• Journal of the Korean Magnetics Society
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• v.21 no.6
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• pp.204-207
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• 2011

We developed a time-resolved magneto-optical Kerr effect microscope system to investigate ultrafast magnetization dynamics. Based on the pump-probe method, 0.1-ps time resolution was achieved by use of a fs Ti:Sapphire laser. The magnetization dynamics was then measured on Pt/Co/Pt thin films with various Co thicknesses. All the samples exhibited ultrafast demagnetization within a few ps by direct heating of pump laser. Some thicker samples showed precessional motion of magnetization, from which the Gilbert damping constant was determined based on the Landau-Lifshitz-Gilbert equation.

• Journal of Magnetics
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• v.7 no.3
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• pp.72-79
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• 2002

Local M-H loops have been measured on the free layer of a tunneling magnetoresistance (TMR) junction using the magneto-optical Kerr effect (MOKE) system, with an optical beam size of about 2 $\mu$m diameter. Tunnel junctions were deposited using the DC magnetron sputtering method in a chamber with a base pressure of 3$\times$10$^{-9}$ Torr. The relatively irregular variations of coercive force H$_c$(∼17.5 Oe) and unidirectional anisotropy field H$_{ua}$(∼7.5 Oe) in the as-deposited sample are revealed. After $200{^{\circ}C}$ annealing, He decreases to 15 Oe but H$_{ua}$ increases to 20 Oe with smooth local variations. Two-dimensional plots of H$_c$ and H$_{ua}$ show the symmetric saddle shapes with their axes aligned with the pinned layer, irrespective of the annealing field angle. This is thought to be caused by geometric effects during deposition, together with a minor annealing effect. In addition, the variation of root mean square (RMS) surface roughness reveals it to be symmetric with respect to the center of the pinned-layer axis, with the roughness of 2.5 $\AA$ near the edge and 5.8 $\AA$ at the junction center. Comparison of surface roughness with the variation of H$_{ua}$ suggests that the H$_{ua}$ variation of the free layer is well described by dipole interactions related to surface roughness. As a whole, the reversal magnetization is not uniform over the entire junction area and the macroscopic properties are governed by the average sum of local distributions.

• Journal of the Korean Magnetics Society
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• v.3 no.3
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• pp.229-233
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• 1993

The effects of differential partial pressures of oxygen during sputtering on the magnetic and recording characteristics of magneto-optical disks were investigated. Different flows of oxygen were deliberately introduced into the sputtering chamber to have a variety of partial pressures of oxygen during sputtering. A residual gas analyzer was employed to monitor the oxygen peak before, during, and after sputtering and to estimate the reacted oxygen amount. Most of the oxygen introduced into the chamaber was reacted during sputtering. As the partial pressure of oxygen increased, the oxygen content of the TbFeCoCr film increased also. The oxygen appeared to be bound as Tb-O, effectively decreasing the magnetically active Tb content of the film The coercivity decreased but the squareness of the Kerr hysteresis loops was still excellent. The perpendicular anisotropy was not significantly affected by oxygen amount. The carrier-to-noise ratio, includi!1g the write power sensitivity and bias field sensitivity did not change too much with oxygen content in the film The disks sputtered with oxygen showed better bias field sensitivity with lower write power threshold than the disk sputtered without oxygen, due to high demagnetization during domain formation. No significant degradation of coercivity for the disk sputtered oxygen was observed during an accelerated aging test.

• Journal of the Korean Magnetics Society
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• v.2 no.2
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• pp.119-124
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• 1992

We have investigated the effects of sputtering Ar gas pressure on magnetic and magneto-optical properties in compositionally modulated Co/Pd superlattice thin films. The samples were prepared by dc magnetron sputtering from 2-in.-diam Co and Pd targets by alternately exposing the substrates to targets. Sputtering Ar gas pressure was varied from 2 to 30 mTorr. All samples had same bilayer thicknesses composed of 2-$\AA$-thick Co and 9-$\AA$-thick Pd sublayers. It was observed that the colum-nar structure was more distinctively developed with increasing Ar gas pressure. We observed that the intrinsic uniaxial anisotropy energy, magnetization and polar Kerr rotation were decreased with increasing Ar gas pressures. Large coercivity and perfect squareness were attained by the deposition at the high Ar gas pressure. We believe that the results are mainly ascribed the variation of micro-structure with sputtering Ar gas pressure.

• Korean Journal of Optics and Photonics
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• v.24 no.2
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• pp.77-85
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• 2013

The precision of retardation measurement has been improved upto $3{\sigma}$ <0.005 nm after improvements are made to the conventional transmission ellipsometer. Improvements are made such that, i) the polarizer module instead of the sample stage is rotated, ii) the light source is replaced, iii) the starting points of two rotating modules are accurately synchronized, and iv) the fine background retardation is compensated. Together with the newly introduced RVD (Retardation Vector Difference) method, the improved instrument is successfully applied to characterize the ultra small optical birefringence of the rubbed polyimide alignment layer, after the residual retardation due to glass substrate whose magnitude is about 1.0 nm is properly subtracted. It is verified that the net retardation of the alignment layer ranges from 0.05 nm to 0.15 nm.

• Korean Journal of Optics and Photonics
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• v.21 no.4
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• pp.161-167
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• 2010

We suggest an effective expression of transmission coefficients between uniaxial anisotropic media. To study the transmission of oblique incident light by stratified anisotropic planar structures, we included an imaginary isotropic layer sandwiched between those anisotropic media, and then considered multiple reflection within the imaginary layer. The adequacy of this expression is confirmed by comparing the polarization analysis of light passing through the anisotropic medium and the multi.layered anisotropic media.

• Korean Journal of Optics and Photonics
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• v.5 no.4
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• pp.481-486
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• 1994

We demonstrate z-scan method as a tool for investigating the molecular orientational order in organic solution when high static electric field is applied. Experiments are performed for the solution of 0.5% (by weight) 4-dimethylamino-4'-nitrostilbene in cyclopentanone and nonlinear refractive index $n_{2}$, is measured to be $-0.905\times10^{-8}\textrm{cm}^2/MW$ at $1.064{\mu}m$. When static electric field of 3.45 KV fmm is applied, the anisotropy ratio of n, is measured to be 1.34 and the molecular orientational order parameters $

_2 and

_4$ are found to be 0.092 and -0.128, respectively. ively.

• Proceedings of the Korean Magnestics Society Conference
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• 2013.05a
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• pp.15-16
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• 2013

Magnetization behavior of ultra thin $Fe_xCo_{1-x}$ alloy (where x varies from 0 to 100) has been investigated as functions of composition on Cr (100) substrate by using in situ surface magneto optical Kerr effect (SMOKE). It's always show in plane uniaxial magnetic anisotropy at room temperature (RT) & Low temperature (LT). It is observed that composition dependent coercive force maximum at about 30 at % Co and 70 at % Co atomic ratio and minimum near equiatomic site. The relative magnetic moments as composition variation also show magnetization collapse near equiatomic site. The magnetization behaviors of Fe-Co alloy on Cr (100) due to composition varies are supported the order-disordering as well as structural stability bcc (ferromagnetic)/fcc (anti-ferromagnetic) phase stability magnetism.

• Journal of the Korean Ceramic Society
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• v.40 no.9
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• pp.855-858
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• 2003

When the PbO-based flux system is used in the Liquid Phase Epitaxy (LPE) method for Yttrium Iron Garnet (YIG) thick film, the effect of Pb ions incorporated into the grown crystal; increase the lattice parameter, changed the uniaxial magnetic anisotropy constant (Ku) or conductance of grown film. It exerts a bad influence on physical property such as increasing optical absorption of grown film. The content of the Pb ion in crystal was decreased by volatilization of Pb ion after annealing; therefore, the lattice parameter of film was reduced on an average 0.0115 ${\AA}$ by the the Pb ion.

• Proceedings of the Korean Society of Near Infrared Spectroscopy Conference
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• 2001.06a
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• pp.1182-1182
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• 2001

In this study, the newly constructed optical measurement system, which was mainly composed of a parametric tunable laser and a near infrared photoelectric multiplier, was introduced to clarify the optical characteristics of wood as discontinuous body with anisotropic cellular structure from the viewpoint of the time-of-flight near infrared spectroscopy (TOF-NIRS). The combined effects of the cellular structure of wood sample, the wavelength of the laser beam λ, and the detection position of transmitted light on the time resolved profiles were investigated in detail. The variation of the attenuance of peak maxima At, the time delay of peak maxima Δt and the variation of full width at half maximum Δw were strongly dependent on the feature of cellular structure of a sample and the wavelength of the laser beam. The substantial optical path length became about 30 to 35 times as long as sample thickness except the absorption band of water. Δt ${\times}$ Δw representing the light scattering condition increased exponentially with the sample thickness or the distance between the irradiation point and the end of sample. Around the λ=900-950 nm, there may be considerable light scattering in the lumen of tracheid, which is multiple specular reflection and easy to propagate along the length of wood fiber. Such tendency was remarkable for soft wood with the aggregate of thin layers of cell walls. When we apply TOF-NIRS to the cellular structural materials like wood, it is very important to give attention to the difference in the light scattering within cell wall and the multiple specular-like reflections between cell walls. We tried to express the characteristics of the time resolved profile on the basis of the optical parameters for light propagation determined by the previous studies, which were absorption coefficient K and scattering coefficient S from Kubelka-Munk theory and n from nth power cosine model of radiant intensity. The wavelength dependency of the product of K/S and n, which expressed the light-absorbing and -scattering condition and the degree of anisotropy, respectively, was similar to that of the time delay of peak maxima Δt. The variation of the time resolved profile is governed by the combination of these parameters. So, we can easily find the set of parameters for light propagation synthetically from Δt.