• Journal of Korean Academy of Nursing
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• v.40 no.5
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• pp.631-641
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• 2010

Purpose: This study was done to develop standards for dementia care as a baseline for professional nurses to provide a framework for dementia care evaluation Methods: The dementia care standards were developed through a literature review and focus group discussions. According to the Delphi method, the data analysis was conducted using the Content Validity Index (CVI). Results: The final set of 18 standards on dementia care was developed through one round of CVI. The standards included four structural standards: 'Organization of nursing system', 'Operating system', 'Management of human resources', 'Management of material resources', 13 procedural standards: 'Advanced assessment', 'Nursing diagnosis', 'Nursing plam', 'Advanced nursing implementation', 'Evaluation', 'Education', 'Research', 'Consultation', 'Counseling and cooperation', 'Development of specialty', 'Utilizing resources', 'Nursing quality assurance', 'Ethics', and one standard concerning outcome ('Evaluation of nursing tasks in care of patients with dementia'). The final set of 55 criteria on care of patients with dementia was confirmed through two rounds of CVI. The final 171 indicators were confirmed through four rounds of CVI. Conclusion: These dementia care standards provides a framework that allows registered nurses to clarify their roles and tasks in the care of patients with dementia and provides evaluation criteria.

• Journal of Korean Academy of Oral and Maxillofacial Radiology
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• v.25 no.1
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• pp.115-125
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• 1995

Forty-four cases of developmental salivary gland defects in 43 patients were analysed radiologically. The obtained results were as follows ; 1. It occurred more frequently in males(86 ％) than in females(14 ％). The age distribution of patients ranged from 20 to 74 years with the average being 52.7 years. 2. All but one were located between the angle of the mandible and the molar tooth. Only one patient showed bilateral occurrence. 3. The shape of the defect was ovoid(15 cases), round(10 cases), or half-ovoid(5 cases) 4. Their size ranged from 5 x 6 mm to 16 x 30 mm with the average around 9 x 14 mm. 5. Twenty-eight cases appeared to be surrounded partially(1/3 - 2/3) by a hyperostotic border. The thickness of the hyperostotic border varied ; thick(14 cases), moderate(l1 cases), thin(9 cases), or mixed(6 cases) 6. Thirteen cases were in contact with the superior border of the mandibular inferior cortex, 11 cases partially eroded the cortical plate, and 7 cases showed discontinuity of the mandibular inferior cortex. 7. Twenty-three cases were located below the mandibular canal, 13 cases overlapped the mandibular canal, and 2 cases showed slight deviation of the mandibular canal.

• KOREAN JOURNAL OF CROP SCIENCE
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• v.47
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• pp.124-134
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• 2002

The sweetpotato, Ipomoea batatas L. (Lam.), is one of the important summer upland crops in Korea and has been used as human food, industrial yaw material and vegetable. Sweetpotato has been consumed for human foods such as boiled, roasted, fried or salad etc. It should be developed for higher quality as a snack or health food, primarily through improving the eating and marketing qualities as well as nutritional value. Its quality after cooking or processing is a complex one combining the aroma, taste, texture and fiber content. The other important qualities for consumers are root shape, size, skin color, flesh color, insect and disease resistance, nutritional components and safety from phytoalexins(toxic stress metabolites) etc. Korean people generally prefer to red skin color, round or elliptic shape and dry texture, yellow flesh color of sweetpotato which is high in starch content including vitamins and nutrients. The almost factors of quality components of sweetpotato are genetically controlled by breeder, but postharvest handlings and marketing management for making high quality goods should be done thoroughly according to the quality evaluation criteria of sweetpotato from the moment of harvest until shipping them to the market by farmers and the other users. This paper describes current status and prospects of the quality evaluations and researches in sweetpotato roots in Korea.

• Journal of the Korean Home Economics Association
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• v.43 no.3 s.205
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• pp.131-145
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• 2005

The purpose of the study was to determine ae forms, patterns and structures of Huipils as traditional clothes in Guatemala and Mexico, and to cite possibilities of applying the findings of the study, acquired by comparing the differences of the two countries' Huipils, to textile or costume design. There are two types of Huipils. One is for everyday wear and another one is for special occasion. The latter is bigger in size, more colorful and is worn on top of the daily use Huipil. Huipils consist of 1 to 3 panels, and are usually made by weaving rectangular cloth which has 4 selvedges. There are various neckline such as - type, T type, 1 type, round type and square type. The types of the neckline depends on how many panels are used. The Mexican Huipils are worn usually over skirts, whereas the Huipils of Guatemalans are practically designed with white cotton that doesn't have any patterns so as to be easily put into skirts. Different from Mexicans' Huipils which mainly show big botanical patterns, the patterns of Guatemalans' Huipils combine animals, plants and abstract concepts display mixed aspects, and it seems to me that that expressed their emotions and dearest wishes.

• Ocean and Polar Research
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• v.29 no.4
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• pp.297-302
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• 2007

Atmospheric levels of polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs) at the King Sejong station were monitored for one year using passive air samplers. Low-chlorinated PCB homologues were predominant in all samples. PCB levels were observed to decrease with distance from the station, which may indicate that a significant part of PCBs could be of local origin. Although the level of PCBs at the King Sejong station is very low (${\Sigma}_9PCB$ (18, 52, 101, 118, 128, 138, 153, 180, 187): $2.3\;pg\;m^{-3}$) probably due to decrease in the global PCB emissions, it is one order of magnitude higher than a background level in the Antarctic. Based on this preliminary study, more interpretation on PCB data and meteorological conditions is required.

• Journal of Institute of Control, Robotics and Systems
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• v.14 no.6
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• pp.530-534
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• 2008

The LGP with nanometer structures resulted in enhancement of optical efficiency. Its fundamental mechanism is to recycle the polarized light via one round-trip through QWP(Quarter-wave Plate) but the maximum efficiency to reach with this method is limited up to 2. To get the larger efficiency than this a LGP with 1D PC(one-dimensional photonic crystal) nanometer-patterned on its top and bottom surfaces is suggested. For its optimum design the computer simulation is performed and suggests a grating that the spatial frequency between adjacent patterns is 500nm, its height 250nm, duty cycle 50%, and its cross section is rectangular. The angles of transmitted light are nearly the same as the results expected from the generalized Snell's law. Thus the Mathematica code, developed in this experiment, will be applied to designing the optimized LGP. The LGP with nanometer-patterened 1D PC LGP on its both surfaces shows the enhancement of transmitted intensity distribution up to 5.7 times.

• East Asian Economic Review
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• v.22 no.2
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• pp.177-215
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• 2018

Trump's withdrawal from the Trans-Pacific Partnership (TPP) and his "America First" trade agenda ignite a second round of interest in mega-free trade agreements in the Asia-Pacific. Countries are evaluating alternative trade policy actions in a post-TPP era. Using national real GDP gains estimated by a modified GTAP model to construct "preference ordering" for 10 Association of Southeast Asian Nations members and their six regional dialogue partners, this paper comes up with several policy-oriented findings. First, when multilateral agreements are not possible, countries are better off with a regional trading agreement than without one. Second, the Regional Comprehensive Economic Partnership is likely to have higher beneficial impacts than the Comprehensive and Progressive Agreement for Trans-Pacific Partnership. Third, for dual-track countries, implementing both agreements is better than each separately. Fourth, impacts of open regionalism are likely to be higher than those of a closed and reciprocal one. Going forward, this paper argues that countries should adopt a "multi-track, multi-stage" approach to trade policy.

• The Korean Journal of Cytopathology
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• v.4 no.1
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• pp.52-56
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• 1993

Proliferative fasciitis is a benign pseudosarcomatous mesenchymal lesion occurring in the subcutis. The lesion occurs clinically as a tumorous mass that develops within a rather short time in elderly patients. We recently experiecened a case of fine needle aspiration cytology of proliferative fasciitis in the left anterior chest wall of a 72 year-old male patient. The smear revealed two types of cells. One was the large and mostly oval cell with one or two nuclei lying at the periphery of the cell body and abundant basophilic cytoplasm like the ganglion cell. The nuclei were round to oval, had vesicular chromatin and contained prominent nucleoli. The other was the spindle shaped fibroblast with an oval nucleus. The differential diagnosis includes a true tumor such as ganglioneuroma, rhabdomyosarcoma, and liposarcoma and therefore fine needle aspiration cytology is very much indicated in order to exclude these possibilities.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Fisheries and Ocean Technology
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• v.50 no.3
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• pp.262-273
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• 2014

To investigate the catching efficiency of a biodegradable round trap for a swimming crab (Portunus trituberculatus), four types of material (two types of biodegradable net, one type of biodegradable plus polyethylene net and one type of polyethylene net) for traps were used in the field test, and the field tests were carried out 11 times in the Boryeong fishing ground of Korea, 2012~2013. The catching efficiency of four type traps was analyzed by catch per trap, weight per trap and mean weight per individual of small and large size swimming crab. Statistical Kruskal-Wallis test was carried out to verify the significant difference for the efficiency between types of material. The catch in number of swimming crab was 9,015 and formed about 94.3% of total catch. In the results of catching efficiency of traps, there was a little difference in catch per trap, weight per trap and mean weight per individual of swimming crab in-situ data. But there was no significant difference in catching efficiency between the biodegradable traps and the PE trap (P>0.05), so it's needed to use widely a biodegradable trap for the conservation and sustainable management of swimming crab resources.

• The Korean Journal of Malacology
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• v.9 no.1
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• pp.46-62
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• 1993

Six species of freshx\water Unionidae mussels in Korea, Anodonta arcaeformis flavotincta, A. woodiana, Unio douglasiae, U. douglasiae sinuloatus, Lamprotula gottschei, Lanceolaria acorohyncha were compared in regard to the various taxonomical characteristics of ultra structures of shells and glochidia. The results obtained in this study are summarized as follows;the orter demibranchs of all the females of six species have served as marsupial(gravid)pouch. However, all the foru demibranchs were used as the marsupium in some female individuals of L. gottschei. The glochidia of A. arcaeformis flavotincta, A. woodiana and L. gottschei were separated one by one with the mucous strings and U. douglasiae sinuolatus were round-subtriangular in shape, and those of L. gottschei were subelliptical in shape. Each of the glochidial shell valves of six species had a hook studded with many spines on the superior face on valve. The glochidial shell valve had two or three rows of large spines; A. arcaeformis flavotincta, A. woodiana, and L. gottschei had two rows and three rows in U. douglasiae, U. douglasiae sinuolatus, and L. acrorhyncha. The numbers of sensory hairs of A. arcaeformis flavotincta and A. woodiana were all eight, those of U. douglasiae, U. douglasiae sinuolatus and L. acrorhyncha were six. and that of L. gottschei was four. The external and internal surfaces of the glochidial shell valves of A. A. arcadformis flavotincta, A. woodiana, and L. gottschei had foveolate and psilate in U. douglaseae, U. douglasiae sinuolatus and L. acrorhyncha.