• International Journal of Highway Engineering
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• v.13 no.1
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• pp.207-221
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• 2011

More than sixty percentage of highway in South Korea were constructed by concrete pavements and more than half of the concrete pavements were twenty years or older. The most of highway have difficulty in providing detour due to the traffic and road condition of South Korea. So far, asphalt concrete has been used for the overlay of aged cement concrete pavement. However, the frequent early damage and maintenance of typical asphalt overlay due to repetitive maintenance causes inconvenience of road users and expensive costs. It is necessary to investigate the factors affecting the performance of asphalt concrete overlay to improve the performance of asphalt overlay. However, the performance data of asphalt concrete overlay in South Korea does not exist. In this research, to investigate on the factors affecting the life of asphalt concrete overlay was attempted based on statistical analysis of the performance data of asphalt concrete overlay included in LTPP (Long-Term Pavement Performance) Database of U.S.A.

• Nutrition Research and Practice
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• v.15 no.2
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• pp.266-277
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• 2021

BACKGROUND/OBJECTIVES: This study analyzed the quality of lunches provided in senior leisure service (SLS) facilities and compared institutional foodservice (IF) and non-institutional foodservice (non-IF). SUBJECTS/METHODS: Data of 390 adults aged 65 years or older who ate lunches in SLS facilities were analyzed using the information from the 2013-2017 Korea National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey. The participants were classified into IF (n = 129) and non-IF (n = 261) groups according to meal type provided. The intake of major food groups, energy and nutrients, and nutrient adequacy ratio (NAR) and mean adequacy ratio (MAR) were analyzed. The diversity of meals was evaluated by food group patterns, dietary diversity score (DDS) and dietary variety score (DVS). Energy intake was adjusted in model 1, while energy and sex were adjusted in model 2. All confounding variables were adjusted in model 3. RESULTS: The intake of seafoods (P < 0.001 in models 1, 2, and 3), seaweeds (P < 0.01 in models 1 and 2), and dairy products (P < 0.05 in models 1, 2, and 3) was significantly higher in the IF group. No significant difference existed in energy intake; however, the intake of all nutrients except carbohydrate and vitamin C was significantly higher in the IF group. NAR of all nutrients, excluding vitamin C, was higher in the IF group, and MAR was also higher in the IF group (P < 0.001 in models 1, 2, and 3). The IF group had significantly higher DDS and DVS than the non-IF group (P < 0.001). CONCLUSIONS: The lunches provided in SLS facilities were better in terms of quantity and quality when provided through IF than through non-IF. More systematic foodservice programs should be implemented in SLS facilities, especially in facilities wherein users prepare their own meals.

• Journal of Preventive Medicine and Public Health
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• v.32 no.4
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• pp.546-555
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• 1999

Objectives : To determine the prevalence, pattern. and out-of-pocket expenditure of complementary and alternative medicine (CAM) utilization in Korean adult population. Methods : We conducted a representative telephone survey of 2,042 persons aged 18 or older. Data about any health problem, details of their use of medical doctors(MDs) offices/hospitals/pharmacies services and CAM during the preceding 12 months were collected with structured questionnaire. Results : The utilization rate of CAM among Korean adults was 29% in one year. A total of 231 kinds of CAM was identified from this survey. Annual out-of-pocket expenditure associated with CAM use in 1998 amounted to ${\xi}{\S}1.88$ billion and was comparable to 40.8% of out-of-pocket expenditure paid for MDs offices/hospitals/pharmacies services. Among those(N=424) who paid for both MDs offices/hospitals/pharmacies services an d CAM, 35.8% paid more for CAM. CAM gave more satisfaction than western medicine to those who had experience of both types of therapy. About half of CAM users were willing to recommend CAM to others. Disclosure rate to physician among CAM users was not high(40.6%). Conclusion : CAM became a popular source of health care in Korea, Korean spent a substantial amount of out-of-pocket money on CAM without any public control. Because CAM use is likely to be increased rapidly through lay referral system, health policy makers and health professionals should pay more attention to CAM for making appropriate utilization of CAM.

• Nutrition Research and Practice
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• v.4 no.1
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• pp.69-74
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• 2010

There has been little data on the prevalence of supplement use and the characteristics of the dietary supplement users in the Republic of Korea. This study presents the prevalence and the details of any dietary supplement use and the characteristics of the adults who use dietary supplements in the Republic of Korea. Between May 18 and June 16, 2006, nationwide and population-weighted personal interviews with 6,201 adult aged from 30 to 69 years were conducted and the final sample consisted of 3,000 people with a 49.8% response rate. We examined the prevalence and details of the use of dietary supplements and the characteristics of those who use the dietary supplement among adults. About sixty two percent of adults had taken any dietary supplement during the previous 12-month period in 2006. The most commonly reported dietary supplement was ginseng, followed by multivitamins, glucosamine, probiotics, and vitamin C. Female (versus male), an older age group, a higher family income, those living in metropolitan cities, those with marital experience, those with a higher level of education, and those having medical problems had a greater likelihood of reporting the use of any dietary supplements. The particular relationships differed depending on the type of supplement. The most Korean adults took one more dietary supplement and the dietary supplement users had different demographic and health characteristics compared to those of the nonusers. Research on diet supplements by the medical community is needed in the future.

• Smart Media Journal
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• v.12 no.6
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• pp.15-26
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• 2023

As face-to-face communication has become difficult due to the COVID-19 pandemic, studies have been conducted to understand the impact of non-face-to-face communication, but there is a lack of research that examines this through messenger application reviews. This study aims to identify the impact of the pandemic through Latent Dirichlet Allocation (LDA) topic modeling by collecting review data of 메신저 applications in the Google Play Store and suggest service strategies accordingly. The study categorized the data based on when the pandemic started and the ratings given by users. The analysis showed that messenger is mainly used by middle-aged and older people, and that family communication increased after the pandemic. Users expressed frustration with the application's updates and found it difficult to adapt to the changes. This calls for a development approach that adjusts the frequency of updates and actively listens to user feedback. Also, providing an intuitive and simple user interface (UI) is expected to improve user satisfaction.

• Journal of Korean Clinical Health Science
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• v.5 no.2
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• pp.834-849
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• 2017

Purpose: The aim of this study is to examine the trends of cataract surgery and the recognition of cataract. Methods: ; It enrolled a total of 150 respondents, comprising 72 men and 78 women, who reside in Busan Metropolitan City, Ulsan Metropolitan City and Kyeong-nam Province. By the age groups, they include 44 people in their 20s, 24 in their 30s, 24 in their 40s, 26 in their 50s and 32 aged 60 years or older. In addition, the current study was conducted by dividing the respondents into two groups: people with cataract or not. Moreover, it was also conducted mainly for younger people. Results: 1. As for age of cataract operation, this study say that 1 patient was in their 20s, 3 patients in their 30s, 3 patients in their 40s, 6 patients in their 50s, and 7 patients in their over 60s. 2. In the question about whether they know about cataract, 100 respondents answered 'I know', 50 answered 'I do not know', 67% answered 'I know', 33% answered 'I do not know'. 3. As for pathways to know about cataract, of the total 120 respondents, 49 (41%) were in the media, 20 (17%) were Internet users, 26 (22%) were acquaintances, and 10 (7%) were specialty books, and 15 (13%) were 'others'. 4. As for cataract causes, 20 respondents (13%) answered 'exposure to sunlight', 12 (8%) answered 'electronic devices', 7 answered 'hereditary' 89 (60%) answered, and 22 (14%) answered 'eye disease'. 5. Twenty (13%) answered 'extremely yes', 40 (27%) answered 'yes', and 31 (21%) answered 'normal' when asked whether the use of smartphone was affected by cataracts. 48 (32%) answered 'little', and 11 (7%) answered 'not at all'. Our results showed that many people aged 50 years or older developed cataract and received surgery. It was also shown, however, that people in their 20s to 40s also developed cataract and received surgery. Conclusions: Our eyes are exposed to many places. Many people are unaware of cataracts, despite the fact that cataracts are gradually getting younger, due to the development of electronic devices and the use of electrical appliances. We should have interest in many information and contents about cataracts, knowing the importance to eyes, and gradually reducing the use of many electronic devices in young people.

• Journal of the Korea Academia-Industrial cooperation Society
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• v.17 no.3
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• pp.352-363
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• 2016

The study was an exploratory research on the awareness of informatization and attitudes to information technology (IT) and its use among elderly women in a metropolitan area. The questionnaire survey was conducted to collect data on IT use or non-use of elderly women aged 60 or older in senior welfare centers in Seoul, Korea. The data on 343 cases were analysed using SPSS 21.0. As a result, the rate of internet use was relatively high and different according to socio-demographic factors, such as age. The elderly women's attitudes like the levels of awareness and expectation of informatization were positive. Elderly women learned to use IT for psychological, emotional reasons as well as for practical ones, and the satisfaction level of IT use was relatively high. Finally, most IT non-users were indifferent and ignorant about IT use. In addition, the dissatisfaction level of IT non-use was normal, but elderly women had a relatively positive expectation of IT use in the future. This study may contribute to understanding the diverse pictures of IT use and the digital divide in old age, and assist in the development of practical programs and policies for the informatization and welfare for older adults.

• Journal of Korean Home Economics Education Association
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• v.34 no.3
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• pp.133-148
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• 2022

This study aims to explore the status and motives for using avatars and digital fashion items in the metaverse and to examine consumers' purchase satisfaction and future purchase intentions. We intend to provide implications for the development of avatars and fashion items, and the direction of the fashion industry and clothing education. For this purpose, the purchasing status, consumer motives for using avatars and digital fashion items, purchase satisfaction, and future purchase intentions were investigated, through a survey with 149 consumers aged 19 years or older, with the experience of using avatars. The results are as follows. First, the percentage of avatar ownership was high among women aged between 19 and 29, and those with low or high incomes. The younger group was more likely to make mobile phone purchases than the older group, and the older group was more likely to use credit cards. Even those respondents who owned avatars did not purchase frequently or spent a lot on items. On the other hand, in the case of fashion item purchases, the group spending more than 8,000 won was aged between 19 and 29, and the frequency and amount of purchases increased as income increase. Second, among the motives for using avatars and fashion items, the pursuit of pleasure had the greatest influence, and men paid more attention to self-expression through avatars than women. Third, the motive for vicarious satisfaction influenced purchase satisfaction, and the factors that influenced future purchase intention were vicarious satisfaction and stress relief. The results of this study suggests that avatars and fashion items should be developed considering factors that can relieve stress for all age groups, create a sense of unity among metaverse users, and provide satisfaction in a virtual world that is different from reality. In addition, education on how to use fashion items and consumption attitudes in education related to clothing life will be required.

• International Journal of Highway Engineering
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• v.13 no.2
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• pp.31-39
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• 2011

More than sixty percentage of highway in South Korea were constructed by concrete pavements and more than half of the concrete pavements were twenty years or older. Maintenance and rehabilitation of aged cement concrete pavements required early transportation opening due to difficulty of preparing bypass roads, given South Korea's transportation condition and so far, mostly asphalt concrete overlay has been used. However, asphalt concrete pavement maintenance and rehabilitation is costly because of early damage and at the same time, it causes inconvenience to the road users. Recently, as an effective method of rehabilitation for aged cement concrete pavement, bonded concrete overlay is being attempted. Therefore, utilizing various data on year-by-year basis is needed to rationally analyze of the damage on asphalt concrete overlay and bonded concrete overlay is necessary. However, in South Korea database of Serviceability damage on asphalt concrete overlay and bonded concrete overlay does not exist. In this research, performance is evaluated by the LTPP (Long Term Pavement Performance) Data of U.S.A, which accumulated various damage data of asphalt concrete overlay and bonded concrete overlay. However, the pattern distress of asphalt concrete overlay and bonded concrete overlay are different. Therefore, the pavement distress data of each section is collected into database and distress are calculated PCI(Pavement Condition Index) in order to compare life of asphalt concrete overlay and bonded concrete overlay.

• The Journal of the Korea Contents Association
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• v.20 no.11
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• pp.534-545
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• 2020

In the super-aged societies, an increased elderly population living in solitude has been causing many problems. Since the elderly may incur a sense of loss and interest in suicide when living alone, this study investigated the effects of smartphones as well as types of living arrangements on elderly peoples' sense of loss and suicidal thoughts. This study found social roles and relationships were lower for older individuals using smartphones than those using 2G phones. Not surprisingly, those living with family members or a partner had significantly fewer suicidal thoughts than those living in solitude. However, our results indicate subjects' loss of role and relationships was affected more significantly by their smartphone usage (2G phone vs. smartphone) rather than their living arrangements (i.e., living with family or a partner vs. living in solitude). Moreover, smartphone users showed a lower sense of loss in terms of social roles and relationships. Among the elderly, loss of health, social role, and relationships were identified as precedents for increased suicidal thoughts; yet, economic capacity was surprisingly not an indicator of suicidal thoughts.