• Korean Journal of Bronchoesophagology
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• v.8 no.1
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• pp.42-49
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• 2002

Backgroud and Objectives : Supracricoid partial laryngectomy(SCPL) has showed good functional and oncological results since it was introduced by Laccourreye in 1990. But loss of laryngeal functions, especially glottic sphincteric one, due to a wide resection of laryngeal structures is a major problem and needs a active and effective rehabilitation postperatively. Modified barium swallow(MBS) is a videofluoroscopy designed to define the etiology of the aspiration or dysphagia and simultaneously provide the therapeutic and rehabilitative method eliminating etiology of the aspiration. And we examined the effectiveness of the MBS in swallowing rehabilitation of the SCPL Patients. Materials and Methods : We reviewed the medical records of the 52 Patients who received SCPL for laryngeal squamous cell carcinoma according to the description of Laccourreye in our clinic from 1993 to 2001. Among them 21 patients were performed MBS(MBS(+) group) postoperatively and remaining 31 were not(MBS(-) group). During MBS, we selected 12 patients who showed aspiration and trained them with a swallowing rehabilitation maneuver which was identified as the most effective one eliminating the aspiration and remaining nine without aspiration were able to feed orally immediately after MBS without rehabilitation. In MBS(-) Uoup, they were received the traditional rehabilitation training with a supraglottic swallow. Results : The mean postoperative day(POD) of decannulation was earlier in MBS(+) group ($12.6{\pm}4.7$ POD) than in MBS(-) group ($19.5{\pm}11.0$ POD) (p =0.012), especially in patients showing aspiration (MBS(+) ; $12.9{\pm}5.2$ POD, MBS(-) : $22.3{\pm}9.9$ POD (p =0.008)). No significant difference was found in the mean POD of oral feeding between MBS(+) and (-) group, but in patients showing aspiration the time of oral feeding was earlier in MBS(+) group than in MBS(-) by average 10 days though it was not statistically significant. The incidence of aspiration pneumonia was lower in MBS(+) group (1/12cases) than in MBS(-) (7/12cases). Conclusions : In SCPL Patients, the Swallowing rehabilitation introduced to eliminate the aspiration during MBS after SCPL is very helpful for some patients to resume the safe oral intake more rapidly.

• Journal of Veterinary Clinics
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• v.30 no.3
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• pp.214-217
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• 2013

A 3-year-old intact female hedgehog (Atelerix albiventris) was presented for evaluation of mandibular swelling. Fine needle aspiration of swollen mandibular was performed and smears were stained with Romanowsky type stain for cytological evaluation. Smears were highly cellular with predominance of variably shaped keratinized or non keratinized squamous cells with low numbers of spindloid to abnormally elongated cells. Cytologic impression was squamous cell carcinoma. The mass was surgically removed for histological examination. Microscopically tortuous and anastomosing delicate to broad pegs and nests of neoplastic squamous epithelial cells were supported by a moderate collagenous and spindloid fibroblast stroma. Tumor cells had moderate anisocytosis and mild anisokaryosis and range from moderately to well keratinized, with areas of intratumoral acantholysis accompanied by mixed stromal lymphoplasmacytic, neutrophilic inflammation. The mitotic index is 2-3 per high-power field. Tumor cells were expanding the subcutis subjacent to the layer of skeletal muscle and incorporating the osseous tissue fragments. The final diagnosis was squamous cell carcinoma. The patient survived three months after surgery without any further medical treatments.

• Korean Journal of Head & Neck Oncology
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• v.17 no.2
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• pp.179-184
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• 2001

Objective: The role of chemotherapy in locally advanced head and neck cancer has been established in nasopharynx and larynx as definitive therapy and organ preserving therapy, respectively. Oral cavity cancers are relatively uncommon and local recurrence is the main cause of treatment failure. We planned this retrospective study to evaluate the role of neoadjuvant chemotherapy in locally advanced oral cavity cancer patients. Materials and Methods: From 1988 March to 2001 February, locally advanced, previously untreated oral cavity cancer patients who received neoadjuvant chemotherapy were examined. Chemotherapy had been done in the following patients: Histologically proven squamous cell or poorly differentiated carcinoma, stage 3 or 4, and performance state 0-2 patients. Chemotherapy regimen consisted of cisplatin and infusional 5-fluorouracil. Response was evaluated after 2 cycles and in case of no response, definitive local therapy was done; otherwise 3 cycles was done before local treatment. Results: 48 patients were treated and 47 patients were evaluable for responses. Complete response rate was 6.4%(3/47) and partial response 80.0%(38/47), scoring overall response rate of 87.2%. Median time to progression was 27.0 months (95% CI : 0-58months) and overall 5 year survival was 54.8%. 5-year disease-free survival in the patients in remission after local treatment was 51.9%. In multivariate analysis, contributing factor to the survival were response to neoadjuvant chemotherapy and local treatment modalities. Extensive surgery was done in 10 patients and 25 patents (52.1%) was followed up with preserved function. With median follow-up of 57.0 months, 19 recurrences were detected, most of which were local or regional type. Conclusion: Neoadjuvant chemotherapy followed by local treatment in oral cavity cancer showed high response rate and was thought to be effective therapeutic approach especially in view of organ preservation.

• Maxillofacial Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery
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• v.27 no.6
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• pp.528-534
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• 2005

Angiogenesis is important for the growth and metastasis of solid tumors. Some growth factors, inflammatory cytokines, and angiogenin are known to promote tumor angiogenesis. Among them, Vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) is the most intriguing factor in regard to tumor angiogenesis. Inhibition of VEGF activity by neutralizing antibodies or by the introduction of dominant negative VEGF receptors into endothelial cells of tumor-associated blood vessels resulted in the inhibition of tumor growth and in tumor regression, indicating that VEGF is a major initiator of tumor angiogenesis. VEGF promotes angiogenesis through their receptors, Flt-1 and Flk-1/KDR. on vascular endothelial cells. These two receptors were usually believed to be expressed specifically on vascular endothelial cell. Several reports have now shown that VEGF is not only significantly associated with microvessel density but also has prognostic value in both node-negative and node-positive oral squamous cell carcinoma. For many years several histologic features of the neoplasms are being considered when assessing the influence of malignancy grading on recurrence and prognosis. Among the characteristics investigated, degree of keratinization, nuclear pleomorphism, mode of invasion, microscopic depth of invasion, intravascular invasion, lymphocyte infiltration, and number of mitoses have been considered as important prognostic factors. So, this study was conducted to evaluate the correlation of vascular endothelial growth factor expression with malignancy in paraffin-embedded biopsy specimens from 11 patients with tongue cancers. Our results showed that high immunoreactivity specimens of VEGF expression were significantly lower keratinization degree and more pronounced nuclear pleomorphism than in low immunoreactivity specimens. Thus, VEGF expression could be used as a prognostic marker in tongue cancer.

• Microbiology and Biotechnology Letters
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• v.22 no.4
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• pp.368-372
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• 1994

Three more unusual macrolides in addition to concnamycin B were isolated from the mycelium of Streptomyces sp. strain Bal6. These four compounds showed a potent cytotoxity to hunian cancer cell lines, SNU-1 (stomach cancer cell line), SNU-354 (liver cancer cell line), MCF- 7 (breast cancer cell line) and KB-3-1 (oral epidermoid carcinoma cell line). Interestingly, these compounds confered slight differential cytotoxity on RHEK-1, a human epidermal keratinocyte cell line immotalized by AD12-SV40 hybrid virus and RHEK-1/pSV$_{2}$ ras which was resulted from H-ras transfomation of RHEK-1. These compounds were determined to be concanamycin A, conca- namycin E and 0-methyl concanamycin B by NMR and other spectral analysis.

• Journal of Chest Surgery
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• v.25 no.10
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• pp.1087-1092
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• 1992

We underwent two surgical resection of synchronous primary esophageal squamous cell carcinoma and gastric adenocarcinoma after obtaining histologic comfirmation 74-years old male pateint was recieved esophagectomy & total gastrectomy with esophagojejunostomy and 59-years old man was recieved near total esophagectomy and total gastrectomy with esophagocolo-gejunostomy. Their was no postoperative complications. The hospital day was 15 and 21 days postoperatively. All of them started oral intake at 7 days postoperatively and possible soft diet soon. We conclude that total resection of esophagus and stomach is the recommendable methods for prolong the life of double primary cancer patients of esophagus and stomach. Also, the reconstruction of the esophagus with colon or jejunal transposition is one of the recommenable procedure for curative surgical resection of double primary cancer in esophagus and stomach. And we also wish to emphasize the importance of detailed preopertive gastric examination for detect of gastric lesion and of careful intraoperative inspection of the gastric mucosa in patients with esophageal cancer whose preoperative gastric examination provide inconclusive evidence due to the severe esophageal stenosis.

• Journal of Chest Surgery
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• v.20 no.2
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• pp.374-378
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• 1987

Plummer-Vinson syndrome is also termed Paterson-Brown-Kelly syndrome and sideropenic dysphagia, because it was described originally by Paterson and Kelly in 19`19 and it was often combined with iron-deficiency anemia. The syndrome is encountered most often in middle-aged anemic female. It is characterized by dysphagia referred to the upper esophagus, atrophy of the oral or pharyngeal mucous membranes, koilonychia, and stenosis or webs of the upper esophageal mucosa. And it is also related to the late occurrence of the carcinoma of the upper esophagus. Here is presented a case of upper esophageal web with dysphagia and iron-deficiency anemia with review of literature, which was treated by the surgical esophagoplasty to relieve the symptom of dysphagia and to widen the upper esophageal narrowing.

• Speech Sciences
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• v.9 no.4
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• pp.3-14
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• 2002

VPI occurs when the velum and lateral and posterior pharyngeal wall fail to separate the nasal cavity from the oral cavity during deglutition and speech. There are a number of congenital and acquired conditions which result in VPI. Congenital conditions include cleft palate, submucous cleft palate and congenital palatal insufficiency (CPI). Acquired conditions include carcinoma of the palate or pharynx and neurologic disorders. The speech characteristics of VPI is characterized by hypernasality, nasal air emission, decreased intraoral air pressure, increased nasal air flow, decreased intelligibility. VPI can be treated with various methods that include speech therapy, surgical procedures to reduce the velopharyngeal gap, speech aid prosthesis, and combination of surgery and prosthesis. This article describes four cases of VPI treated by speech aid prosthesis and speech therapy with satisfactory result.

• Proceedings of the KOR-BRONCHOESO Conference
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• 1978.06a
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• pp.6.2-6
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• 1978

Granular cell myoblastoma is a rare muscular origined benign tumor which was first decribed on the vocal cord by Abrikossoff in 1931. Although this lesion is found frequently in the tongue, it has been known to occur in other parts of the oral cavity as well as in the larynx and trachea. It is of considerble clinical importance that this lesion is frequently accompanied by pseundoe-pitheliomatous hyperplasia of the overling mucosa which may easily be confused with carcinoma. We experienced a case of granular cell myoblastoma and report with the consideration of literatures concerning the same disease.

• Radiation Oncology Journal
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• v.38 no.2
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• pp.84-92
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• 2020

Patients undergoing radiation therapy for head and neck cancer (HNC) experience significant early and long-term side effects. The likelihood and severity of complications depends on a number of factors, including the total dose of radiation delivered, over what time it was delivered and what parts of the head and neck received radiation. Late side effects include: permanent loss of saliva; osteoradionecrosis; radiation recall myositis, pharyngoesophageal stenosis; dental caries; oral cavity necrosis; fibrosis; impaired wound healing; skin changes and skin cancer; lymphedema; hypothyroidism, hyperparathyroidism, lightheadedness, dizziness and headaches; secondary cancer; and eye, ear, neurological and neck structures damage. Patients who undergo radiotherapy for nasopharyngeal carcinoma tend to suffer from chronic sinusitis. These side effects present difficult challenges to the patients and their caregivers and require life-long strategies to alleviate their deleterious effect on basic life functions and on the quality of life. This review presents these side effects and their management.