• 한국식품영양학회지
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• 제32권1호
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• pp.11-26
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• 2019

The objective of this study was to reduce the waste rate of onion peel, which has excellent functionalities, and to promote its industrial utilization. The methodology involved preparing beef jerkies using liquid seasonings with 0% (OPE0), 50% (OPE50) and 100% (OPE100) onion peel extract (OPE) of domestically produced onion, respectively; and assessing their antioxidant activities and quality characteristics. As the amount of added OPE increased, the contents of crude protein and crude ash increased, while those of crude fat decreased. As for color values, increase in the amount of added OPE led to increase in L value and b value, but decrease in a value. The measurement of mechanical texture showed that hardness and cohesiveness decreased as the amount of added OPE increased. TBARS (thiobarbituric acid reactive substance) content decreased as the amount of added OPE increased. And the amount of added OPE increased, all the antioxidant activity of beef jerky increased. Acceptability test showed the highest preference for OPE50 with regard to flavor, taste texture and overall acceptability. Quantitative descriptive analysis (QDA) showed that increase in the amount of added OPE led to increase in meat color, salty taste, sweet taste, meat flavor and chewiness and decrease in off-flavor. According to principal component analysis (PCA), OPE50 and OPE100 had high levels of the sensory attributes that increase preference-such as meat color, salty taste, sweet taste, meat flavor and chewiness. Based on such results, it was established that 50% is the optimal mixing ratio of OPE for preparing a beef jerky of high preference that also has excellent quality characteristics and antioxidant activity.

• 대한토목학회논문집
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• 제28권2A호
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• pp.223-231
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• 2008

이 논문에서는 교량의 유지보수비용을 최소화할 뿐만 아니라 교량의 성능을 동시에 최대화할 수 있는 새로운 유지보수계획법을 제시한다. 교량 수명연한 동안의 유지보수비용과 교량의 바닥판, 주형, 하부구조의 상태등급으로 표현되는 교량의 성능을 동시에 최적화 하는 다목적 최적화 문제를 구성하여 최적의 유지보수계획을 수립한다. 다목적 최적화문제의 해를 얻기 위한 수치해석 방법으로 유전자 알고리즘(Genetic Algorithm, GA)을 사용하고, 다목적 최적화방법을 적용하여 얻어진 여러 개의 해집합 중 최적해의 선택을 위한 의사결정(decision making)을 위해 선호도기반 최적화방법을 적용한다. 일반적인 5경간의 PSC I형 교량에 대한 수치예제를 통해, 이 연구에서 제안하는 방법이 유지보수비용 및 교량성능간의 균형 있는 최적화를 이룰 수 있음을 보인다.

• 정보처리학회논문지B
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• 제9B권1호
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• pp.1-6
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• 2002

인터넷이 등장하면서 수 많은 고객이 웹 사이트를 방문하고, 구매나 컨텐츠 이용 등의 다양한 활동을 하게 된다. 그로 인해 웹 시스템에는 방대한 양의 자로가 축적되고 그 자료는 고객의 개인화(Personalization)된 서비스를 가능하게 한다. 고객의 개별적인 특성이나 선호도를 반영한 개인화는 웹 시스템은 봇물처럼 개발되고 있으며, 인터넷 시스템에서 고객의 정보를 분류하기 위해서는 정성적인 지식과 정량적인 지식을 체계적으로 반영하여야 한다. 이러한 두 종류의 지식이 최적의 솔루션을 제공할 수 있도록 사용되어지기 위해서는 일관성과 유연성을 갖는 지식 통합이 이루어져야 한다. 지식 통합은 고객의 개인 선호도를 반영하거나 잘 분류할 수 있게 하기 위해서 먼저 지식 표현이 전제된다. 본 연구는 이러한 지식 통합시스템을 웹 투자 고객에 초점을 맞추어 프로토타입을 개발하였다. 개발된 시스템은 정성적 지식의 추출과 추론 방식 그리고 정성적 지식과 정량적 지식과의 통합 방식을 사용하고 있으며, 고객의 개인 선호도 입력에서부터 포트폴리오 구성가지 전반적인 프로시져를 잘 반영하고 있다. 제안한 지식기반 통합 모형을 가지고 실험적인 분석을 통하여 개인 선호도를 고려한 투자의사결정 문제의 퇴적 포트폴리오 구성에서 우수성을 보이며 정성적 지식이 갖는 투자환경의 변화에 매우 탄력적임을 보여준다.

• 인간행동과 음악연구
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• 제12권1호
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• pp.23-42
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• 2015

본 연구는 아동 및 청소년을 대상으로 연령과 음악 경험에 따라 화음 전개 복잡성에 대한 선호도가 어떻게 달라지는지 그 특성을 알아보고자 하였다. 이를 위해 초, 중, 고등학교에 재학 중인 총 684명의 아동 및 청소년을 대상으로 실험이 실시되었다. 본 연구를 위해 4마디의 멜로디가 연구자에 의해 작곡되었고, 협화적 화음과 비화성음의 비중, 화음 해결의 즉각성 등을 바탕으로 화음 전개의 난이도가 4단계로 구성되었다. 대상자들은 4개의 음악 자극을 듣고 지각되는 복잡성과 화음 선호도의 정도를 표시하였다. 대상자들의 평가를 분석한 결과, 청소년의 연령에 따른 단계별 화음 선호도에 유의한 차이가 있었다. 선호 점수에 있어서 초등학생은 모든 단계의 화음에 높은 선호를 보인 반면, 중, 고등학생은 화음 복잡성이 증가할수록 유의하게 낮은 선호도를 보였다. 연령 외에도 악기 연주 훈련 기간 역시 화음 선호도에 유의한 영향을 미치는 것으로 나타났다. 악기 연주 훈련을 보다 오래 받은 그룹이 짧게 받은 그룹보다 화음 복잡성 변화를 보다 민감하게 지각하여 개인이 수용할 수 있는 복잡성 수준이 보다 높은 것으로 나타났으며, 이는 연령이 많을 수록 더욱 분명하게 나타나는 경향이 있었다. 이러한 연구 결과는 아동 및 청소년을 위한 감상음악 선곡 시 적절한 난이도의 화음을 선택할 수 있는 기초자료로써 의의를 갖는다.

• Journal of Microbiology and Biotechnology
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• 제21권1호
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• pp.37-42
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• 2011

A new versatile acrylonitrile-bioconverting strain isolated from a petroleum-contaminated sludge sample and identified as Rhodococcus ruber AKSH-84 was used for optimization of medium and biotransformation conditions for nitrilase activity to produce acrylic acid. A simple and rapid HPLC protocol was optimized for quantification of acrylic acid, acrylamide, and acrylonitrile. The optimal medium conditions for nitrilase activity were pH of 7.0, temperature of $30^{\circ}C$, agitation of 150 rpm, and inoculum level of 2%. Glycerol as a carbon source and sodium nitrate as the nitrogen source provided good nutritional sources for achieving good biotransformation. Nitrilase activity was constitutive in nature and was in the exponential growth phase after 24 h of incubation under optimal conditions without addition of any inducer. The substrate preference was acrylonitrile and acetonitrile. The present work demonstrates the biotransformation of acrylonitrile to acrylic acid with the new strain, R. ruber AKSH-84, which can be used in green biosynthesis of acrylic acid for biotechnological processes. The nitrilase produced by the isolate was purified and characterized.

• 대한영양사협회학술지
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• 제16권4호
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• pp.341-352
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• 2010

The aim of this study was to use purple sweet potato powder to develop a recipe for a nutritional cookie with an optimal composition of ingredients and texture, in order to acquire strong preference responses by all age groups in sensory tests. Wheat flour was partially substituted with purple sweet potato powder to reduce the wheat flour content of the cookies. Measurements were made and analyzed according to the Response Surface Methodology technique, which showed 16 experimental points including 3 replicates for the purple sweet potato powder, sugar, and butter. The compositional and functional properties of the sample were measured, and the values obtained were applied to a mathematical model. A canonical form and perturbation plot showed the influence of each ingredient on the final product mixture. The results of sensory evaluations showed very significant values for flavor (P<0.0071), texture (P<0.0306), taste (P<0.0190), and overall quality (P<0.0142). Instrumental analysis showed significant values for hardness (P<0.0027), yellowness (P<0.0061) and spread ratio (P<0.0001). The optimal compositional ratios were determined to be 21.75 g for the purple sweet potato powder, 37.05 g for the sugar, and 60.59 g for the butter.

• 산업경영시스템학회지
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• 제35권1호
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• pp.181-187
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• 2012

Various computer-based simulation tools such as 3D-CAD and CAE systems are widely used to design automotive body structure at the early phase of design. Designers must search the optimal solution that satisfies a number of performance requirements by using their tools and a trial-and-error approach. In the previous three reports, a set-based design approach has been proposed for achieving design flexibility and robustness while capturing designer's preference, and its effectiveness has been illustrated with a simple side-door impact beam design problem and real vehicle side-door structure design. This report presents the development of integrated 3D-CAD and CAE system, and the applicability of our proposal for obtaining the multi-objective satisfactory design solutions by applying to an automotive front-side frame.

• 대한인간공학회:학술대회논문집
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• 대한인간공학회 1987년도 춘계학술대회논문집
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• pp.143-148
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• 1987

The Design of automotive IP must be designed for improving safety, and for satisfying the consumer's preference and for enlarging the usability of various gauges and information displaydevices. Also, these objects become more important by regarded and will be treated very sensitively for the next-generation vehicle concepts. Therefore, Automotive IP must be designed to adjust these trends, besides accord with car-inner lifestyle. One of these concept's designs is to apply Human Sensibility Ergonomics. This study suggestes the driver-centered design of the IP components that focused on the audio unit and HVAC(Heat and Ventilation Air Conditioner) through cognitive experiment. Primarily, analyzed components of IP in use, then, combined these components (especially, the number and arry of buttons, the position of LCD panel, etc.) nd designed some sample images(prototypes) the same as real size. After the subjects looked at the sam ples at the interval of 0.2/0.4/0.6 seconds, subjects should fill out the given forms from their memory. Then, the optimal prototype of IP was designed in respect to the correctness of cognition. The results will show the basic guideline of optimal design of IP that in the case of aaudio unit, the position of LCD, the array and the number of channel, in the case of HVAC, the position of LCD, TEMP button type and other button types.

• Preventive Nutrition and Food Science
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• 제13권4호
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• pp.340-347
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• 2008

This study was conducted to develop a recipe for a nutritional cookie with lotus root powder that had the optimal composition of ingredients and texture resulting in high preference by all age groups. Wheat flour was partially substituted with lotus root powder to reduce its content. Response Surface Methodology was used to analyze the measured results, which showed 16 experimental points including 2 replicates for lotus root powder, sugar and butter. The compositional and functional properties were measured, and these values were applied to a mathematical model. A canonical form and perturbation plot showed the influence of each ingredient on the final mixture product. The sensory evaluation results showed significant values in color (p<0.01), texture (p<0.05) and overall quality (p<0.05). As a result, the optimal sensory ratio was determined to be 22.59 g of lotus root powder, and 53.08 g of sugar for every 120 g of butter.

• 한국에너지공학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국에너지공학회 1998년도 추계 학술발표회 논문집
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• pp.3-8
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• 1998

The present work proposes the potential fuzzy framework, based on fuzzy set theory, for supporting decision-making problems, especially, selection problems of a best design in the area of nuclear energy system. The framework proposed is composed of the hierarchical structure module, the assignment module, the fuzzification module, and the defuzzification module. In the structure module, the relationship among decision objectives, decision criteria, decision sub-criteria, and decision alternatives is hierarchically structured. In the assignment module, linguistic or rank scoring approach can be used to assign subjective and/or vague values to the decision analyst's judgment on decision variables. In the fuzzification module, fuzzy numbers are assigned to these values of decision variables. Using fuzzy arithmetic operations, for each alternative, fuzzy preference index as a fuzzy synthesis measure is obtained. In the defuzzification module, using one of methods ranking fuzzy numbers, these indices are defuzzified to overall utility values as a cardinality measure determining final scores. According these values, alternatives of interest are ranked and an optimal alternative is chosen. To illustrate the applicability of the framework proposed to selection problem, as a case example, the best option choice of four design options under five decision criteria for primary containment wall thickening around large penetrations in an advanced nuclear energy system is studied.