• 아동학회지
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• 제14권2호
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• pp.49-63
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• 1993

The purpose of this study was to investigate the effects of problem solving interaction through puppetry on interpersonal problem solving thinking. The subjects were 60 children, ranging in age from 69 to 72 months. All subjects were randomly assigned to one of three experimental groups: the control group with no treatment, the puppetry group, the puppetry problem solving interaction group. The treatment covered 4 weeks. The instrument was based on Shure and Spivack's(1974) Preschool Interpersonal Problem Solving (PIPS) test. The data were analyzed with paired t-test, one-way ANOVA, Tukey test, percentage, and Kendall's ${\tau}$. There were significant differences among the three groups in the frequency of solving interpersonal problems. The problem solving interaction with puppetry group was the most effective on Interpersonal Cognitive Problem Solving Strategies. These results showed that problem solving interaction with puppetry is effective in cultivating young children's interpersonal problem solving thinking.

• Coupled systems mechanics
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• 제9권2호
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• pp.163-182
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• 2020

Coupled thermo-mechanical analysis of reinforced concrete slab at elevated temperatures from a fire accounting for nonlinear thermal parameters is carried out. The main focus of the paper is put on a one-way continuous reinforced concrete slab exposed to fire from the single (bottom) side as the most typical working condition under fire loading. Although contemporary techniques alongside the fire protection measures are in constant development, in most cases it is not possible to avoid the material deterioration particularly nearby the exposed surface from a fire. Thereby the structural fire resistance of reinforced concrete slabs is mostly influenced by a relative distance between reinforcement and the exposed surface. A parametric study with variable concrete cover ranging from 15 mm to 35 mm is performed. As the first part of a one-way coupled thermo-mechanical analysis, transient nonlinear heat transfer analysis is performed by applying the net heat flux on the exposed surface. The solution of proposed heat analysis is obtained at certain time steps of interest by α-method using the explicit Euler time-integration scheme. Spatial discretization is done by the finite element method using a 1D 2-noded truss element with the temperature nodal values as unknowns. The obtained results in terms of temperature field inside the element are compared with available numerical and experimental results. A high level of agreement can be observed, implying the proposed model capable of describing the temperature field during a fire. Accompanying thermal analysis, mechanical analysis is performed in two ways. Firstly, using the guidelines given in Eurocode 2 - Part 1-2 resulting in the fire resistance rating for the aforementioned concrete cover values. The second way is a fully numerical coupled analysis carried out in general-purpose finite element software DIANA FEA. Both approaches indicate structural fire behavior similar to those observed in large-scale fire tests.

• 한국정보통신학회논문지
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• 제21권2호
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• pp.245-251
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• 2017

제안된 가변 전력 분배기는 입력된 신호를 동일한 신호 전력으로 분배하는 2-way 윌킨슨 전력 분배기, 90도 위상변화가 가능한 두 개의 가변 위상 변환기, 두 개의 경로 신호를 결합하는 브랜치라인 커플러로 구성된다. 제안된 가변전력 분배기는 이론적으로 가변 위상 변환기의 90도 위상 변화에 의해 브랜치라인 커플러의 두 개 출력 단자에 ${\infty}:1$에서 ${\infty}:1$까지 전력 분배 비율로 출력할 수 있다. 제안된 가변 전력 분배기는 중심주파수 1.7 GHz에서 Taconic사의 TLX-9 20mil을 이용하여 제작해 동작 특성을 확인하였다. 제작된 회로는 1.7 GHz에서 두 개 출력 단자에 1:100에서부터 200:1까지 전력 분배 비율의 변화가 가능하였으며, 1.65-1.75 GHz 주파수 대역에서 다양한 전력 분배 비율에 대하여 입력 반사계수 약 -16 dB 이하, 삽입 손실 약 -1.0 dB, 두 출력 단자의 격리 특성 약 -17 dB 이하의 안정적인 특성을 보였다.

• 한국컴퓨터정보학회논문지
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• 제22권9호
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• pp.91-97
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• 2017

IoT (Internet of Things) systems are based on heterogeneous hardware systems of different types of devices interconnected each other, ranging from miniaturized and low-power wireless sensor node to cloud servers. These IoT systems composed of heterogeneous hardware utilize data sets collected from a particular set of sensors or control designated actuators when needed using open APIs created through abstraction of devices' resources associated to service applications. However, previously existing IoT services have been usually developed based on vertical platforms, whose sharing and exchange of data is limited within each industry domain, for example, healthcare. Such problem is called 'data silo', and considered one of crucial issues to be solved for the success of establishing IoT ecosystems. Also, IoT services may need to dynamically organize their services according to the change of status of connected devices due to their mobility and dynamic network connectivity. We propose a way of dynamically composing IoT services under the concept of WoT (Web of Things) where heterogeneous devices across different industries are fully integrated into the Web. Our approach allows developers to create IoT services or mash them up in an efficient way using Web objects registered into multiple standardized horizontal IoT platforms where their resources are discoverable and accessible. A Web-based service composition tool is developed to evaluate the practical feasibility of our approach under real-world service development.

• Smart Structures and Systems
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• 제15권5호
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• pp.1363-1372
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• 2015

Smart structures and intelligent systems play pivotal roles in numerous areas of applied sciences ranging from civil engineering to computer and communications systems engineering. Although such structures and systems have been intensively deployed in these areas, they have been, interestingly, very rarely deployed in the field of cultural heritage preservation.This paper presents one of thefirst such attempts. A new methodology is describedthat deploys smart structures andlinks them with artificial intelligence methods.These solutions are referred toas advanced hybrid engineering artefacts. By their use,important environmental factors can be monitoredin hard to access, remote or unsafe locationsby minimizing the need for human involvement. In addition toproviding safety the methodologyalso reduces costs and, most importantly,providesa new way to modelany particular micro-environment in a much more efficient way than this is possible with traditional ways. Last but not least, although themethodology has been developed for cultural heritage preservation, its application areas are much broader and it is expected that it will find its applicationin other domains like civil engineering and ecology.

• 대한인간공학회지
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• 제34권2호
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• pp.191-198
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• 2015

Objective: As a cue for desired mood, we attempted to identify types of sitting postures when people are involved in various tasks during their working hours. Background: Physical behaviors in reaction to user contexts were studied, such as automated posture analysis for detecting a subject's emotion. Sitting postures have high feasibility and can be detected robustly with a sensing chair, especially when it comes to an office. Method: First, we attached seven sensors, including six pressure sensors and one distance sensor, to an office chair. In Part 1, we recorded participants' postures while they took part in four different tasks. From the seven sensors, we gathered five sets of data related to the head, the lumbar, the hip, thigh pressure and the distance between the backrest and the body. We classified them into four postures: leaning forward, upright, upright with the lumbar supporting, and leaning backward. In part 2, we requested the subjects to take suitable poses for the each of the four task types. In this way, we compared the matches between postures and tasks in a natural setting to those in a controlled situation. Results: We derived four types of sitting postures that were mapped onto the different tasks. The comparison yielded no statistical significance between Parts 1 and 2. In addition, there was a significant association between the task types and the posture types. Conclusion: The users' sitting postures were related to different types of tasks. This study demonstrates how human emotion can interact with lighting, as mediated through physical behavior. Application: We developed a posture-based lighting system that manipulates the quality of office lighting and is operated by changes in one's posture. Facilitated by this system, color temperatures ranging between 3,000K and 7,000K and illuminations ranging between 300lx and 700lx were modulated.

• 아동학회지
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• 제29권6호
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• pp.177-191
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• 2008

Prior studies were limited in the comparison of false belief tasks with desire tasks due to lack of consideration of level of executive functions. To compensate for this, executive functions were included in new preference-related and game-related tasks of conflicting desire. These tasks were administered to 246 preschoolers ranging from 2.5 to 4 years of age. Statistical analysis was by one-way ANOVA and repeated measures ANOVA. Results showed significant main effects depending on age and task type. Younger children lacked ability of executive function, such as inhibition and working memory. Older preschoolers averaged better scores on task performance, showing that it is difficult for younger children to control their own desires and select the contradicted view.

• Journal of Information Technology Applications and Management
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• 제13권3호
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• pp.59-74
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• 2006

According to developing Wireless Communication, not only a location based service at the outside but also a location based service at the inside was more increased socially. This paper proposes the efficient algorithm to locate a transfer object in frequent change of indoor environment using indoor location tracking system we develop ourself. Proposing algorithm in this paper can locate a transfer object using the Fingerprint, one of the Location Tracking techniques which are used in general to minimize error data between Location Tracking System and Fingerprint, using this way that corrects location data as KF apply to result data can improve accuracy of a transfer object. At last we are going to compare and analyze existing typical triangulation with proposed Indoor location tracking system to demonstrate algorithm efficiency for proposed Indoor location tracking system.

• 한국기술혁신학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국기술혁신학회 2000년도 추계 학술대회(The 2000 Autumn Conference of korea Technology Inovation Society)(한국기술혁신학회)
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• pp.69-87
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• 2000

Models and Strategies for Network Operator's B2B Ecommerce The B2B ecommerce market is one of the fastest growing areas in the telecom industry. However network operators have been slow to enter the arena, Network operator have been held back by their general unsurety about the Internet business. Network operators'core business(the supply of connectivity and transport service) is becoming unprofitable. As a result they are looking to diversify into areas where margins are higher. B2B ecommerce offers them a major way to achieve this. It is possible to identify various business models for offering ecommerce services to end user, ranging from the provision of complete packaged applications to the implementation and management of customized ecommerce solution. In this study the three main approaches available to network operators are the traditional IT outsourcing model, the ASP model and the community builder model.

• 천문학회보
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• 제43권2호
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• pp.36.3-37
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• 2018

By utilizing large-scale graph analytic tools in the modern Big Data platform, Apache Spark, we investigate the topological structures of five different multiverses produced by cosmological n-body simulations with various cosmological initial conditions: (1) one standard universe, (2) two different dark energy states, and (3) two different dark matter densities. For the Big Data calculations, we use a custom build of stand-alone Spark cluster at KIAS and Dataproc Compute Engine in Google Cloud Platform with the sample sizes ranging from 7 millions to 200 millions. Among many graph statistics, we find that three simple graph measurements, denoted by (1) $n_\k$, (2) $\tau_\Delta$, and (3) $n_{S\ge5}$, can efficiently discern different topology in discrete point distributions. We denote this set of three graph diagnostics by kT5+. These kT5+ statistics provide a quick look of various orders of n-points correlation functions in a computationally cheap way: (1) $n = 2$ by $n_k$, (2) $n = 3$ by $\tau_\Delta$, and (3) $n \ge 5$ by $n_{S\ge5}$.