• 센서학회지
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• 제13권6호
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• pp.454-461
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• 2004

We have designed a portable electronic nose (e-nose) system using an array of commercial gas sensors and personal digital assistants (PDA) for the recognition and analysis of volatile organic compounds (VOC) in the field. Field screening of pollutants has been a target of instrumental development during the past years. A portable e-nose system was advantageous to localize the special extent of a pollution or to find pollutants source. The employment of PDA improved the user-interface and data transfer by Internet from on-site to remote computer. We adapted the Lavenberg-Marquardt algorithm based on the back-propagation and proposed the method that could predict the concentration levels of VOC gases after classification by separating neural network into two parts.

• 대한설비공학회:학술대회논문집
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• 대한설비공학회 2008년도 하계학술발표대회 논문집
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• pp.981-985
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• 2008

Construction company's role is getting bigger recently because of interest of indoor air quality problem. The using environment-friendly building finishing material is the most benefit method to reduce pollutants in house. It is confirmed the actual condition of environment-friendly building finishing material such as wallpapers, wooden flooring boards, glues, paints, adhesives, plaster boards that are used the work of apartment construction in 2006-2007. It shows that environment-friendly materials have excellent grade mostly, general materials have pass I, pass II grade mostly and are high TVOC emission.

• 제어로봇시스템학회:학술대회논문집
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• 제어로봇시스템학회 2001년도 ICCAS
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• pp.61.3-61
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• 2001

Field screening for pollutants has been a target of instrumental development for number of years. An electronic nose can be of substantial benefit to rapidly localize the spatial extent of a pollution or to find pollutant source. Although an electronic nose cannot separate complex composition into the whole spectrum of present volatile organic compound(VOC) in pollutants such as Gas chromatography(GC), qualitative and semi-quantitative chemical characterizations are rapidly available on site at a low cost using the optimum sensory system and pattern recognition algorithm based on neural network.

• Membrane and Water Treatment
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• 제10권1호
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• pp.83-89
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• 2019

The most common way of reducing non-point source pollutants from agricultural areas is the installation of reservoirs. However, this method is only effective for surface runoff of settleable pollutants. This study was conducted to estimate the effect of interflow, baseflow, and surface runoff on pollutant runoff in a small agricultural catchment. Runoff of organic matters, SS, and T-P were directly proportional to the rainfall variation, while ammonia and nitrate were inversely proportional to the amount of rainfall. The interflow and baseflow was only 46% of the total stream flow, but the nitrate load reached 78%. The interflow as a nutrient transport pathway should be considered for managing a stream water quality. It requires careful attention and appropriate control methodology such as vegetation to consider the influence by interflow. The reservoir as a dry extended detention pond (DEDP) has function of nutrient captor.

• 상하수도학회지
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• 제25권5호
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• pp.783-790
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• 2011

The purpose of this study was to suggest the alternative measures to properly manage the water quality of Lake Euiam, Chuncheon. Current pollution level of Gongji stream (influent to Lake Euiam) and sources of contamination in Lake Euiam were investigated. Particle size, organic matter and nutrient contents, heavy metals were analyzed for sediment samples taken from lower region of Gongji stream. Average organic matter content of nine sediment samples was 5.7%, and for nitrogen and phosphorus it was 750 mg/kg and 977mg/kg, respectively. Heavy metals including aluminum, iron, manganese and zinc were measured, whereas Cd and As were not detected. Effluent from Chuncheon Wastewater Treatment Plant appeared to be one of the main cause of organic matter and nutrients level in Lake Euiam. Inhibition of primary production and consequent reduction of organic matter content within the Lake should be a key measure to protect the water quality of Lake Euiam. Preventive measures to reduce the level of nutrients in wastewater treatment effluent were found necessary.

• 대한자원환경지질학회:학술대회논문집
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• 대한자원환경지질학회 2002년도 춘계 공동학술발표회
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• pp.8-10
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• 2002

POPs in sediments and soil in the PRD are comparable to or much higher than those reported in other regions. Some sites may be classified as POPs- polluted with high ecological risks. Large-scale land transform in the process of regional urbanization may facilitate the transfer of POPs in the soil to the sedimentary system by enhancing the soil run-off. Urban atmospheric PCBs in PRD are found to be less than some of the North American or European urbans, but PAHs are significantly higher. The center of the PRD has been the major source area of PAHs and organochlorine pesticides in the PRD. The northern part of the PRD serves as a regional sink for the air particulates and affiliated POPs.

• 자원ㆍ환경경제연구
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• 제21권1호
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• pp.175-210
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• 2012

2012년부터 유기성 폐기물의 해양투기가 전면 금지됨에 따라 우리나라도 이러한 국제 협약을 준수해야 한다. 이에 따라 유기성 폐기물을 대폭 저감하기 위해 다양한 방법들이 제시되고 있으나 바이오가스화는 배출량 저감과 동시에 에너지 생산이 가능하다는 점에서 가장 주목받는 기술이다. 그러나 경제성이 낮기 때문에 정부 보조가 불가피한데 7,800여억 원에 이르는 보조금에 대한 재원 확보가 시급한 상황이다. 한편 축산분뇨나 음식물 쓰레기, 하수 슬러지 등의 유기성 폐기물은 비접오염원에 해당된다. 비접오염원에 대한 직접적인 배출부과금 제도는 오염원과 오염 수준 간의 높은 불확실성으로 인해 실효성이 낮은 것으로 평가되어 왔다. 본 연구에서는 유기성 폐기물의 배출과 간접적으로 관련 있는 축산물 생산량 혹은 식품 소비에 대한 간접 배출부담금 제도를 제안하고, 그 세원을 바이오가스 산업에 대한 보조금으로 이용하는 방안의 경제적 환경적 효과를 비교하였다. 연산가능일반균형모형을 이용하여 분석한 결과, 축산물 생산에 대한 간접부담금은 식품 소비에 대한 부담금에 비해 특정 부문에 과세 부담이 집중되며, 거시적으로는 GDP와 총소비가 식품 소비에 대한 부담금에 비해 더 감소하는 것으로 나타났다. 또한 온실가스 저감 측면에서도 식품 소비에 대한 간접부담금이 우수한 것으로 나타났다. 따라서 유기성 폐기물 배출을 단기에 감소시키고, 이를 에너지로 전환하기 위해 필요한 재원 확충 농반으로 음식 및 식품 소비에 대한 간접부담금이 축산물 생산에 대한 간접부담금보다 적절한 것으로 분석되었다.

• 한국환경보건학회지
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• 제47권5호
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• pp.398-409
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• 2021

Background: The types and effects of hazardous pollutants in indoor air may vary depending on the characteristics of the sources and pollutants caused by physical and chemical properties of buildings, the influence of outdoor air, and the exposure and use characteristics of residents. Objectives: This study was conducted to provide basic data on the establish of indoor air quality management for different classes of public-use facilities by presenting the characteristics of concentration distribution of hazardous pollutants by different public-use facilities and the status of the excess proportion of exceeding standards. Methods: This study analyzed self-measurement data from public-use facilities taken from 2017 to 2019 A total of 133,525 facilities were surveyed. A total of 10 types of pollutants that have maintenance and recommended standards stipulated in the Indoor Air Quality Control Act from the Ministry of Environment were investigated. The excess proportion and the substances exceeding the criteria for each type of public-use facilities for these pollutants were investigated. Results: As a result of the analysis of the proportion of exceeding the standard for each type of public-use facility, the facilities with the highest excess proportion of the standards for each hazardous pollutant were: PM₁₀ in railway stations (8.93%), PM_2.5 in daycare centers (7.36%), CO₂ in bus terminals (2.37%), HCHO in postpartum care centers (4.11%), total airborne bacteria in daycare centers (0.69%), CO in museums (0.1%), NO₂ in postpartum care centers (1.15%), Rn in museums (0.78%), total volatile organic compounds in postpartum care centers (7.20%) and mold in daycare centers (1.44%). Conclusions: Although uncertainty may arise because this study is a result of self-measurement, it is considered that this study has significance for providing basic data on the establishment in the future of indoor air quality management measures customized for each type of public-use facility.

• Journal of Korean Society for Atmospheric Environment
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• 제22권E2호
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• pp.49-56
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• 2006

This pilot study focuses on emissions characterization of air pollutants produced from incineration of some municipal solid wastes (MSWs). The MSWs incinerated by an electric furnace maintained up to $600^{\circ}C$ included food, paper, and plastic wastes. The pollutants analyzed in this study included concentrations of volatile organic compounds (VOCs), bottom ash contents, and heavy metals extracted from the bottom ash of each waste. The VOCs identified were classified based on their chemical structure. The total emissions of VOCs produced from incineration of the papers were identified as the highest followed by those from the plastics and the food wastes. Aliphatic alkenes were major VOC compounds produced from incineration of plastic or food wastes, while furans were major VOCs produced from incineration of papers. The second major VOCs produced from incineration of food, plastics, and papers were aromatics. In particular, hazardous air pollutants such as benzene were produced with considerable amount of emission concentration. The bottom ash contents of papers were usually much higher than those of food or plastic wastes. The bottom ash contents produced from incineration of food and plastics were much lower than those of other MSWs. In analysis of heavy metals extracted by an ultrasonic method from the bottom ashes of the papers, high concentrations of heavy metals were identified from incineration of newspapers and box (cardboard). In addition, it was identified that the general public might be exposed to considerable amounts of lead concentrations during incineration processes and uses of paper cup and from ashes.

• 한국대기환경학회지
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• 제14권4호
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• pp.343-360
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• 1998

In this study, comprehensive air quality monitoring was undertaken with a variety of objectives to collect data on the levels of various indoor and ambient air quality parameters in the urban areas of Seoul and Taegu. The sampling sites were comprised of six offices, six residences and six restaurants in each city. The ambient air adjacent to the indoor sites was also simultaneously sampled for the same constituents. The sampling was conducted in two phases: summer of 1994 and winter of 1994/95. A range of air quality parameters were measured simultaneously, which include RSP, CO, COB, NOB, a range of VOC, airborne microbials, temperature, and relative humidity. The indoor and ambient levels of the pollutants measured in this study varied widely between the three types of environments studied. Comparison of median values for the three groups revealed that restaurants had higher indoor levels of most pollutants than homes or offices. There was also a clear pattern of the indoor levels of target pollutants being higher than those outdoors, particularly in restaurants. Concentrations of CO and most of the VOC were found to be significantly higher in the commercial districts, indicating the influence of vehicle exhaust emissions. A very wide range of VOC levels was documented in this study. Although median indoorloutdoor ratios indicated a generally increasing level of VOC indoors when compared to those outdoors, no statistically significant differences were found between indoor and outdoor VOC levels in homes and offices, implying the importance of ambient air quality in determining the quality of indoor air for homes and offices in urban areas. In addition, there was a general pattern of increasing concentrations from summer to winter, and similarly from outdoor to indoor air for nearly all target compounds. The seasonal differences in median levels were very clearly seen for fuel combustion related pollutants such as RSP, CO and VOC, this being attributed to the effects of increased fuel consumption during the cold season and to meteorological factors.