordane, dichloro diphenyl trichloroethane (DDT), hexachlorobenzenes (HCB), heptachlor, polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs). However, subsequent investigation with more detailed degree showed the possibility for the ratification with no country-specific exemption.

• Analytical Science and Technology
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• v.22 no.2
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• pp.119-127
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• 2009

This study was carried out to investigate the distribution characteristics of persistent organic pollutants in incineration residues at industrial waste incinerators and municipal solid waste incinerators, which were analyzed by the official analytical method for the endocrine disrupting chemicals and the waste. Seven of 12 persistent organic pollutants were quantitatively analyzed by GC-MSD (SIM-mode). Hexachlorobenzene was detected in 21 samples among 44 incineration residues. The level of hexachlorobenzene was 0.132-8.138 ng/g in incineration residues, 0.195-5.765 ng/g in fly ash at industrial waste incinerators, 0.270-1.828 ng/g in bottom ash and 0.154-50.643 ng/g in fly ash at municipal solid waste incinerators, respectively.

• Journal of Korean Society of Water and Wastewater
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• v.21 no.3
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• pp.323-329
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• 2007

There is no certain definition about advanced drinking water treatment but it is generally known as activated carbon process, membrane process or ozone process which can remove non-conventional pollutants such as taste and odor compounds, and micro-pollutants. There are more than 20 processes related to activated carbon as adsorber or biological activated carbon in Korea. The saturated carbon by pollutants can be reused by reactivation. However, the effect of reactivation on activated carbon is not well-understood in terms of changing physical properties of carbon to adsorption capacity of natural organic matter (NOM). In this study, the effects of reactivation on physical properties of activated carbon were investigated by isotherm and breakthrough of NOM. Ash content was increased from 8% to 13.3%. Iodine number is commonly used as an indicator for performance of reactivation. The iodine number was decreased about 20% after reactivating twice. The degree of reactivation can be evaluated by not only iodine number but also apparent density.

• Journal of Korean Society of Water and Wastewater
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• v.20 no.1
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• pp.79-85
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• 2006

Innovated technique to oxidize pollutants has been developed. The technique for this study uses plasma discharge in 2-phase (Air-Water) and is called Discharged Water Generating (DWG) system. It produces electric arc which generates not only the physical decomposing power against the pollutants but also oxidants to sterilize pollutants depending on the inlet gas species. These physical and chemical products play an important role in COD decrease and biodegradability enhancement. The enhancement of biodegradability for the refractory organic substances in aqueous solution was estimated in this study. Argon discharge reduced NBDCOD of EDTA from 58.7mg/L to 38.8mg/L, but oxygen discharge and ozonation reduced it to 37.74mg/L and 38.73mg/L respectively. Furthermore, Argon discharge changed 1181mg/L of NBDCOD of dye effluent into 606mg/L but oxygen discharge and ozonation changed it into 888mg/L and 790mg/L respectively.

• Korean Journal of Environmental Agriculture
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• v.27 no.3
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• pp.285-291
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• 2008

A global binding agreement was adopted with the leading of United Nations Environment Program (UNEP) on May 22, 2001 in Stockholm to regulate the production and distribution on persistent organic pollutants (POPs). The agreement took effectuation with the ratification of 59 countries from the approval of 151 countries on May 17, 2004. After the approval on October 4, 2001, South Korea performed systematical investigation on POP-related substances such as chlordane, dichloro diphenyl trichloroethane (DDT), hexachlorobenzenes (HCB), heptachlor, polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs) to get ready for the ratification of the convention with country-specific exemption. The domestic distributions of those chemical substances have been officially prohibited since the late 1960s to the early 1980s. Although there were occasional reports for the detection of some of those chemical substances, those performed minute signification in their existence in the environment. A series of investigation with documentary examination and fact-finding survey showed the possibility for the ratification on the convention without country-specific exemption.

• Journal of Environmental Health Sciences
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• v.32 no.4 s.91
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• pp.275-281
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• 2006

Indoor air quality is the dominant contributor to total personal exposure because most people spend a majority of their time indoors. Especially exposure to indoor air can potentially pose a greater threat than exposure to ambient air when indoor environments have sources of contaminants. In this study, volatile organic compounds (VOCs) and formaldehyde (HCHO) within newly constructed apartment have been determined in 27 houses of apartment in Seoul from December 2004 to March 2005. The measured indoor air pollutants were HCHO, volatile organic compounds including benzene, toluene, styrene, xylene, ethylbenzene and sampled on the standard method of Ministry of Environment in Korea. The indoor levels for benzene, xylene, toluene, ethylbenzene, styrene, and HCHO have significant increase trend after 5 hours closing of windows and doors. Levels of measured air pollutants concentrations between living rooms and bedrooms have not shown significant difference. Spearman correlation coefficient among the measured air pollutants ranged from 0.303 to 0.946, indicating similar source in building materials.

• Journal of Marine Bioscience and Biotechnology
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• v.8 no.1
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• pp.10-17
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• 2016

A wide-spread contamination of persistent organic pollutants (POPs) such as dioxins, PCBs, PBDEs in the aquatic ecosystem has generated a great concern over the potential risk for these substances to impact marine biotas and food web. Since a major exposure route of these substances to the humans is through the consumption of food including fish and marine byproducts, the consumption of contaminated products has been a great public health concern. Exposure to POPs has been associated with a wide spectrum of adverse effects including reproductive, developmental, immunologic, carcinogenic, and neurotoxic effects. This review covers the background information of key POPs substances and the recent development of toxicity studies including the mode of action. Because neurotoxic effects of some POPs have been observed in humans at low concentrations, polychlorinated biphenyl (PCB), a representative chemical of POPs, is focused to discuss the possible mode(s) of action for the neurotoxic effects. This review provides the updates of toxicity studies on POPs and paves ways to discuss a possible implication of contaminated marine biota over the human health among the marine biotechnology researchers.