• Journal of Mechanical Science and Technology
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• 제20권10호
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• pp.1576-1589
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• 2006

Most of surface water ways in Egypt suffer from the infestation of aquatic weeds especially submerged ones which cause lots of problems for the open channels and the water structures such as increasing water losses, obstructing the water flow, and reducing the efficiency of the water structures. Accurate simulation of the water flow behavior in such channels is very essential for water distribution decision makers. Artificial Neural Network (ANN) has been widely utilized in the past ten years in civil engineering applications for the simulation and prediction of the different physical phenomena and has proven its capabilities in the different fields. The present study aims towards introducing the use of ANN technique to model and predict the impact of the existence of submerged aquatic weeds on the hydraulic performance of open channels. Specifically the current paper investigates utilizing the ANN technique in developing a simulation and prediction model for the flow behavior in an open channel experiment that simulates the existence of submerged weeds as branched flexible elements. This experiment was considered as an example for implementing the same methodology and technique in a real open channel system. The results of current manuscript showed that ANN technique was very successful in simulating the flow behavior of the pre-mentioned open channel experiment with the existence of the submerged weeds. In addition, the developed ANN models were capable of predicting the open channel flow behavior in all the submerged weeds' cases that were considered in the ANN development process.

• 대한기계학회논문집
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• 제10권1호
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• pp.86-95
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• 1986

본 연구에서는 폭이 일정한 급경사 개수노상(0.15mW*1.6mL)을 상온의 물이 유동할 때 유동율과 수로 급경사에 따른 명입치에서의 유동깊이 변화를 실측을 통하여 밝히고 이념치와 비교하였다.

• 한국수자원학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국수자원학회 2022년도 학술발표회
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• pp.138-138
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• 2022

Understanding a stream's or river's discharge is essential for a variety of hydrological and geomorphological applications at various sizes. However, depending on the stream environment and flow conditions, it is crucial to use the appropriate techniques and instruments. This will ensure that discharge estimations are as reliable as possible. This study presents developed smart system for continuous measurement of open channel discharge and evaluate streamflow measurement over various techniques. This includes developed smart flow meter as flow point measurements, smart water level sensor (installed on Hydraulic Structure ? Weir) and current meters. Advantages and disadvantages of each equipment are presented to ensure that the most appropriate method can be selected. we found that smart water level sensor is more prominent once used during flood event as compared to smart flow meter and current meters, while current meters seems to show better accuracy once applied for open channel.

• Ecology and Resilient Infrastructure
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• 제4권1호
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• pp.54-62
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• 2017

본 연구는 OpenFOAM의 large eddy simulation (LES)를 이용하여 복단면 흐름을 분석하였다. LES는 여과된 연속방정식과 운동량 방정식을 수치적으로 해석하였다. 일방정식 LES와 비균일 격자를 적용하여 벽 부근의 난류 비등방성과 이차류를 재현하였다. 복단면 개수로 난류의 LES 결과는 홍수터의 수심이 깊은 경우와 얕은 경우에 대해서 제시하였다. 이들 결과는 실험 결과와 비교하였으며 실험결과와 계산 결과는 부합되는 양상을 보여준다. 또한 이차류를 생성하는 난류 비등방성의 역할에 대해서 제시하고 있다.

• 상하수도학회지
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• 제26권3호
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• pp.423-430
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• 2012

This study was conducted to qualify the equality of the flow distribution from open channel between rapid mixing basin and flocculation basins in a domestic S_ water treatment plant, and to suggest a remedy for improving the equality. In order to evaluate the feasibility of the suggested remedy, computational fluid dynamics (CFD) technique are used, and for verifying the CFD simulation results tracer tests were carried out. From the results of CFD simulation and tracer tests, it was investigated that the modification of hydraulic structure in the distribution channel, which is to install the longitudinal orifice baffle in flow direction, could improve the equality of the flow distribution over 75%.

• 대한토목학회논문집
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• 제29권3B호
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• pp.239-245
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• 2009

제방은 형태 및 구성이 중력댐과 유사한 수리구조물이나, 외력조건에서 중력댐과 다른 특성을 가진다. 제방은 제외지의 수위와 흐름의 영향을 복합적으로 받는 구조물로서 하천의 흐름조건을 무시한 기존 연구와 같이 침투 안전성 해석을 시행하는 것은 바람직하지 않다. 본 연구에서는 하천제방 주변의 흐름인 사다리꼴 개수로 흐름구조와 제외지 흐름이 제방침투에 미치는 영향을 분석하기 위한 실험을 수행하였다. 사다리꼴 개수로 흐름구조는 유속분포 및 바닥면 전단응력에 있어 직사각형 개수로 흐름과 상이하였다. 또한 유속이 0.5 m/s인 경우에 침투 수두는 흐름이 없는 경우와 비교하여 10%정도 크게 나타났다. 이러한 현상은 동수두, 이차류, 난류 변동성분에 의한 인자, 그리고 다양한 물리적 영향에 기인한다. 따라서 침투해석의 외력조건은 수위뿐만 아니라, 흐름에 의한 영향을 고려할 필요가 있다.

• 물과 미래
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• 제23권2호
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• pp.251-263
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• 1990

본 연구의 목적은 도시 유역에서의 표면유출에 의한 맨홀 유입량을 추정하고 관망에서의 흐름을 해석하기 위한 모형을 개발하기 위한 것이다. 각 맨홀로의 유입량은 합리식을 이용한 단순방법으로 유입 수문곡선을 모의하는 방법과 해당유역 특성을 고려한 표면유출 모의에 의한 유입 수물곡선 결정방법이 이용된다. 관망에서의 흐름은 Saint-Venant공식의 dynamic equation에 유한음차분법(four-point implicit method)응 적용하여 동시해법으로 해석하였다. 특히 압력류(surcharge flow)흐름은 관의 상단에 좁고 긴 가상관을 연결시켜 모든 흐름을 개수로 흐름으로 해석가능 하도록 전환함으로써 해석의 단순화를 기하였고, 개발된 USS-slot모형이 부정류 우수관망 흐름을 적절히 모의할 수 있는가를 판별하기 위하여 기존에 연구된 관망에 적용하여 그 결과들을 비교 분석하였다.

• 한국수자원학회논문집
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• 제44권5호
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• pp.417-427
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• 2011

침수식생 개수로 흐름은구조적으로상부영역과식생영역으로구분되는데, 상부영역은 일반 개수로의 흐름특성을 보이며 식생영역은 줄기에 의해 난류가 억제되어 정수식생 조건의 흐름과 유사하게 단순한 흐름특성을 보인다. 본 논문은 침수식생 개수로 흐름의 난류 및 유사이동 특성에 관한 실험연구이다. 이를 위해 폭 0.5m, 길이 12m인 개수로 실험장치를 이용하여수리실험을 실시하였다. 다양한 유량에 대하여 수심비 2～3인 흐름을 구현하였고, 나무원형 실린더를 이용하여 식생을 재현하였다. 평형상태에서 부유사 농도 분포를 측정하기 위해서중앙입경이 75 ${\mu}M$인 모래를 한계조건에 도달하기까지 지속적으로 투입하였다. 유속 성분의 계측을 위하여 레이저 도플러 유속계를 사용하였고, 튜브를 이용한 사이포닝 방식으로 시료를 직접 채취하여 부유사 농도를 측정하였다. 측정된 자료를 이용하여 실험조건에 따른 평균흐름과 난류량의 특성을 살펴보았고, Rouse 수에 따른 부유사 농도 분포를 제시하였다.

• 한국환경복원기술학회지
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• 제7권6호
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• pp.61-74
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• 2004

Hydraulic engineers and scientists working on river restoration recognize the need for a deeper understanding of natural streams as a complex and dynamic system, which involves not only abiotic elements(flow, sediments) but also biotic components. From this point of view, the role played by riverine vegetation dynamics and flow conditions becomes essential. Hydro-mechanic interaction between flow and flexible plants covering a river bed is studied in this paper and some previous works are discussed. Measurements of turbulence and flow resistance in vegetated open channel were performed using rigid and flexible tube. Measuring detailed turbulent velocity profiles within and above submerged and flexible stems allowed to distinguish different turbulent regimes. Some interesting relationships were obtained between the velocity field and the deflected height of the plants, such as a reduced drag coefficient in the flexible stems. Turbulent intensities and Reynolds stresses were measured showing two different regions : above and inside the vegetation domain. In flexible vegetated open channel, the maximum values of turbulent intensities and Reynolds stresses appear above the top of canopy. Method to predict a flow resistance in flexible vegetated open channel is developed by modifying an analytical model proposed by Klopstra et al. (1997). Calculated velocity profiles and roughness values correspond well with flume experiments. These confirm the applicability of the presented model for open channel with flexible vegetation. The new method will be verified in the real vegetated conditions in the near future. After these verifications, the new method should be applied for nature rehabilitation projects such as river restorations.

• 대한기계학회논문집B
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• 제29권6호
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• pp.747-754
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• 2005

Because the liquid-vapor interfacial shear stress affects seriously the liquid flow and the maximum heat transport rate of the grooved wick heat pipe, an accurate modeling for the pressure drop characteristics of the liquid flow is required. A novel method for calculating the liquid pressure drop and the velocity profile of an open channel flow in a microchannel with an arbitrary cross-section is suggested and validated by experiments. An experimental apparatus for the Poiseuille number of the liquid flow in open rectangular microchannels with the hydraulic diameters of 0.40mm, 0.43mm, 0.48mm is used in order to reproduce real situations in the grooved wick heat pipe. Analytic results from the suggested method are compared with the experimental data and they are in a close agreement with each other.