• 한국식생활문화학회지
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• 제25권1호
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• pp.25-35
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• 2010

This article examines the types of tteok (Korean rice cake) recorded in 21 old literatures of the Joseon dynasty (1392-1909) according to its main ingredients. Tteok varieties of the Joseon dynasty were categorized into jjin-tteok, chin-tteok, jijin-tteok, salmeun-tteok and guun-tteok and their changes in cooking method were discussed from the early to late eras of the Joseon dynasty. These can be summarized as follows. In the early, middle and late eras of the Joseon dynasty, there were 1, 15 and 84 kinds of tteok using non-glutinous rice as the main ingredient, and 6, 24 and 120 kinds using glutinous rice, respectively. Tteok using wheat flour was not found in the early Joseon dynasty, whereas 6 and 32 kinds were found in the middle and late eras, respectively. There were 1, 4 and 5 kinds of tteoks using buckwheat, and 5, 11 and 19 kinds using other ingredients such as yam, barley, elephant's ear, oat, and arrowroot flour, in the early, middle and late eras, respectively. The frequency of the main ingredient increased in the order of glutinous rice>non-glutinous rice>wheat flour>other ingredient>buckwheat flour during the Joseon dynasty and the ratio of tteoks using non-glutinous and glutinous rice flours was 1:1.5. The number and types of tteok were noted to increase abruptly throughout the Joseon dynasty. This may be associated with the commercial industrial development that prevailed in the late Joseon dynasty. Further study will be conducted on their recipes and ingredients recorded in these old literatures to develop a standardized recipe for the globalization of tteok.

• 한국작물학회지
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• 제52권2호
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• pp.134-139
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• 2007

The research was conducted with the aim of determining effects of seedling age on the yield of four fine rice varieties viz., Kalizura, Tulshimala, BRRI (Bang-ladesh Rice Research Institute)-37 and BRRI-38. The seedling of different ages such as 15, 25, 35 and 45 days were transplanted on the same day maintaining $25cm{\times}15cm$ spacing. The experiment was laid out in a randomized complete block design with three replications. The yield and yield contributing characters were influenced by seedling age, variety and their interaction. BRRI-38 gave the highest number of effective tillers $hill^{-1}$, panicle length, total spikelets $panicle^{-1}$, grains $panicle^{-1}$, 1000-grains weight and grain yield. Likewise, yield and yield contributing characters were the highest in 35 days old seedling. On the other hand, the variety (BRRI-38) with the same age as of seedlings 35 days old seedlings was found superior to other interactions, but, in the production of grains $panicle^{-1}$ and 1000-grains weight there was no significant effect in this interaction. From the findings it may be inferred that BRRI-38 with 35 days old seedlings produced the highest grain yield.

• Journal of Biosystems Engineering
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• 제4권1호
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• pp.48-57
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• 1979

In order to obtain a standard reference for designing an adequate power rice transplanter, the cutting forces depending upon variety of seedling, sowing density, seedling age and soil moisture content of mat-type seedling were measured by the rice transplanter installed with force measuring device of dynamic strain gage system in the laboratory. The result of this study are summarized as follows : 1. Cutting velocity and acceleration transplanting hoe obtained from jinematic analysis of planting mechanism was 1.32m/sec and 81.5m/$sec^2$ when planting crank-shaft rpm was 160. 2. Little difference between cutting forces on 30-days old seelings of japonica and Indica type was observed, as the cutting forces determined were 2.0kg per hill for Japonica type and 2.1kg per hill for Indica type. 3. Cutting forces determined on 40-days old seedlings were 2.5kg, 2.3kg, 3.1kg and 2.9kg per hill for Milyang No.15, Tongil, Akibare and Milyang No.23 compared to the other varieties. 4. The cutting force was not greatly affected by the sowing densities , only five percent of differences were observed epending upon the sowing densities. 5. Cutting forces were 2.7kg and 2.0kg per hill on 40-days old seedlings and 30-days old seedlings respectively. About 38 percent of more forces was required in cutting 40-days old seedling than in cutting 30-days old seedlings. 6. More cutting forces were required as soil moisture content of mat-type seedling was decreased. 7. Root length after cutting by the planting hoe and their relationships with soil moisture content on 30-days old seedlings, are as follows ; $y=4.147-11.384x+ 28.854x^2$ where , $y$=root length after cutting. (cm) , $x$=soil ture content of mat type seedlings.(%, d.b.) 8. Cutting forces were varied with the width of cuttings ; those on 40-days old mat type seedlings were 2.7kg and 2.2kg per hill when cutting with 14 mm and 10mm of width respectively, about 32 percent of more forces was required when cuting with 14mm of width compared to 10mm of width.

• 한국잡초학회지
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• 제13권2호
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• pp.114-121
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• 1993

벼의 재배유형(栽培類型)(관행(慣行) 손이앙(移秧), 중묘(中苗)(30일묘(日苗))의 기계이앙(機械移秧), 어린모(10일묘(日苗))의 기계이앙(機械移秧), 최아종자(催芽種子)의 담수직파(湛水直播) 및 건종자(乾種子)의 건답직파(乾畓直播)에 있어서 벼와 잡초(雜草)의 경합기간(競合其間)에 따라 잡초(雜草)의 발생량(發生量) 및 벼의 생육량(生育量)을 보면 다음과 같다. 가, 잡초(雜草)의 발생량(發生量) : 이앙(移秧) 또는 파종후(播種後) 잡초방임시(雜草放任時) 벼 출수기(出穗期)까지 발생(發生)된 잡초(雜草)의 건물중비율(乾物重比率)은 건답직파(乾畓直播)에서 가장 높았고, 이어서 담수직파(湛水直播)>어린모기계이앙(機械移秧)>중묘기계이앙(中苗機械移秧)>관행이앙재배(慣行移秧栽培) 순(順)으로 높았다. 반면에 일정기간(一定期間) 방임(放任)하였다가 제초(除草)한 처리(處理)에서는 잡초(雜草)의 건물중비율(乾物重比率)이 담수직파(湛水直播)>건답직파(乾畓直播)>어린모기계이앙(機械移秧)>중묘기계이앙(中苗機械移秧)>관행이앙(慣行移秧)의 순(順)으로 높았다. 나, 벼의 생육량(生育量) : 잡초경합(雜草競合)에 의한 벼 생육억제(生育抑制)의 허용한계(許容限界)를 20%로 보았을때, 최소한(最小限)의 무잡초상태(無雜草狀態) 유지기간(維持期間)은 관행이앙(慣行移秧)과 중묘(中苗) 및 어린모기계이앙(機械移秧)에서는 이앙후(移秧後) 3주간(週間), 담수직파(湛水直播)는 파종후(播種後) 5주이상(週以上), 그리고 건답직파(乾畓直播)에서는 파종후(播種後) 7-8주(週)까지이었다. 반면 잡초발생(雜草發生) 허용기간(許容期間)은 담수직파(湛水直播)가 파종후(播種後) 6주이내(週以內), 건답직파(乾畓直播)와 어린모 기계이앙(機械移秧)은 7-8주(週), 중묘기계이앙(中苗機械移秧과 관행이앙(慣行移秧)은 이앙후(移秧後) 9주(週)로 차이(差異)를 보였다.

• 한국작물학회지
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• 제53권spc호
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• pp.19-23
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• 2008

이상기상으로 인해 모내기 지연형 한발이 발생할 경우나 시설 하우스재배 후작으로 벼를 이앙할 경우를 대비하여 이미 생산해 놓은 묘령이 많은 노숙묘 기계 이앙시 가능 한계 묘령과 그에 따른 미질 변화를 구명코자 시험을 실시하여 다음과 같은 결과를 얻었다. 1. 이앙후 본답 적응력을 보기 위한 굴기력은 품종에 관계없이 묘령이 어릴수록 굴기력이 커 본답 적응력이 높은 것으로 나타났다. 2. 수량은 10일묘에서 현저히 감소하였고, 30일묘 이후는 큰 차이가 없었으나 조생종인 상미벼는 본년과 전년도의 성적이 상이되는 결과를 보여 기상의 영향에 따라 생육이 달랐다. 3. 묘령이 어릴수록 청미 및 피해립의 비율이 높아져 완전미 비율은 떨어졌고, 45, 60일묘에서 완전미 비율이 높아지는 경향이었다. 4. 쌀의 이화학적 특성 및 식미치는 청미와 피해립 등 미숙립이 다발되었던 10일묘에서 단백질 함량이 증가되었으며 식미치도 낮아졌다.

• Pediatric Gastroenterology, Hepatology & Nutrition
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• 제9권1호
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• pp.80-84
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• 2006

쌀은 비교적 낮은 항원성을 보이는 것으로 알려져 있으나 영유아기 식품 알레르기 질환의 원인이 될 수 있으며, 다른 식품에는 과민 반응없이 쌀 단독으로 알레르기를 보이는 경우도 있고, 항원성이 매우 낮은 것으로 알려진 쌀미음에도 반응이 나타났으며, 나이가 들면서 저절로 호전을 보이는 영유아기의 일시적 경과를 보인다. 쌀 단독 알레르기 1예를 문헌 고찰과 함께 보고하는 바이다.

• Journal of Plant Biology
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• 제38권4호
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• pp.365-371
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• 1995

Binary vectors, pBI-ActR1, pBI-ActF1 and pBSH-ActR1, were constructed using pGA642, the replication origin of pTi12 and the rice actin promoter. The sizes of pBI-ActR1, pBI-ActF1 and pBSH-ActR1 were 12.9 kb, 13.2 kb and 11.95 kb, respectively. These vectors containing a rice actin promoter followed by a GUS structural gene could induce stronly the expression of GUS gene in transformed rice cells. Rice explants from 3-4 day old seedlings after germinatin were cocultured with A. tumefaceins harboring pBI-ActR1, pBI-ActF1 or pBSH-ActR1, and then GUS expression in the explants was assayed. Transformation of rice explants by these binary vectors was tissue-specific, such that the meristematic regions of shoot apex, root and hypocotyl were transformed by these binary vectors.

• 한국유기농업학회지
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• 제14권3호
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• pp.251-266
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• 2006

This study was surveyed and analyzed in 2005 year for environmentally-friendly rice's production 78 farmers in korea. The major results was as follows: The average age of farmers were 54 years old, the experiences of environmentally-friendly rice's production farms was 7.4 years, the cultivated scales of environmentally-friendly rice's production was 3.4ha. The 74%'s Farmers of all unified rice's breeds for rice's production of high-grade in quality, the ranking of rice's breeds selection were the high-grade rice's breeds of government>japan rice's breeds. The control of damage by blight and insects were needed environmentally-friendly control, the endured study of this control were very important. To cut down cost of the environmentally-friendly rice for income security of farmers and sustenance of farming will. To receive reasonable price of environmentally-friendly rice, the brand image were raised to consumers, the variety and miniaturization of rice packaging unit were needed in view of consumers. In addition to must be campaigns of publicity through the press and event to consumers, were managed the exchange of rice goods and exchanged e-mail together consumers for the maintenance of confidence. To drive direct marketing between environmentally-friendly rice farmers and consumers through experiential marketing, to diversify the marketing channel. To strengthen public relations at regional level and relationship at the consumers.

• 한국작물학회지
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• 제30권2호
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• pp.190-194
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• 1985

네팔에서 보급단계로 진전된 수도 3계통 IET 7251, BG 400-1 및 B 44 b-50-2-2-5-1 을 6월 5일 파종하여 10일, 20일, 30일, 40일, 50일 및 60일 묘를 이앙하고 그들의 출수일수와 절간신장을 조사하여 다음과 같은 결과를 얻었다. 1. 간장은 30일묘 이앙구에서 가장 길었고 그보다 묘대일수가 길어짐에 따라 현저하게 간장이 단축되었다. 2. 육면으로 감별이 가능한 절수도 30일묘 이앙구에서 가장 많았는데 40일묘까지는 큰 차가 없었으나 그보다 묘대기간이 길어지면 유의하게 절수가 감소 되었다. 3. 간장은 40일묘 이앙구에서 가장 길었다. 4. 출수 및 성숙까지의 일수는 이앙이 늦어질수록 증가되었다.

• 한국식생활문화학회지
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• 제33권1호
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• pp.62-69
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• 2018

The purpose of this study was to investigate the antioxidative and physical properties of finger food type rice snacks and pumpkin rice snacks for infants aged 6 to 12 months old. The addition of rice germ did not affect density or porosity, and there was no significant difference when compared with commercial products. The addition of rice germ to the rice snack group did not reduce the longitudinal expansion quality of the rice snack. The WAI of RW and SW values were 9.83 and 8.93, respectively, which were significantly higher than those of other samples (p<0.05). The results of this study show that the addition of rice germ to rice snack resulted in reduced density and porosity of rice snacks and maintenance of a high water absorption index, which are more desirable characteristics for products. The products with rice germ showed significantly higher antioxidative activities among all samples (p<0.05).