• 한국임상수의학회지
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• 제20권3호
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• pp.323-327
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• 2003

This study has been conducted to compare the efficacy of sodium carboxymethylcellulose (SCMC) and hyaluronic acid (HA) on prevention of adhesion after artificial wound was induced in intestine. 1 % SCMC and 0.3% HA solution and saline solution were respectively administered to abdominal cavity. Each of the three groups consists of 11 rats. The abdominal cavity of each rat was coated with 2 ml of the allocated solution just after the abdomen was cut open, and it was coated with each solution of 1 ml before abrasion were caused on the cecum, the ascending colon and the transverse colon. Then, an additional 1 ml solution was injected before the abdomen was closed. On day 14 after the operation, each adhesion formation was evaluated at the score of 0-4. The HA group and SCMC group showed significantly lower adhesion scores than control group in all regions(P< 0.05). The adhesion scores of ascending colon, transverse colon and no abrasion region of the viscera showed little difference between HA group and SCMC group(P< 0.05), but the effect of adhesion reduction showed higher tendency in the HA group than the SCMC. The adhesion score of the cecum was significantly lower in HA group than SCMC group(P< 0.05). In conclusion, the SCMC solution and HA solution were effective on prevention of abdominal adhesion resulting from the celiotomy. Among of them, the HA solution could be more effective on prevention of adhesion than SCMC solution.

• 구강회복응용과학지
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• 제27권3호
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• pp.337-342
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• 2011

악안면 부위의 선천적 결손이나 외상성 손실, 종양의 외과적 절제 등에 의한 악골의 결손은 환자에게 저작 장애, 연하 장애 등의 기능적 문제와 발음장애 및 심미적 장애를 초래하게 된다. 이러한 장애를 줄여주고 손상된 조직과 기능을 회복시켜주기 위해 많은 경우 보철적인 수복을 필요로 하게 된다. 상악골에 결손부가 생긴 경우 음식물과 액체가 비강으로 새어나가고 이 결손부로 공기가 누출되어 과비음이 발생한다. 이런 경우에 구개 폐쇄 장치가 사용되는데, 이 장치는 상악의 결손부를 채우고 구강과 상악동 또는 비강과의 개통부를 차단하여 심미성을 증진시키고 기능을 회복시킨다. 본 증례의 환자는 우측 상악동에 편평상피세포 암종이 발생하여 상악골 부분 절제술을 시행한 환자로 구개 폐쇄 장치를 제작하여 장착한 후, 발음과 연하 등의 기본적 기능이 회복되었고 안모의 심미성이 증가하였다.

• 한국환경복원기술학회지
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• 제7권2호
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• pp.36-45
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• 2004

This study was conducted to formulate management guidelines for monumental old trees in Korea through analysis of growing environments. A total of 20 old trees designated as natural monuments in Seoul, Incheon, and Gyeonggi provinces were surveyed for biological characteristics, surrounding environments, root collar conditions, tree health, and soil characteristics. Relationships among root collar conditions, tree health, and soil characteristics were analyzed by correlation. The old solitary trees designated as natural monuments included Pinus bungeana(4 trees), Juniperus chinensis(3 trees), Ginkgo biloba(3 trees), Poncirus trifoliata(2 trees), Actinidia arguta, Wisteria floribunda, Thuja orientalis, Quercus variabilis, Sophora japonica, Fraxinus rhynchophylla, Zelkova serrata, and Pinus densiflora. The tree height ranged from 3.56 to 67m, and root collar diameter ranged from 1.01 to 15.2m. The monumental old trees were growing on the various sites ranging from gardens, historical sites, open agricultural fields, mountain hills, to near the ocean beaches and streams. The coverage of bald land ranged from 50 to 100%, and depth of filled soil around the root collar ranged from 0 to 50cm. Tree health was expressed as the amount of branch dieback, cavity development, detachment of cambial tissue, infliction by diseases and insects. The branch dieback ranged from 5 to 20%, cavity development ranged from 10 to 100$cm^3$, detachment of cambial tissue ranged from 5 to 45%, and infliction by diseases and insects ranged from 5 to 20%. Soil pH ranged from 5.9 to 8.3, organic matter contents from 12 to 56%, phosphorus contents from 104 to 618ppm, while soil compaction ranged from 7 to 28mm. Results of correlation analysis showed that coverage of bald land was the most serious factor to deteriorate the cavity development and detachment of cambial tissue. In addition, chemical properties of soils seemed to be related to the health of the trees.

• 한국임상수의학회지
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• 제34권2호
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• pp.108-111
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• 2017

A 4-year-old, weighing 7.6 kg, castrated male, Pug presented with ingestion of gastric cavity foreign body. Physical examination revealed panting, retching and hyper-salivation. Blood chemistry and complete blood cell count were normal, but hypophosphatemia was observed. An abdominal radiograph revealed the foreign body (FB), round shape and 2 cm length, at the pyloric region of stomach. A thoracic radiograph revealed an incidental metal FB, 3.5 cm length, at the cranial portion of the diaphragm. An upper gastrointestinal endoscopy was performed to remove the FB in the stomach and then a peach-pit was removed. However the metal FB was not found in the esophagus therefore a lateral thoracotomy was performed. A right lateral thoracotomy through the $7^{th}$ intercostal space was accomplished to expose the right caudal lung lobe. After open the thoracic cavity, foreign body was not observed by gross evaluation and caudal lung lobe was attached to the diaphragm. The FB was identified inside the lung lobe and surrounded by granulation tissue. The metal FB (sewing needle) was removed with blunt dissection and incised lung lobe was sutured using absorbable suture material PDS 4-0 with interrupted suture. A thoracotomy tube was inserted into the thoracic cavity during surgery. Patient's respiration became stable after surgery. A chest tube was removed 3 days after surgery. No complications were noted and the dog was discharged 4 days after surgery. In small animal, foreign body ingestion is a common reason for emergency. After ingestion of the FB, perforation through the esophagus and migration to inside the lung lobe is not common in small animals. In this case, thoracic metal FB was identified incidentally and removal of a thoracic FB with thoracotomy was performed successfully.

• Restorative Dentistry and Endodontics
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• 제39권2호
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• pp.120-125
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• 2014

Use of an apical plug in management of cases with open apices has gained popularity in recent years. Biodentine, a new calcium silicate-based material has recently been introduced as a dentine substitute, whenever original dentine is damaged. This case report describes single visit apexification in a maxillary central incisor with necrotic pulp and open apex using Biodentine as an apical barrier, and a synthetic collagen material as an internal matrix. Following canal cleaning and shaping, calcium hydroxide was placed as an intracanal medicament for 1 mon. This was followed by placement of small piece of absorbable collagen membrane beyond the root apex to serve as matrix. An apical plug of Biodentine of 5 mm thickness was placed against the matrix using pre-fitted hand pluggers. The remainder of canal was back-filled with thermoplasticized gutta-percha and access cavity was restored with composite resin followed by all-ceramic crown. One year follow-up revealed restored aesthetics and function, absence of clinical signs and symptoms, resolution of periapical rarefaction, and a thin layer of calcific tissue formed apical to the Biodentine barrier. The positive clinical outcome in this case is encouraging for the use of Biodentine as an apical plug in single visit apexification procedures.

• Journal of Chest Surgery
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• 제3권1호
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• pp.3-12
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• 1970

During the last 10 years of period, one hundred patients with various pulmonary diseases were pneumonectomized upon at the Department of Chest Surgery of Pusan University Hospital. This paper is concerned with the clnical results of these patients along with the serious postoperative complications such as postoperative intrapleural infection and hemorrhage. The results were obtained as follows. 1.Left pneumonectomy was done in sixty-six of 100 patients [66 %] and the right one was done in the rest thirty-four[34 %]. The ratio between left and right was nearly 2:1. 2.Of all oostoperative complications, the intrapleural infection was most common, and these were 53 % in empyema thoracis and 12.7 % in pulmonary tuberculosis respectively. 3.More postoperative complications could be seen after right pneumonectomy than the left one. 4.It was thought that the postoperative intrapleural infection was closely correlated with the methods of pleural dissection at pneumonectomy,postoperatlve tube drainage, time of operation, massive hemorrhage during operation, prolongation of bleeding time, and dysfunction of the liver. 5.The repeated thoracenteses with infusion of neomycin into the infected thoracic cavity and intravenous administrations of the high units of penicillin were effective in treatment of the postoperative intrapleural infection, however, the refractory cases have to be cured by thoracoplasty with open window. 6.Immediate secondary open thoracotomy appears to be the method of choice in life saving who developed massive intrathoracic hemorrhage after pneumonectomy. 7.The mortality rate was 10 % in our cases and the main causes of death were postoperative respiratory insufficiency, pulmonary edema, hemorrhage and sudden cardiac arrest.

• Maxillofacial Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery
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• 제18권4호
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• pp.712-717
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• 1996

The term osteomyelitis literally means inflammation of bone marrow. It is described as an inflammatory condition of bone primarily engaging the medullary cavity extending to the periosteum. Following circulatory collapse and ischemia, the involved portions of the bone become necrotic. Cellulitis and osteomyelitis are the most frequent complications of fractures of the mandible and maxilla, because there is an abscessed tooth in the line of fracture. Since most fractures are compound fractures, infection may develop because of contact with oral secretions or outside air. The treatment of chronic osteomyelitis is still under debate. Some authors rely on antibiotics alone, while others advocate combination with surgery. But when infection occurs, establish proper drainage and administer antibiotics. Author treated a case of infected mandibular fracture with mandibular osteotomy, sequestrectomy, iliac bone graft and hyperbaric oxygen therapy, who had suffered suppurative osteomyelitis and mandibular nonunion following the open reduction of the mandibular fracture.

• Journal of Chest Surgery
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• 제11권1호
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• pp.35-41
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• 1978

After the advent of the effective antimicrobial drugs, empyema of the pleural cavity came to be considered an infrequent disease. However, in recent years the problem of empyema is increasing, probably due to bacterial changes associated with the use and misuse of antimicrobials as well as alterations in the host associated with increased longevity and chronic disease. During the 10 years period from 1957, Sop. to 1977, Aug., we experienced 152 cases of empyema, of which 37 were scheduled on open thoracotomy drainge for chronic empyema. 1. The ratio of male to female was 3.6:1 with male predominance and 64% of total was above 40 years old in age distribution. 2. The cardinal symptoms were fever[70%], dyspnea[40.5%], and sputum[40.5%]. The leucocytosis were observed in 75.7% of all cases. The hemoglobin level showed subnormal in 21.6% of all cases. 3- The underlying pathology predisposing to empyema were postoperative empyema [35.1%] and tuberculosis[32.4%] in order. 4. The pathologic organisms by bacterial culture in 37 patients were Pseudomonas [24.3%], Staphylococccus [21.6%], Streptococcus [21.6%]., no growth [8. 1%] and the remainders. 5. The late results were as follow; a. Spontaneous closure was seen in 10 patients and all of them belongs to non-tuberculous group. Their mean duration was 14 months. b. Still opened are eight; 6 in tuberculous group, remainders in non-tuberculous group. c. Secondary closure was performed in 6 patients, of which 5 cases showed successful secondary closure but one failed. The mean duration from OTD to secondary closure was 46.3 days. d. Eleven patients were not followed. e. Two patients were expired; one was due to progressive cachexia and pulmonary insufficiency, the other due to gastrointestinal bleeding unrelated to empyema.

• Journal of Electrical Engineering and Technology
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• 제10권1호
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• pp.314-319
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• 2015

The conventional geometry of a plate microstrip resonator is made up of a single metallic patch, which is printed on a monolayer dielectric substrate. Its arrangement is simple and easy to make, but it is limited in its functional abilities. Many searches have been realized to improve the bandwidth and the gain of the microstrip resonators. Among the various configurations proposed in the open literature, the stacked geometry seems to be very promising. By appropriate design, it is able to provide the operation in dual frequency mode, wide bandwidth enough and high gain. The theoretical investigations of structures composed of two stacked anti-reflection coatings, enhanced metallic coatings are available in the literature, however, for the stacked configurations involving three metallic coatings or more, not to exact or approximate analysis was conducted due to the complexity of the structure.

• Journal of Chest Surgery
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• 제21권6호
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• pp.1084-1094
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• 1988

Conservative management of 3 iatrogenic perforations of intrathoracic esophagus was reviewed. The primary disorders were achalasia in 2 patients and congenital tracheoesophageal fistula in 1 patient. Perforation occurred after treatment of the primary disorders in the distal esophagus in 2 patients and mid-thoracic esophagus in 1 patient. All the perforations appeared late after the previous treatments and the inflammation spread to mediastinum and pleural cavity in all the 3 patients. Conservative management of esophageal perforation was carried out with intraluminal drainage from the perforated site of esophagus[insertion of Levin`s tube and continuous suction], pleural drainage and feeding of liquid diet through gastrostomy tube with Fowler`s position. The patients revealed spontaneous closure of perforated sites about 3 to 4 weeks after this conservative management without open thoracotomy. This result suggests that this conservative management may be accepted as therapeutic method in the thoracic esophageal perforations regardless of cause and time of the perforation.