• Archives of Craniofacial Surgery
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• v.18 no.1
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• pp.25-29
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• 2017

Background: Many authors have evaluated the post-reduction result of nasal bone fracture through patient satisfaction or postoperative complications. However, these results are limited because they are subjective. The aim of this study was to correlate an objective operation result with patient satisfaction and postoperative complications according to the type of nasal bone fractures. Methods: Our study included 313 patients who had isolated nasal bone fractures and had undergone a closed reduction. Postoperative outcomes were evaluated objectively using computed tomographic (CT) images, while patient satisfaction was evaluated one month after the operation. The correlation of the operation result with patient satisfaction was then evaluated. Results: The correlation between the operation result and patient satisfaction was highest for the lateral impact group type I (LI) type of fracture and lowest for the comminuted fracture group (C) type of fracture. However, there were no statistically significant differences in correlation between the overall result and patient satisfaction by fracture type. The complication rate of lateral impact group type II (LII), C, and frontal impact group type I (FI) fractures were statistically significantly higher than that of frontal impact group type II (FII) and LI fractures. There were no statistically significant relationships between the prevalence of complications and septal fracture or deviation according to the fracture type. In the total group, however, there was a statistically significant difference in complication rate by septal fracture. Conclusion: We found that the CT outcomes correlated with patient satisfaction. The complication rate of LII, C, and FI fractures were statistically significantly higher than that of FII and LI fractures. Septal fracture/deviation increased the postoperative complication in the total group.

• The Korean Journal of Community Living Science
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• v.26 no.4
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• pp.683-696
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• 2015

This study measures patients' meal satisfaction according to the type of operation (self-operation and contract operation) and identifies improvement areas. A survey was conducted using 183 contract operation patients and 60 self-operation patients receiving general meals. The mean score for satisfaction for the whole sample was 3.42 (self-operation = 3.51; contract operation = 3.39), and self-operation satisfaction was significantly higher than contract operation satisfaction. Mean scores were 2.98 for food, 3.26 for menu composition, 3.57 for sanitation, 3.78 for distribution meal services, and 3.50 for menu information. Self-operation showed a higher satisfaction level than the contract operation in food and menu composition. The ccontract operation showed a higher level of satisfaction than self-operation in sanitation, distribution meal services, and menu information. In terms of feeling dissatisfaction with meal services, both groups showed the highest dissatisfaction with food and menus, and both groups agreed on food and menus that required the greatest improvement. Based on the results, contract operation managers should develop and apply menus considering their preferences. Dietitians of self-operation strengthen communication between meal service staff and patients by carrying out periodic and systematic service education on self-operation.

• Proceedings of the KIPE Conference
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• 2008.06a
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• pp.157-159
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• 2008

Generally, Capacitor charging power supply (CCPS) consist of the full-bridge inverter, LC resonant tank and capacitance load. The multi-connection systems are normally used for high voltage or high power application. In this paper, conventional parallel operation resonant type and proposed series operation PWM type CCPS for pulse corona occurrence of DeSOx, DeNOx system using magnetic pulse compressor make a comparison. The effect of proposed CCPS is verified by circuit characteristics analysis of parallel operation resonant type and series operation PWM type, and it is confirmed by simulation result.

• Korean Journal of Air-Conditioning and Refrigeration Engineering
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• v.13 no.6
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• pp.431-439
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• 2001

Recently, multi-room type heat pump system has aroused much attention, because it can achieve much reduction of installation cost and space as well as energy saving in companion with the single room type heat pump system. In the present study, performance characteristics of a 3 room type inverter driven heat pump system, which is widely spread in Japanese market, are measured.. In the single room operation, performances of a heat pump system such s the difference of compressor outlet and inlet pressures and the mass flowrate may increase with the increase of cooling capacity so that COP of the system decrease with the increase of cooling capacity. However, in the 2 room operation, mass flowrate and COP of the total system increase markedly as compared with the single room operation.

• School Mathematics
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• v.12 no.4
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• pp.507-530
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• 2010

The purpose of this study was to help teachers for their teaching practice by analyzing the excellent lesson videos. To analyze the lesson videos between teacher and students, the researchers classified excellent lesson classes into four types as 'Discourse type', 'Representation type', 'Operation type' and 'Complex type' by mathematical communication pattern and kept close watch each lesson videos. Mathematical communication of the best discourse type classroom was analyzed in terms of questioning, explaining, and the sources of mathematical ideas. As a result, the number of Discourse type classes was 6. Operation type classes were 16 owing to characteristic of elementary class. Representation type class was 1 and Complex type class was 1. The Classes excluding Operation type was more planned by teachers. Teachers need to know about mathematical communication accurately because they designed just 5 lesson plan considering mathematical communication of students and only one of the lessons has the intellectual purpose of communication. Furthermore teachers should reflect questioning for student-to-student in their lesson plan.

• Journal of Electrical Engineering and Technology
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• v.13 no.2
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• pp.533-539
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• 2018

In this paper, the transformer type superconducting fault current limiter (SFCL) with additionally coupled circuit was suggested and its peak fault current limiting characteristics due to the fault condition to affect the fault current were analyzed through the fault current limiting tests. The suggested transformer type SFCL is basically identical to the previous transformer type SFCL except for the additional coupled circuit. The additional coupled circuit, which consists of the magnetically coupled winding to the primary and the secondary windings together with another superconducting element and is connected in parallel with the secondary winding of the transformer type SFCL, is contributed to the peak fault current limiting operation for the larger transient fault current directly after the fault occurrence. To confirm the fault current limiting operation of the suggested SFCL, the fault current limiting tests of the suggested SFCL were performed and its effective peak fault current limiting characteristics were analyzed through the analysis on the electrical equivalent circuit.

• Journal of Korean Society of Industrial and Systems Engineering
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• v.23 no.58
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• pp.17-27
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• 2000

In FMS where tool movement policy is adopted, a mathematical model has been developed which determines the selection of a tool type for each operation and tool loading-part assignment simultaneouly. The objective is to minimize the total cost of operation including machining time cost, tool cost, tool replacement and loading time cost, and tool change time cost. Due to the complexity of the problem, an approximate solution procedure has been developed utilizing the special structure of the model. Tool selection was determined first to allocate one tool type to each operation considering more than one tool type alternatives for each operation. Tool loading-part assignment was determined to minimize tile total number of tool changes due to part mix based on the tool selection.

• Journal of Electrical Engineering and Technology
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• v.13 no.1
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• pp.263-269
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• 2018

In this study, a selective inverter operation between a 2-level voltage source converter (VSC) and a 3-level T-type VSC (3LT VSC) is proposed to improve the efficiency of a 3LT VSC. The 3LT VSC topology, except for its neutral-point switches, has similar operations as that of the 2-level VSC. If an operation mode is changed according to efficiency, the efficiency can be improved because efficiencies of each methods are depending on current and MI (Modulation Index). The proposed method calculates the power losses of the two topologies and operates as the having lower losses. To calculate the losses, the switching and conduction losses based on the operation mode of each topology were analyzed. The controller determined the operation mode of the 2- or 3-level VSC based on the power loss calculated during every cycle. The validity of the proposed control scheme was investigated through simulation and experiments. The waveform and average efficiency of each method were compared.

• Proceedings of the KIEE Conference
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• 2004.04a
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• pp.83-85
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• 2004

We proposed the bridge type fault current limiter(FCL) using switching operation of high-Tc superconducting(HTSC) thin film. The proposed bridge type FCL consists of HTSC thin film, a diode bridge and a dc reactor. The controller for the operation of an interrupter is required in the conventional bridge type FCL to prevent the continuous increase of fault current after a fault happens. On the other hand, the proposed bridge type FCL can limit the fault current without the interrupter and the controller for its operation by the resistance generated when the gradually increased fault current exceeds HTSC thin film's critical current. We calculated the time when the gradually increased fault current started to be limited by the resistance generated in HTSC thin film after a fault happened and confirmed that it could be dependent on the amplitude of source voltage. The experimental results well agreed with the calculated ones from simulation.

• Journal of the Ergonomics Society of Korea
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• v.27 no.4
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• pp.109-117
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• 2008

Compared to the existing PC which uses a mouse and a keyboard, the touchscreen-based portable PC allows the user to use fingers, requiring new operation methods. However, current touchscreen-based web browser operations in many cases involve merely having fingers move simply like a mouse and click, or not corresponding well to the user's sensitivity and the structure of one's index finger, making itself difficult to be used during walking. Therefore, the goal of this study is to develop finger gestures which facilitate the interaction between the interface and the user, and make the operation easier. First, based on the frequency of usage in the web browser and preference, top eight functions were extracted. Then, the users' structural knowledge was visualized through sketch maps, and the finger gestures which were applicable in touchscreens were derived through the Meaning in Mediated Action method. For the front/back page, and up/down scroll functions, directional gestures were derived, and for the window closure, refresh, home and print functions, letter-type and icon-type gestures were drawn. A validation experiment was performed to compare the performance between existing operation methods and the proposed one in terms of execution time, error rate, and preference, and as a result, directional gestures and letter-type gestures showed better performance than the existing methods. These results suggest that not only during the operation of touchscreen-based web browser in portable PC but also during the operation of telematics-related functions in automobile, PDA and so on, the new gestures can be used to make operation easier and faster.