• 한국생활과학회지
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• 제5권2호
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• pp.109-121
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• 1996

The purpose of this study are (1) to examine the reality of contacting with fashion catalogues, (2) to examine the consumer's attitude towards fashion catalogues, (3) to examine the correlation between consumer's attitude towards fathion catalogue by sex and age. It was found that, concerning frequency of contacting with fashion catalogues, women contact with them more frequently than men, and lower ages than higher ages. Also, it was shown that, both man and woman with merchandise catalogues, lower ages with merchant catalogues, and higher ages with mail order catalogues. With regard to methods of contacting with catalogue, it was found that men come to contact mainly through mail, women through the displayed goods in the sales shops, lower ages through the displayed goods in the sales shops and higher ages through mail. Concerning the consumer's attitude towards fashion catalogues, meaningful difference was shown in interesting level, attention level, information offering level and information utilizing level by sex. By age, meaningful difference was shown in interesting level, attention level, information offering level, information reliability level, information utilizing level and purchasing satisfying level. Regarding correlation between consumer's attitude towards fashion catalogues by sex, meaningful correlation was shown between all consumer's attitude. By age, meaningful correlation was not found, between 36 to 45 years old, between information reliability level and interesting level, and attention level, and information offering level, and information utilizing level but meaningful correlation was shown between consumer's other attitude.

• 산업식품공학
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• 제21권3호
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• pp.208-214
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• 2017

산양삼의 연근별 특징을 분석한 결과 3년근에서는 ginsenoside 등의 성분이 활발하게 생성되고, 연령이 늘어갈 수록 부피 성장이 중점적으로 일어나는 것으로 나타났다. 또한 산성다당체 함량, 총 페놀 함량, 총 플라보노이드 함량 및 항산화능 모두 3년근 산양삼이 다른 연근보다 유의적(p<0.05)으로 높은 결과 값을 나타내었다. 결과적으로 3년근의 경우 단위 중량당 더 많은 양의 성분들을 가지고 있으므로 파종 후 장기간 재배보다는 단시간에 수확하는 것이 재배를 하는 임업인이나 제품을 개발하는 기업인 모두에게 유리 할 것으로 판단된다. 따라서 ginsenoside의 함량 및 다른 생리활성 성분들의 양으로 연근별 산양삼의 특징을 비교 할 경우 비록 부피는 작지만 가격이 싸고 개체수가 많은 3년근을 이용하여 제품을 개발하는 것이 산업적으로 이득이 될 수 있을 것으로 판단된다. 본 연구의 결과는 평창산 산양삼에 한정된 항산화 결과로서 국내 다른 지역에서 자생하는 연근별 산양삼에 대한 세부적인 기능성 연구가 추가적으로 필요한다.

• 대한치과교정학회지
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• 제22권3호
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• pp.657-673
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• 1992

Orthodontic treatment of cleft patients is difficult as the growth is different from that of normal ones. So it is very important to know the characteristic features of the craniofacial morphology and growth pattern in unilateral cleft lip and palate patients. The materials for this study consisted of 55 normal males and 50 unilateral cleft lip and palate ones who received cheiloplasty and palatoplasty previously. The cleft subjects were divided into 4 groups according to their ages kto find out the growth pattern of hard and soft tissue, and to compare the features with those of normal ones. Each cephalogram analysed by McNamara method and others. The obtained results were as follows 1. In the unilateral cleft lip and palate subjects, forward growth of the maxilla was smaller than that of normal ones from 9 years old. So the maxilla was retruded. The maxillary incisors were severely retruded in all age groups. 2. The mandibular overall length and its anteroposterior position did not show any significant differences between two groups. But the height of ramus was very short and the mandible had vertical growth tendency to compensate for undergrowth of the maxilla in cleft subjects after 12 years of age. 3. Horizontal growth of the soft tissue in middle face was smaller than that of any other facial region from 9 years old. The vertical growth rate of upper lip was decreased as growing old. 4. In cleft subjects, the upper and lower facial component angle and the facial convexity angle were large. So their facial profile changed to straight or concave as growing old.

• Asian-Australasian Journal of Animal Sciences
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• 제19권4호
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• pp.605-610
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• 2006

The objective of the present experiment was to determine the effects of slaughtering at different ages and the use of a commercial probiotic (115-Biogallinox) in broiler diets on the color properties of carcasses, during the first 24 h following slaughter. Ross 308 male broiler chickens obtained from a commercial hatchery were raised to either 35 or 42 days of age. Chickens were fed with different levels of probiotic ($P_0$: 0.0%, $P_1$: 0.1% and $P_2$: 0.2%) containing Saccharomyces cerevisiae during the experimental period. At the end of the trial all birds were slaughtered and then stored at $3^{\circ}C$ for 24 h. The pH and skin colour of carcasses were determined 1, 3, 7, 10, 13, 17 and 24 h after slaughter. Although the use of probiotic and post-mortem ageing time affected the pH (p<0.01), it was not affected by slaughter age (35 and 42 days) (p>0.05). The highest pH values occurred in carcasses of broilers fed 0.2% probiotic. The pH values of carcasses decreased with post-mortem ageing time (p<0.01). Main factors (treatment, slaughter age and post-mortem ageing time) had an effect on colour ($L^*$, $a^*$ and $b^*$) values (p<0.01). $L^*$ values of 42d-old slaughter and $P_2$ group were lower than those of 35d-old slaughter and other probiotic groups. The $a^*$ and $b^*$ values of 35d-old slaughter were lower than those of 42d-old slauhgter. The $a^*$ and $b^*$ values increased during post-mortem ageing (p<0.01). It was determined that changing of the colour traits of broiler carcasses was correlated with probiotic, pH and post-mortem ageing time. Also, it was observed that darkness of carcass colour increased as time progressed.

• 한국약용작물학회지
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• 제6권2호
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• pp.121-125
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• 1998

백하수오(白河首烏) 재배시(栽培時) 적합(適合)한 종묘(種苗)를 구명(究明)하고자 충북 지방재래종을 공시하여 10a당 퇴비(堆肥) 1.000kg, N - $P_2O_5\;-\;K_2O$=8 - 4 - 4kg을 시용(施用)하였고 종자직파, 1년생 종근(種根) 및 3년생 종근(種根) 등 ,3처리(處理)를 휴폭(畦幅) 50cm, 주간(株間) 10cm로 하여 시험을 수행(遂行)한 결과를 요약하면 다음과 같다. 1. 출아기(出芽期)는 3년생 종근(種根) 5월 14일에 비하여 종자직파는 3일 빨랐고, 1년생 종근(種根)은 같았으며, 만장(蔓長)은 3년생 종근(種根) 279cm에 비하여 종자직파는 16cm 1년생 종근(種根)은 26cm가 각각 길었다. 2. 뿌리굵기는 3년생 종근(種根) 1.0cm에 비하여 종자직파는 0.4cm, 1년생 종근(種根)은 0.5cm가 각각 굵었으며, 근장(根長)은 3년생(年生) 종근(種根) 32.2cm에 비(比)하여 종자직파(種子直播)는 7.2cm가 짧았고 1년생(年生) 종근(種根)은 0.6cm가 길었다. 3. 10a당 총(總) 수량(收量)은 3년생 종근(種根) 1,403kg에 비하여 종자직파는 29%, 1년생 종근(種根)은 55% 증수(增收)하였고, 상품 수량은 3년생 종(種)근 507kg에 비하여 종자직파는 14%, 1년생 종근은 17%가 각각 증수되어 백하수오(白何首烏) 재배시(栽培時) 적합(適合)한 종묘(種苗)는 직파 또는 1년간 육묘(育苗)하여 정식(定植)하는 것이 유리하였다.

• 대한관절경학회지
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• 제12권3호
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• pp.180-184
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• 2008

목적: 회전근 개 완전 파열로 관절경적 시술을 받은 환자를 대상으로 나이와 성별에 따른 견관절 동반 병소의 차이를 알아보고자 하였다. 대상 및 방법: 2003년 6월부터 2006년 3월까지 본원 정형외과에서 회전근 개 완전파열로 수술하였던 109명, 109례의 환자들을 대상으로 견관절 동반 병소의 차이를 분석하였다. 성별 분포는 남자 59명, 여자 50명이었고 나이는 최소 24세에서 최고 75세로 평균 53.3세였다. 연령대에 따른 분류는 59세 이하의 환자 군과 60세 이상의 환자 군으로 임의로 분류하였고 분석 대상은 견봉 쇄골 관절염, 상부 관절와 순 병변, 상완 이두근 염의 동반 유무를 Khai-square를 이용하여 통계학적으로 분석하였다. 결과: 전반적으로 견봉 쇄골 관절염은 60세 이상의 환자 군에서 59세 이하 군에 비해 높은 동반율을 보였고 상부 관절와 순 병변은 59세 이하의 환자 군, 특히 남자 환자에서 60세 이상의 환자 군에 비해 높은 동반 비율을 보였다. 결론: 회전근 개 파열의 진단 및 치료를 함에 있어 연령대에 따른 견관절 동반 병소를 고려하여야 하며, 특히 젊은 남자환자에서는 상부 관절와 순 병변, 고령의 환자에서 견봉 쇄골 관절염의 동반 유무를 반드시 확인하여야겠다.

• 한국약용작물학회지
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• 제26권5호
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• pp.408-416
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• 2018

Background: The ginsenosides Rb1 (G-Rb1) and Rg1 (G-Rg1) are used as marker compounds, and are the principal bioactive compounds assessed in the quality control of white ginseng. This study was conducted to analyze white ginseng samples of different and to obtain useful data for the quality control of white ginseng. Methods and Results: The variation in the content of G-Rb1 and G-Rg1 was evaluated among 35 samples of 4-, 5-, and 6-year-old white ginseng. The content of both G-Rb1 and G-Rg1 did not significantly differ among ages, and the relative ratio of the maximum to the minimum content of these within ginseng of the same ages was more than two. However, the ratio of G-Rb1 to G-Rg1 content in the 5- and 6-year-old ginseng was significantly higher than that in the 4-year-old one. According to the 'Ginseng industrial act', the standard (w/w, %) minimum $G-Rg_1$ and $G-Rb_1$ content is 0.10% and 0.20% or more, respectively. Among the 35 samples examined, the content of $G-Rg_1$ was found to be 0.124 - 0.399% with none being less than the standard level, while that of $G-Rb_1$, was 0.147 - 0.595%, with 4 samples (11.4%) failing to meet the standard levels. The content of $G-Rg_1$ and $G-Rb_1$ did not show a constant relationship with the size of ginseng. Conclusions: In our study, the content of both G-Rg1 and G-Rb1 varied widely, and there was no significant difference among cultivation ages. The results of the present study might provide useful information for the quality control of raw ginseng and processed white ginseng using marker compound.

• 한국동물위생학회지
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• 제21권2호
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• pp.133-139
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• 1998

Serum samples collected from 30 breeders and their progeny 30 chicks. The antibodies against infectious bronchitis(IB), infectious bursal disease (IBD) and Newcastle disease(ND) viruses were detected by ELISA using commercial ELISA kit. The breeders were vaccinated against IB, IBD and ND viruses according to general vaccination program. Geometric mean titers(GMT) of ELISA were monitored from 1-day old to 17-day old chicks and compared with breeder chickens. The GMT of ELISA to IB, IBD and ND were declined half level of the breeder antibody titer at 6-, 8- and 7-day old. And, the GMT of ELISA to IB, IBD and ND were declined than that of protective titer at 6-, 1-, and 4-day old. Thereafter, the GMT of ELISA was declined and disappeared according to ages of chicks. Taken together, this study led to conclusion that time-course of maternal antibody titers of chicks from vaccinated breeders, and this is very important data for vaccination to chicks.

• 복식
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• 제54권7호
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• pp.1-14
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• 2004

The purpose of this study is to provide specific size data for developing a standard dress form for Korean Females between the ages of 18 and 29. Differences in sizes between dress forms used in 18-24 year-old target brands and 25-29 year-old target brands and the human body were ascertained through direct anthropometric measurements. In the 18-24 year-old target brands. 83.0-83.8cm is suitable for the bust circumference of the dress form, while in the 25-29 year-old target brands, 85.0-86.0cm is suitable. The waist circumferences of most dress forms are similar except for the Japanese C form, and there is no difference between the two groups. For hip circumference in the 18-24 year-old target brands, about 90.0cm is suitable while the 25-29 year-old target brands use additional dress forms of 91.0-92.0cm. The center front length, neck tc waist length, and front interscye breadth is 1cm shorter and the back interscye breadth is 1cm longer than indicated by the 1997 National Anthropometric Survey data.

• 천문학회보
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• 제36권1호
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• pp.63.1-63.1
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• 2011

M82 is a famous starburst galaxy which is dominated by young stellar populations and ISM. Some previous studies indicated the existence of intermediate-age and old stellar population in this galaxy, but little is known about them. We present a study of old globular clusters in M82 using the Hubble Space Telescope archive data. From the cluster survey of M82 we found 650 star clusters. We divided them into disk and halo star clusters according to their position. The color-color diagrams show that all 19 halo star clusters are old globular clusters. The disk sample may include both reddened young clusters and geniune old globular clusters. We estimated their ages using spectral energy distribution fit method with six filter data covering from ultraviolet (F330W) to infrared (F160W), and found that 30 of them are older than 3 Gyr. These are considered to be disk globular clusters. Twelve of the halo globular clusters are found to be partially resolved into their member stars. The (B-V) color range of the halo globular clusters is consistent with that of the Milky Way globular clusters, but most of M82 globular clusters are bluer than (B-V)=0.7. The existence of these old globular clusters suggests that the starburst galaxy M82 has an old stellar halo that may be as old as the Milky Way halo.