• 한국토양비료학회지
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• 제28권3호
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• pp.241-248
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• 1995

연작(連作)으로 재배되고 있는 꽈리풋고추 비닐하우스 재배지토양의 화학적 성질을 진단하고 이와 작물생육과의 관계를 밝힐 목적에서 충남 당진군내 36개 농가포장을 조사 분석한 결과를 요약하면 다음과 같다. 1. 토양화학성분중 가장 높은 빈도(頻度)를 보인 범위 및 비율은 pH 6.1~6.5(36%), OM 1.6~2.0%(31%), 유효인산 601~800mg/kg(39%), CEC 12.1~14.0 c mol/kg(39%), clay 16.1~18.0% (50%), 전기 전도도 EC 2.0 dS/m 이하가 44%로 많았다. 2. 풋고추 수량은 pH, CEC, 유기물 함량, 점토 함량과는 고도의 정산관(正相關)이 있었고 EC와는 고도의 부(負)의 상관(相關)을 보였다. 3. 전기전도도 EC값은 CEC와 파장 높은 부상관($r=-0.81^{**}$)이 있었고, 점토함량 또는 유기물 함량과도 고도의 부상관이 있었다. 4. 토양화학성분과 EC와의 상관관계에서 EC를 2.0dS/m 이하로 낮추는데에는 점토 18%, 유기물 2.3%이상이 되어야 한다는 것을 나타내었다.

• 한국토양비료학회지
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• 제45권4호
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• pp.497-502
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• 2012

This study investigates the prediction of soil OM on Korean soils using the Visible-Near Infrared (Vis-NIR) spectroscopy. The ASD Field Spec Pro was used to acquire the reflectance of soil samples to visible to near-infrared radiation (350 to 2500 nm). A total of 503 soil samples from 61 Korean soil series were scanned using the instrument and OM was measured using the Walkley and Black method. For data analysis, the spectra were resampled from 500-2450 nm with 4 nm spacing and converted to the $1^{st}$ derivative of absorbance (log (1/R)). Partial least squares regression (PLSR) and regression rules model (Cubist) were applied to predict soil OM. Regression rules model estimates the target value by building conditional rules, and each rule contains a linear expression predicting OM from selected absorbance values. The regression rules model was shown to give a better prediction compared to PLSR. Although the prediction for Andisols had a larger error, soil order was not found to be useful in stratifying the prediction model. The stratification used by Cubist was mainly based on absorbance at wavelengths of 850 and 2320 nm, which corresponds to the organic absorption bands. These results showed that there could be more information on soil properties useful to classify or group OM data from Korean soils. In conclusion, this study shows it is possible to develop good prediction model of OM from Korean soils and provide data to reexamine the existing prediction models for more accurate prediction.

• 한국동물위생학회지
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• 제32권4호
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• pp.347-351
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• 2009

Bruella spp. involves a considerable danger of public health and farm animal industry. In this study, we assessed the disinfection efficacy of alkaline disinfectant solution and three commercial farm disinfectants (quaternary ammonium compound, sodium dichloroisocyanurate, potassium monopersulphate/sodium dichloroisocyanurate) against Brucella ovis. A bactericidal efficacy test by broth dilution method was used to determine the lowest effective dilution of selected disinfectants following exposure to test bacteria for 30 minutes at $4^{\circ}C$. Disinfectants and test bacteria are diluted with distilled water (DW), hard water (HW) or organic matter suspension (OM) according to treatment condition. Three commercial disinfectant showed excellent antimicrobial activity (up to dilution of $\times200$ in OM treatment). Alkaline disinfectant solution demonstrated favorable bactericidal efficacy against B. abortus (at dilution of $\times20$ in OM treatment). Three commercial farm disinfectants possess excellent efficacy against B. ovis. Alkaline disinfectant solution has lower potency than commercial farm disinfectant but could help to limit the spread of brucellosis.

• The Korean Journal of Ecology
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• 제16권2호
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• pp.169-180
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• 1993

Soils of four combinations, sand with high content of organic matter(SL), sand with low content of OM(SS), siltyl loam with high content of OM(LL) and silty loam with low content OM (LS), were filled on column and then percolated with simulated sulfuric acid rain with pH 5.6, 4.0, 3.5, 3.0 and 2.5. From soil leachates, pH and concentrations of basic cations and Al were determined. Cation concentrations in the leachates increased as pH of the rain decreased. The orders of buffering capacity of soil, leachability of cation from soil, leaching sensitivity of ion andbase saturation sensitivity of soil to acidity of the rain water were SS$\leq$K <$\leq$LL

• Asian-Australasian Journal of Animal Sciences
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• 제12권5호
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• pp.747-751
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• 1999

The Hohenheim in vitro gas test was used to assess the nutritional value of some crop residues of known in vivo digestibility. The crop residues are groundnut shells (GNS) corn cobs (CC); cassava peels (CaP); unripe and ripe plantain peels (UPP, RPP) and citrus pulp/peels (CPP). Compared to other crop residues, crude protein (CP) content of CC was low. Except for CaP and CPP that had low neutral detergent fibre (NDF) and acid detergent fibre (ADF), other residues contained a high amount of cell wall constituents. Net gas production was significantly different among the crop residues (p<0.05). Gas production was highest in CPP followed by CaP. CC, UPP and RPP have the same volume of net gas production, while the least net gas production was in GNS. True dry matter (TDM) digestibility was significantly different (p<0.05) among the residues. GNS was the least in TDM digestibility. CaP, UPP and RPP had similar TDM digestibility values, while the highest TDM digestibility was obtained in CPP. OM digestibility was different among the residues (p<0.05). CaP and CPP had the same ME value while CC, UPP and RPP had close ME values and GNS the least in ME (p<0.05). The potential extent (b) and rate (c) of gas production were statistical different among the residues (p<0.05). The Hohenheim gas test gave high in vitro organic matter (OM) digestibility for CC, CaP, UPP and RPP and CPP. Fermentable carbohydrates and probably available nitrogen in the crop residues influenced net gas production. The results showed that crop residues besides, providing bulk are also a source of energy and fermentable products which could be used in ruminant livestock production in the tropics.

• Asian-Australasian Journal of Animal Sciences
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• 제13권8호
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• pp.1113-1120
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• 2000

Productivity, nutrient contents, in vitro gas production and in sacco degradability of different fractions and whole OPF were determined to assess the feeding value of OPF as a ruminant feed. An in vivo digestibility trial was also carried out using goat. Freshly harvested OPF was randomly collected, partitioned and weighed. An OPF from 21 years older palm weighed 13.4 kg and the annual fresh matter yield of petiole, leaflet and midrib was 46.5, 11.8 and 3.4 ton/ha, respectively. Leaflet contained 439, 926, 698, 501, 168, 196, 748 and 52 (g/kg) of dry matter (DM), organic matter (OM), neutral detergent fiber (NDF), acid detergent fiber (ADF), cellulose (CE), hemicellulose (HC), total carbohydrate (TC) and non fiber carbohydrate (NFC), respectively. Petiole contained lower (p<0.01) DM, CP and EE contents than leaflet. Organic matter, CE and TC contents were higher (p<0.01) in petiole compared to leaflet. Silica and lignin contents were highest (p<0.01) in midrib followed by leaflet, whole OPF and least in petiole. The Ca, P, Na, K and Mg contents (g/100 g DM) of leaflet were 0.529, 0.182, 0.039, 0.876, and 0.168, respectively. In vitro DM digestibility (g/100 g) at 48 h of leaflet, petiole and midrib was 32.7, 38.7 and 30.2, respectively. The in sacco DM degradation (g/100 g) at 48 h of leaflet was higher than that of whole OPF, petiole and midrib. The in vivo digestibility of DM, OM, CP and ADF of whole OPF was 52, 56, 43 and 26%, respectively. It can be concluded that leaflet is the most nutritious fraction of OPF and midrib is the least. The nutrient content and digestibility of the whole OPF showed that OPF could be an alternative roughage source for ruminant diets.

• Fisheries and Aquatic Sciences
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• 제21권11호
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• pp.32.1-32.7
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• 2018

Trout production is a growing activity in recent years but requires new alternative sources of feed to be sustainable over time. The objective of this research was to determine the apparent digestibility coefficient (ADC) of dry matter (DM), organic matter (OM), crude protein (CP) and digestible energy (DE) of $ka{\tilde{n}}iwa$ (Chenopodium pallidicaule Aellen), kiwicha (Amaranthus caudatus L), quinoa (Chenopodium quinoa Willd), beans (Phaseolus vulgaris L.), sacha inchi, (Plukenetia volubilis L) and jumbo squid (Dosidicus gigas) meal in juvenile rainbow trout. The experimental diets were composed of a 70% basal diet and 30% of any raw materials. The ADC was determined by the indirect method using insoluble ash as a non-digestible marker. Jumbo squid, sacha inchi and quinoa showed the highest values of ADC (%) of DM (84.5, 73.5 and 69.7), OM (89.1, 78.4 and 72.9), CP (93.2, 98.0 and 90.3), and DE (4.57, 4.15 and 2.95 Mcal/kg DM), respectively. The ADC values for $ka{\tilde{n}}iwa$, kiwicha and bean were significantly lower. In conclusion, quinoa meal and jumbo squid meal have an acceptable digestibility but sacha inchi meal is a potential alternative for rainbow trout feeding in the future.

• 한국석유지질학회지
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• 제6권1_2
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• pp.25-36
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• 1998

동중국해 분지의 북부에 위치한 한일 공동 광구 시추공 (JDZ V-1, V-3, VII-1 그리고 VII-2)제3기 퇴적물 내의 유기물의 특성을 파악하기 위해서 유기 지화학적 분석을 실시하였다 JDZ V-1, JDZ V-3 공 후기 마이오세 퇴적물의 유기물 함량은 분석 구간에서 대부분 $0.5\%$ 이하로 매우 낮으나 초기 마이오세 및 올리고세 층에서는 $0.6-0.8\%$로 일정한 함유량을 보인다. JDZ VII-1, JDZ VII-2시추공의 중기-후기 마이오세 퇴적층의 경우에는 유기물이 풍부해서 $20\%$에까지 이르는 것으로 나타났다. 이들 시추공 퇴적물이 JDZ V-1이나 V-3공의 그것에 비해 일부 구간에서 유기물의 함량이 매우 높은 것은 탄질 셰일이 분석된 것으로 퇴적 환경이 탄층이나 탄질 셰일의 발달에 적합했던 것으로 판단된다. JDZ시리즈 시추공 제3기 퇴적물에 포함된 케로젠은 주로 육상기원의 목질 및 탄질물이고 원소 분석 결과에서는 주로 타이프 III에 비교되는 것으로 나타났다. 유기물 함량에 비하여 석유 생성 잠재력 (S2)및 수소지수 (HI)가 낮은 것은 육상 유기물의 특성을 반영하는 것이다. 생물표기화합물 분석에 의하면, JDZ시추공의 제3기 퇴적물 내의 유기물은 육상 고등 식물에서 유래한 것들이 우세한 것으로 나타났고, 퇴적 당시의 조건은 산화 환경이어서 퇴적된 유기물의 보존에 적합치 않았던 것으로 해석된다. 지화학적 특성을 통해서 유추한 JDZ시추공의 유기물의 특성 및 퇴적환경은 하성 환경이 우세한 가운데 일시적인 호수, 혹은 늪지나 범람원이 형성을 나타내 기존 조구조 운동 연구 및 퇴적학적 연구 결과와 일치하고 있다. 유기물의 열 성숙 단계는 JDZ V-1 및 V-3 시추공의 총 심도 부근 (각각 3317 m, 3221 m)에서는 석유 생성 중간 단계에 도달했고, JDZ VII-1 및 VII-2공의 3600 m 하부층은 건성 가스 생성 단계에까지 도달한 것으로 나타났다. JDZ VII-1, VII-2 시추공의 3500 m 하위 구간의 올리고세 퇴적층에서 유기물 함량 및 수소 지수가 급격히 감소하는 것은 매몰 심도가 깊어지면서 유기물이 열 분해되어 이미 탄화수소를 생성한 것으로 해석된다. JDZ VII-1 및 VII-2 시추공의 가스징후 및 길소나이트 (gilsonite)는 탄화수소가 생성되어 이동한 흔적을 시사한다.

• Asian-Australasian Journal of Animal Sciences
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• 제18권1호
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• pp.27-31
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• 2005

Wheat straw was treated with microwave for 4 min and 8 min at a power of 750 W and frequency of 2,450 MHz. Chemical compositions of untreated, 4 min treated and 8 min treated straws were analyzed and in sacco degradabilities of all these straws in yak rumens were measured. Microwave treatment didn't significantly (p>0.05) affect the chemical composition of the straw. In sacco dry matter (DM) degradability of the straw after 18 h incubation in rumen was significantly (p<0.01) improved by microwave treatment. In sacco crude protein (CP) degradability of the straw was not (p>0.05) affected by microwave treatment. In sacco organic matter (OM) degradability of the straw was increased (p<0.01) by around 20% for both the 4 min and 8 min microwave treatment, that of acid detergent fibre (ADF) was increased (p<0.01) by 61.6% and 62.8%, and that of ash free ADF was enhanced by 72.1% and 69.6% for the 4 min and 8 min microwave treatment respectively. No significant difference was observed between the 4 min and 8 min microwave treatment on the degradability of DM, OM, CP, ADF and ash-free ADF of the straw.

• Asian-Australasian Journal of Animal Sciences
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• 제12권7호
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• pp.1035-1039
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• 1999

Four ruminally cannulated buffalo bulls were fed mottgrass diets using a $4{\times}4$ Latin square design. Treatments were arranged factorially and consisted of mottgrass fertilized with 0 for Kg nitrogen (N) per acre and harvested at 40 and 60 days of age. Nitrogen fertilization improved the concentrations of neutral detergent fiber (NDF), and acid detergent fiber (ADF) in early-cut mottgrass (ECM) but, the acid detergent lignin (ADL) contents were higher in the late-cut mottgrass (LCM). The crude protein (CP) contents of the mottgrass decreased with advancing maturity, but N fertilization increased CP at both maturities. The intake of dry matter (DM), organic matter (OM), CP, NDF and ADF were higher by buffalo bulls fed ECM than those fed LCM. The ruminal pH increased in first 6 hours post feeding in animals fed N fertilized mottgrass and may be due to higher concentration of ruminal ammonia. The digestibilities of DM, OM, CP, NDF and ADF were higher by buffalo bulls fed ECM than those fed LCM. However, the application of N fertilizer did not affect the digestibilities of these nutrients.