• Journal of Applied Biological Chemistry
• /
• 제61권1호
• /
• pp.47-50
• /
• 2018

최근 문제 해충인 갈색날개매미충에 대하여 수증기 증류, 용매 및 초임계 추출법에 의하여 추출된 길초근 정유성분을 가지고 생물활성을 검정하여 방제 가능성을 확인하였다. 길초근의 수증기 증류, 용매 및 초임계 추출 정유성분의 살충활성 결과, 수증기 증류 추출물은 갈색날개매미충 성충에 대해 $1,040{\mu}L/mL$ 로 가장 뛰어한 활성을 나타냈고, 약충에 대하여 $2,370{\mu}L/mL$ 의 살충 활성을 나타내었다. 추출방법별 수율은 0.67%로 다른 방법에 비하여 다소 낮았지만 추출 시간과 비용대비 효과를 감안하였을 때 길초근의 수증기 증류 추출물이 가장 방제 효율이 높다고 여겨진다. 이번의 연구결과는 길초근의 정유성분의 갈색 날개매미충에 대한 방제 가능성을 보여준다.

• 한국작물학회지
• /
• 제19권
• /
• pp.78-82
• /
• 1975

1. 재배시기이동에 따른 유채종자유에 따른 지방산조성은 지방산의 종류에 따라 함량이 높은 Erucic acid가 가장 큰 차이를 나타냈으며 함량이 적은 지방산의 변동은 적었다. 2. 추파재배한 유채종자가 춘파재배한 것보다 Erucic acid함량이 높은데 대해서 Oleic acid와 Linoleic acid함량은 반대로 낮었다. 이들 차이는 1%수준에서 유의차가 있었다. 3. 추파재배된 유채종자가 Erucic acid함량이 높았으며 이는 등숙기간의 적산온도가 낮고 강수량이 많은데 있다. 이들 기상조건과 Erucic acid간에는 높은 상관관계가 있었다. 4. 단쇄지방산인 Oleic acid와 Linoleic aci의 증감경향은 항상 정상관관계가 있으며 장쇄지방산인 Erucic acid와는 부의 상관관계에 있었다.

• 한국약용작물학회지
• /
• 제12권2호
• /
• pp.97-101
• /
• 2004

Volatile oil components were analysed in Perilla frutescens accessions collected from different regions in South Korea and identified chemotypes based on the major volatile oil components. Major components out of 30 compounds identified were limonene, perillaldehyde, perillaketone, isoegomaketone, beta-caryophyllene, beta-farnesene, myristicin, and dillapiole. P. frotescens collections were classified into four chemotypes : PA type (57.7% limonene and 19.8% perillaldehyde), PK type (89.8% perillaketone), ST type (82.4% sesquiterpene, as 54.5% beta-caryophyllene and 27.9% beta-farnesene) and PP type (40.3% phenylpropenes as 13.6% myristicin and 26.7% dillapiole) and 37.8% sesquiterpenes. The majorities of P. frutescens collections in this study belong to PA type (41.9%) and PK type(38.8%).

• 한국작물학회지
• /
• 제51권1호
• /
• pp.73-80
• /
• 2006

Sesame (Sesamum indicum L.) seeds contain abundant oil and antioxidative lignans related to the seed quality. To evaluate the potential effects of drought stress on the chemical composition of sesame seeds, eighteen cultivars were imposed water-deficit condition by withholding irrigation during 15 days at podding and maturing stage, compared with well-watered plants as control in seed yield and chemical composition. Drought treatments showed great decrease of seed yield with not affecting seed weight. The contents of sesamin and sesamolin decreased while lignan glycosides inversely increased in response to drought stress. Oil content was not significantly changed by drought treatment in spite of its slight decrease. In case of fatty acid composition, there were significant differences in increase of oleic acid while inverse decrease of linoleic acid under drought stress condition. These results demonstrate that the chemical composition of sesame seed may be modified with drought stress. In particular, the increase of sesaminol glucosides with strong antioxidative activity was observed.

• 한국작물학회지
• /
• 제59권2호
• /
• pp.128-133
• /
• 2014

Rapeseed (Brassica napus L.) oil with high oleic acid content is of great interest for both food and non-food uses. The 'Tamla' variety, characterized by oleic acid content of approximately 69%, was treated with 1% ethyl methane sulfonate (EMS) to induce mutations in the fatty acid biosynthesis pathway. $M_1$ plants were selfed and subsequent generations ($M_2$, $M_3$, and $M_4$ mutants) were analyzed to identify mutants having increased levels of oleic acid. $M_2$ mutants showed oleic acid content ranging from 13.5% to 76.9% with some mutants (TR-458 and TR-544) having up to 74.7% and 76.9% oleic acid, which was an increase of nearly 5% and 7%, respectively, compared to untreated cv 'Tamla'. We selected two $M_3$ mutants with >75% oleic acid content. One mutant (TR-458-2) had increased oleic acid (75.9%) and decreased linoleic acid (12.5%) and linolenic acid (4.4%) contents. The other (TR-544-1) showed increased oleic acid content (75.7%) and decreased linoleic acid (13.5%) and linolenic acid (3.3%) contents. The accumulation or reduction of oleic acid content in the selected $M_4$ mutants was also accompanied by a simultaneous decrease or increase in linoleic and linolenic acid contents. The high-oleic lines could be utilized further in breeding programs for improvement of rapeseed oil quality.

• Horticulture, Environment, and Biotechnology : HEB
• /
• 제59권6호
• /
• pp.815-826
• /
• 2018

The intense drought affecting olive production in Northern Chile underscores the need to research non-traditional irrigation strategies to obtain the best crop performance. Accordingly, this study aimed to obtain preliminary data to guide future research on this topic. Different water replenishment levels on crop evapotranspiration ($ET_c$ ; 13.5, 27.0, 40.5, and 54%) were established in a young orchard, cv. Arbequina, from the end of fruit drop (EFD) to full bloom in the next season. We evaluated the influence of plant water status (${\Psi}_{stem}$ ) and crop load, considered as function of fruit number divided by trunk cross-sectional area, on reproductive and productive variables using multiple linear regressions. Our results show that crop load and ${\Psi}_{stem}$ measured from EFD to harvest affected yield components. Nevertheless, ${\Psi}_{stem}$ had the strongest influence on fruit size, pulp development, oil accumulation, and yield. Oil content and yield were reduced by 54% and 50% for each MPa, respectively, from ${\Psi}_{stem\;EFD-H}$ -1.8 MPa, an effect that intensified as crop load increased. During the period of flower development (September-November), the number of flowers per inflorescence and percentage of perfect flowers were reduced when ${\Psi}_{stem}$ was less than -2.0 MPa. These preliminary results showed that bud differentiation, inflorescence and flower formation are highly sensitive to water deficit.

• 한국약용작물학회지
• /
• 제28권2호
• /
• pp.95-110
• /
• 2020

Background: In Korea, Agastache rugosa (Fisch. & C. A. Mey.) O. Kuntze is one of the well-known perennial plants belonging to Lamiaceae. This mint-fragranced plant has long been used for the treatment of abdominal pain, congestion, chills, and diarrhea since the Goryeo Dynasty. Although this plant has various medicinal properties, it is only used as a spice and for landscape purposes. Methods and Results: The objective of this paper was to review the chemical composition and biological properties of the essential oil of A. rugosa. Several studies reported that the essential oil contains more than 60 different chemical components of monoterpene and sesquiterpene hydrocarbons and oxygenated hydrocarbons. The major component is methyl chavicol (estragole), accounting for 64% - 88% of the oil. The chemical composition of this essential oil vaired widely according to the planting time, environmental conditions, planting distance, fertilizer application, and harvesting time. Conclusions: The essential oil of A. rugosa possesses various pharmacological properties such as antioxidant, antibacterial, anticancer, antiviral, nematicidal, antifungal, insecticidal, wrinkle improver, stress reliever, and Alzheimer's disease alleviator. Hence, the essential oil from A. rugosa could be used for the development of high value-added industrial products in the near future.

• 한국작물학회지
• /
• 제43권3호
• /
• pp.189-193
• /
• 1998

Volatile components were extracted from leaves of two Boxthorn (Lycium chinense M.) cultivars by using simultaneous distillation and extraction, analyzed by gas chromatography-mass spectrometry. Seventy components were identified : 13 acids, 15 alcohols, 18 hydrocarbons, 13 carbonyls, three esters, three ionones, and five others. The principal volatile components (and their peak area percentage) were n-pentanol (11.2～30.2%), phytol (14.5～28.3%), hexadecanoic acid (13.5～17.1%) 2,3-dihydrobenzofuran (1.5～4.2%), benzyl alcohol (1.9-4.8%), phenylacetaldehyde (1.8～3.2%), and octadecadienoic acid (1.7～10.7%). Fresh leaves showed much higher peak area than that of dried leaf in n-pentanol, n-hexanol, cis-2-penten-l-ol, cis-3-hexen-l-ol, benzyl alcohol, and $\beta$-phenylethyl alcohol, while dried leaves showed much higher content than that of fresh leaves in 9-hydroxytheaspran A, octadecanoic acid and octadecadienic acid.

• 한국작물학회지
• /
• 제56권3호
• /
• pp.205-211
• /
• 2011

가정용 소량의 볶음용 참깨 최적 볶음온도 및 시간은 팽창율, 색도, 착유량, 관능평가 등을 고려해 보았을 때 $220^{\circ}C$ 에 3분간 처리가 적당하였고, 참기름용 최적 볶음온도 및 시간은 $220^{\circ}C$에 5분간 처리가 가장 적당한 것으로 나타났다. 볶음처리 조건시험에서는 변온처리 효과는 고정온도 처리보다는 적은 것으로 나타났으며, 고정온도 처리가 볶음참깨 및 참기름 가공에 적합한 것으로 사료되었다. 가공용 대용량의 볶음참깨 볶음온도는 흰깨, 검은깨 모두 $240^{\circ}C$에 15분간 처리가 총평에서 가장 높은 평점을 받아 대용량으로 참깨를 볶아서 가공할 때는 소량으로 볶았을 때 보다 $20^{\circ}C$정도 더 높은 온도처리가 적절한 것으로 사료되었다. 대용량의 참기름 가공용으로 사용하기 위한 대용량 참깨 복음온도는 흰깨는 $280^{\circ}C$에 10분간 처리가, 검정깨는 $260^{\circ}C$에 15분간 처리가 총평에서 가장 높은 평점을 얻었고, 검정깨 보다는 흰깨는 더 높은 온도로 처리되어야 함을 알 수 있었다.

• 한국약용작물학회지
• /
• 제26권6호
• /
• pp.455-463
• /
• 2018

Background: Sancho (Zanthoxylum schinifolium Siebold and Zucc) oil is used as a traditional medicinal material to treat severs stomach inflammation and as a diuretic. This study was carried out to investigate the effect of addition of antioxidants and blended oil the storage stability and safety of the biomaterial. Methods and Results: The effects of temperature and light on sancho oil were investigated, and the ability of antioxidants in preventing rancidity of the oil was discovered. Under fluorescent light and in darkness, the acidity of the oil was much lower than that under direct sunlight. The addition of antioxidants decreased the acid value of sancho oil; the antioxidant that showed the best results in this regard was 0.5% propolis. The acid value of canola oil, which had the lowest acid value compared with that of other oils, and blended oil, containing 5% canola oil in sancho oil, decreased by 5.5% and 15%, respectively. About one acid value decrease was observed for every 1% increase in blending with canola oil. As the concentration of canola oil increased, the viscosity and the elightness (L valu) of sancho oil increased slightly, while the blueness (b value) decreased. Conclusions: The results of this study may contribute to ensuring food safety during preservation and the industrialization of the presevation of sancho oil.