• Journal of the Korean Association of Geographic Information Studies
• /
• v.22 no.3
• /
• pp.51-64
• /
• 2019

Mt. Geumgang has been a scenic spot representing the Korean peninsula since the Joseon Dynasty, and became a symbol of inter-Korean exchanges with the Gaesong Industrial Complex after the division of the South and North. Mt. Geumgang Tour Course is divided into the Inner-Geumgang (Naegeumgang) and the Outer-Geumgang (Oegeumgang). It was common for the Mt. Geumgang tour route during the Joseon Dynasty and the Japanese Imperialization period to enter the Inner-Geumgang, near Seoul, and come to the East Sea through the Outer-Geumgang. However, the tour route starting from Goseong was utilized for the Mt. Geumgang tour course operated by Hyundai. Because North Korea opened only the Outer-Geumgang area. North Korea has only opened some of its tour courses to Hyundai, but if Geumgang tourism is resumed in the future, there is a high possibility that it will be opened further, such as opening some sections of the Inner-Geumgang in 2007. In this case, it is necessary to connect additional transportation networks to access Inner-Geumgang from South Korea. The best alternative was the restoration of the Mt. Geumgang Railway. However, considering the fact that the reconstruction of the Mt. Geumgang Railway can not be completed due to the construction of the Imnam Dam, it is the most realistic alternative to restore Route 31 connecting Yanggu and Geumgang-eup. As a result of the analysis of road connecting Inner-Geumgang, three routes were confirmed. All of which were adjacent to the existing National Route 31. These routes passing through Dutayeon and Mundeung-ri and joining the Route 31 from Inje. Considering road length, topography characteristics, and military facility layout, it seems that the connection of 'Dutaeyun - Mundeung - Geumgang' is a realistic alternative connecting from South Korea to Inner-Geumgang.

• Journal of the Korea Academia-Industrial cooperation Society
• /
• v.22 no.3
• /
• pp.148-159
• /
• 2021

This study focused on searching for optimal locations for general high schools by considering the minimum move distance and the maximum student capacity upon starting a common curriculum based on a high school credit system by taking Seoul as an illustration. The main results were as follows. First, the results from P-median showed that the students' average move distance was below 625m when more than 30% of general high schools offer the common curriculum courses. In addition, the results from MCLP indicated that it was possible to hold all the students. Second, although all the universities located in Seoul open the common curriculum courses, it would not be available to hold all students. On the other hand, when more than 20% of the universities open the courses, MCLP indicated that it was possible to hold the same capacity. In addition, the Office of Education should support moving to the universities offering courses for students affiliated with high schools located in the southeastern area of Seoul and in poor transportation areas. It is expected that by suggesting a problem solving framework regarding space with a spatial optimization method, the study results can be used as a basic data for selecting schools offering common curriculum courses.

• International Area Studies Review
• /
• v.21 no.4
• /
• pp.125-139
• /
• 2017

This study analyzes the determinants and patterns of regional migration in Myanmar. Population migration is affected by various factors such as economic and social factors as well as regional characteristics. It is affected by factors such as income, employment and social overhead capital. Therefore, this study attempts to analyze the following two research problems. First, I would like to analyze whether the reform and opening of Myanmar is causing the migration of rural to urban population. Myanmar is also trying to verify the pattern of population migration experienced by other developing countries. Second, we analyze the impact of social overhead capital on population migration in Myanmar. We analyze the impact of basic infrastructure such as roads, electricity and water on population movements. This will give implications for investment policy decision of social overhead capital for balanced regional development. First, the pattern of population migration in Myanmar is shifting from rural to urban areas, as other developing countries have experienced. Myanmar's urban areas of Yangon and Mandalay have been analyzed as having migration. Second, the expansion of social overhead capital was found to have an impact. Social overhead capital such as roads and educational environments were analyzed to have the capacity to inhale the population. Especially, the educational environment of the region has a great effect on population migration. It is analyzed that education reform is an important policy issue for the balanced regional development of Myanmar. Fourth, employment opportunities were analyzed to have the greatest impact on Myanmar population movements. In the early stage of economic development, it is analyzed that the population moves to a region where employment opportunity is high in the situation where foreign capital is coming in. It is analyzed that the direction of inflow of foreign capital and the imbalance of development in the region will be determined in the situation where the economic development is carried out through foreign capital.

• Journal of the Korea Society of Computer and Information
• /
• v.28 no.1
• /
• pp.49-54
• /
• 2023

The Global Positioning System (GPS) was developed for military purposes and developed as it is today by opening civilian signals (GPS L1 frequency C/A signals). The current satellite orbits the earth about twice a day to measure the position, and receives more than 3 satellite signals (initially, 4 to calculate even the time error). The three-dimensional position of the ground receiver is determined using the data from the radio wave departure time to the radio wave Time of Arrival(TOA) of the received satellite signal through trilateration. In the case of navigation using GPS in recent years, a location error of 5 to 10 m usually occurs, and quite a lot of areas, such as apartments, indoors, tunnels, factory areas, and mountainous areas, exist as blind spots or neutralized areas outside the error range of GPS. Therefore, in order to acquire one's own location information in an area where GPS satellite signal reception is impossible, another method should be proposed. In this study, IMU(Inertial Measurement Unit) combined with an acceleration and gyro sensor and a geomagnetic sensor were used to design a system to enable location recognition even in terrain where GPS signal reception is impossible. A method to track the current position by calculating the instantaneous velocity value using a 9-DOF IMU and a geomagnetic sensor was studied, and its feasibility was verified through production and experimentation.

• The Journal of Engineering Geology
• /
• v.32 no.4
• /
• pp.467-482
• /
• 2022

The Yeonghae basin is located at the northeastern part of the Yangsan fault (YSF; a potentially active fault). The study of the architecture of the Yeonghae basin is important to understand the activity of the Yangsan fault system (YSFS) as well as the basin formation mechanism and the activity of the YSFS. For this study, Digital Elevation Model (DEM) was used to highlight the marginal faults, and structural fieldwork was performed to understand the geometry of the intra-basinal structures and the nature of the bounding faults. DEM analysis reveals that the eastern margin is bounded by the northern extension of the YSF whereas the western margin is bounded by two curvilinear sub-parallel faults; Baekseokri fault (BSF) and Gakri fault (GF). The field data indicate that the YSF is striking in the N-S direction, steeply dipping to the east, and experienced both sinistral and dextral strike-slip movements. Both the BSF and GF are characterized dominantly by an oblique right-lateral strike-slip movement. The stress indicators show that the maximum horizontal compressional stress was in NNE to NE and NNW-SSE, which is consistent with right-lateral and left-lateral movements of the YSFS, respectively. The plotted structural data show that the NE-SW is the predominant direction of the structural elements. This indicates that the basin and marginal faults are mainly controlled by the right-lateral strike-slip movements of the YSFS. Based on the structural architecture of the Yeonghae basin, the study area represents a contractional zone rather than an extensional zone in the present time. We proposed two models to explain the opening and developing mechanism of the Yeonghae basin. The first model is that the basin developed as an extensional pull-apart basin during the left-lateral movement of the YSF, which has been reactivated by tectonic inversion. In the second model, the basin was developed as an extensional zone at a dilational quadrant of an old tip zone of the northern segment of the YSF during the right-lateral movement stage. Later on, the basin has undergone a shortening stage due to the closing of the East Sea. The second model is supported by the major trend of the collected structural data, indicating predominant right-lateral movement. This study enables us to classify the Yeonghae basin as an inverted strike-slip basin. Moreover, two opposite strike-slip movement senses along the eastern marginal fault indicate multiple deformation stages along the Yangsan fault system developed along the eastern margin of the Korean peninsula.

• Tunnel and Underground Space
• /
• v.33 no.2
• /
• pp.95-107
• /
• 2023

In this study, the effect of repeated traffic vibration on the long-term stability of mine openings is analyzed for re-utilization of abandoned mine galleries. The research mine in this study is an underground limestone mine which is developed by room-and-pillar mining method, and a dynamic numerical analysis is performed assuming that the research mine will be utilized as a logistics warehouse. The actual traffic vibration generated by the mining vehicles is measured directly, and its waveform is used as input data for dynamic numerical analysis, As a results of dynamic numerical analysis, after 20,000 repetitions of traffic vibration, the mine openings is analyzed to be stable, but an increase in the maximum principal stress and an additional area of plastic zone are observed in the analysis section. As shown in the changes of displacement, volumetric strain, and maximum principal stress which are measured at the mine opening walls. It is confirmed that if the repeated traffic vibration is continuously applied, the instability of the mine openings can be increased. Authors expect that the results of this study can be used as a reference for basic study on utilization of abandoned mine.

• Korea Science and Art Forum
• /
• v.19
• /
• pp.405-415
• /
• 2015

Recently the development of China has attracted all over the world, many scholars of different areas are interested in Chinese Culture and Chinese Market. After sixties of last century development of the economic of the South Korea closer to modernization, but there are many problems, one of them is the urban living style boasts of the features of concentration. Because of this phenomenon the lack of housing space become more serious. It also come to be a social problems. Therefore narrow residential area become inevitability. At the same time, effective utilization of housing space become a demand. Especially for those families with limited living space, it's meaningful for them. Between the China and the South Korea. Chinese have the same situation too, the different is kitchen space of chinese is closed. It means they have to cook in limited space. With increased supplies and more small appliances, an inevitable requirement is opening out the kitchen space, but unreasonable furnishings and living space reduces the efficiency of the kitchen, which has led to the discontent of users. From this, base on the investigation and analysis of diet&living space of most chinese apartment, and through differences kinds and places of storage items. With them I would combine the food culture and feature of storage space of China to solve problems of the efficiency of the kitchen.

• Journal of architectural history
• /
• v.32 no.3
• /
• pp.7-20
• /
• 2023

The compositions of ethnic groups in Macau vary with time. Prior to the opening of the port, the majority of the residents in Macau were Chinese people, including those living on land and at sea. After the port was opened, with the increase of Portugal businessmen and missionaries, the population was divided into Chinese people and foreigners (so-called 'Yiren' or 夷人 in Chinese). Chinese people living on land were mainly of Hakka, Fujian, and Cantonese descent. Those living at sea were referred to as 'Tanka People' (named 'Danmin' or 蜑民in Chinese). They lived on floating boats for their entire lives and were similar to the 'drifters' in Japan. Since modern times, many refugees from mainland China and Southeast Asia flooded into Macau due to warfare. The development of industrialization required a larger number of laborers, and some 'coolies' entered Macau in legal or illegal ways, making it a multi-ethnic city. However, the Tanka people were not considered a minority ethnic group under the national ethnic policy of 56 ethnic groups since they did not have an exclusive language and shared dialects in different regions. As the ports inhabited by Tanka people gradually restored foreign trade, the boats and stilt houses used by Tanka people were dismantled to expand the infrastructure area of the ports. Many Tanka people began to live on land and marry people on land, leading to the disappearance of the Tanka group in Macau. The fishing boats and stilt houses used by Tanka people have also disappeared, with only a few remaining in areas such as Pearl River Delta and Hong Kong. This paper examines the natural and social environment of Tanka people in Macau from the Ming and Qing dynasties to the Republic of China, as well as the adaptive changes they adopted for the aforementioned environment in terms of living space and architectural type, on the basis of summarizing the historical activities of Tanka people. Finally, this study provides a layout plan and interior structure of the most commonly used boat for Tanka people from the Ming and Qing dynasties to the Republic of China, with the use of CAD and other technical software, along with reference to written historical documentation, and provides a case study for further research on the architectural history of Macau's inner harbor cities, from anthropological and folklore perspectives.

• Journal of Marine Life Science
• /
• v.1 no.1
• /
• pp.25-30
• /
• 2016

We investigated the possibility of a bio-monitoring system for detecting hypoxic water in coastal area using shell valve movements of Pacific oyster (Crassostrea gigas), which showed most aquaculture production in Korea, with Hall element sensor. In filtrating water to confirm shell valve movement (SVM) under normal condition, it showed spikes which mean a relatively fast closing condition after opened condition of average 5~12 mm, and then the SVM showed back to opening condition slower than closing speed SVM numbers during light period were similar to that of dark period (p<0.05). When dissolved oxygen (DO) concentration was reduced from 7 mg l^-1 to 3 mg l^-1, SVM numbers were increasing with decreasing of DO, and showed abnormality SVMs as compare with normal condition. Moreover, in the condition of 2 mg l^-1, Distance between light and left shell showed gradually decreased, and then we could not detected SVMs due to closed condition. Thus, if we quickly detect abnormal environmental variations as hypoxia water using bio-monitoring of SVM, it may be contribute to increased productivity by dramatically reducing damages in aquaculture.

• International Area Studies Review
• /
• v.15 no.1
• /
• pp.341-365
• /
• 2011

This study used a non-parametric linear program, Data Envelopment Analysis to compare the efficiency of South Korean and Chinese banks from 2000 to 2008, which is said to be the reformation period of their financial structure. The sample banks were 10 commercial banks and 6 regional banks in Korea, and 4 state-owned commercial banks and 11 stock commercial banks in China. The main objective of our research is to compare their efficiency, as well as the changes in efficiency periodically according to the types of the banks. According to the periodical analysis, both of the countries showed steady increase in efficiency. This shows that finance restructure and merging were positive factors for bank's efficiency during the revolution of finance structure. The study showed that between Korea and China, the bank of Korea has higher efficiency than that of China. Although the reconstruction period happened around the same time, due to the earlier acceleration period to opening Korea's financial market, made the difference in efficiency.