• 한국환경보건학회지
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• 제38권6호
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• pp.529-540
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• 2012

Objective: This research was performed to evaluate the state of oil pollution in an area surrounding a railway station that has over 100 years of business history as a railway station in S City, Korea. The amount of polluted soil was estimated, and the target area for remediation was assessed in this study to restore the oil-polluted area. Methods: To accomplish this aim, five observation wells were installed for the sampling of groundwater, and soil was sampled at 33 points. Electric resistance studies and a trench investigation were undertaken to understand the geological conditions of the site, and the groundwater movement in this area was simulated by MODFLOW. Physiochemical analyses were conducted to determine the quality of the groundwater and the current state of oil pollution influenced by that of the soil. Results: The mean level of total petroleum hydrocarbons (TPHs) in this area was 1,059 mg/kg, and the area for remediation was determined to be 7,610 mg/kg. Levels of benzene, toluene, ethylbenzene, and xylene (BTEX) were determined to be under the legal standard. Conclusion: In terms of depth, the biggest area polluted by TPH found was between 0 and 1 m from ground level, and the affected area was 5,900 $m^3$. TPHs were not detected in groundwater. Diesel and lubricating oil were the main causes of TPH pollution at this railway station.

• 한국해양환경ㆍ에너지학회지
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• 제19권2호
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• pp.99-110
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• 2016

해양에서 시추작업 중 라이저가 손상되어 기름유출이 발생하면 경제적인 피해 뿐 아니라 해양환경에 막대한 피해를 가져오게 되므로 사고 발생 시 신속하게 사고에 대처해야 될 뿐만 아니라 초기의 기름 유출량 및 확산 정도를 파악하는 것이 중요하다. 본 연구에서는 소스코드가 공개된 전산유체역학 라이브러리인 OpenFOAM을 이용하여 손상된 라이저로 부터 기름이 유출되는 현상을 해석하였다. 수치방법을 검증하기 위해 제트 유동과 밀도 차에 의한 확산 문제인 Rayleigh-Taylor instability를 해석하였다. 라이저의 손상된 크기, 기름 유출량, 손상된 위치, 해류의 속도를 변화시키며 해석하였다. 해석 결과 기름이 유출 될 경우 수면에 도달 할 때까지 이동한 거리 및 시간을 예측하여 기름 확산에 대비할 수 있는 가이드라인을 제시하였다.

• 신재생에너지
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• 제2권2호
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• pp.118-125
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• 2006

The target of this work was the process development of demonstration plant to produce the high quality alternative fuel oil by the pyrolysis of mixed plastic waste. In the first step of research, the bench-scale units of 70 t/y and the pilot plant of 360 t/y had been developed. Main research contents in this step were the process performance test of pilot plant of 360 ton/year and the development of demonstration plant of 3,000 t/y, which was constructed at Korea R & D Company in Kimjae City. The process performance of pilot plant of 360 t/y showed about 80% yield of liquid product, which was obtained by both light gas oil(LGO) and heavy gas oil(HGO), The boiling point range distribution of LO product that was mainly consisting of olefin components in PONA group appeared at between that of commercial gasoline and kerosene. On the other hand, HO product was mainly paraffin and olefin components and also appeared at upper temperature distribution range than commercial diesel. Gas product showed a high fraction of $C_3\;and\;C_4$ product like LPG composition, but also a high fraction of $CO_2$ and CO by probably a little leak of process.

• 대한조선학회논문집
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• 제52권2호
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• pp.153-160
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• 2015

Pipelines are one of the most important structures in subsea equipment. It is the main equipment for transportation of crude oil and natural gas to the downstream facilities. Crude oil and natural gas leak will be carry out not only political and financial issues but also pollution to the environment. Inaccurate predictions of corrosion behavior will make hazardous consequences. The serviceability assessment of corroded structures is essential especially for subsea pipelines. As corrosion is concerned, the effects of failure due to significant reduction will make it hard to the pipeline operator to maintain the serviceability of pipelines. In this paper, the serviceability assessment of corroded crude oil pipeline is performed using the industry design code (Shell92, DNV RP F101, ASME B31G, BS 7910, PCORRC) and FEA depending on corrosion area. In last step, the future integrity of the subsea crude oil pipeline is assessed to predict the remaining year in service of crude oil pipelines.

• 대한안전경영과학회지
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• 제19권3호
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• pp.1-9
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• 2017

In the industrial field, various type of fuel have been used for product processing facilities. Recent for 10 years, the usage of natural gas (NG) was gradually increased. Because it has many merits; clean fuel, no transportation, storage facility and so on. There are common safety concept that strict explosion protection approaches are needed for facilities where explosive materials such as flammable liquid, vapor and gases exist. But some has an optimistic point of view that the lighter than air gases such as NG disperse rapidly, hence do not form explosion environment upon release into the atmosphere, many parts has a conventional safety point of view that those gases are also inflammable gases, hence can form explosion environment although the extent is limited and present. In this paper, the heating equipments (Hot Oil Heater) was reviewed and some risk management measures were proposed. These measures include hazardous area classification and explosion-proof provisions of electric apparatus, an early gas leak detection and isolation, ventilation system reliability, emergency response plan and training and so on. This study calculates Hazardous Area Classification using the hypothetical volume in the KS C IEC code.

• 대한토목학회논문집
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• 제3권3호
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• pp.87-94
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• 1983

지하유류비축공동(地下油類備蓄空洞)의 성패(成敗)는 공동상부(空洞上部)에 충분(充分)한 수두(水頭)를 유지(維持)하여 공동주위(空洞周圍)의 수밀성(水密性)을 보장(保障)하는 데 있다. 공동상부(空洞上部)에 충분(充分)한 수두(水頭)가 유지(維持)되면 저장(貯藏)된 유류(油類)의 Gas가 누출(漏出)되지 않으며, 인접공동(隣接空洞)이 비어있을 때에도 이곳으로 유류(油類)는 이동(移動)되지 않는다. 본(本) 연구(硏究)에서는 전기상사모형실험(電氣相似模型實驗)을 통(通)하여 수평(水平) 및 수직(垂直) Water Curtain을 설치(設置)하여 Gas 누출(漏出)과 유류이동(油類移動)을 방지(防止)하려 할 때 효과적(効果的)인 Water Curtain의 위치(位置), 인접공동간격(隣接空洞間隔) Water Curtain 수두(水頭), Bore-hole 간격 등이 검토(檢討)되었다. 연구결과(硏究結果) 공동(空洞)의 간격(間隔)이 좁으면 수직(垂直) Water Curtain은 꼭 설치(設置)되어야 하며, 공동간격(空洞間隔)이 공동(空洞) 높이의 2배 이상 커지면 수직(垂直) Water Curtain은 필요(必要)없다는 것이 입증(立證)되었고 유류이동(油類移動)을 방지(防止)하는데 필요(必要)한 수평(水平) 및 수직(垂直) Water Curtain의 위치(位置), Water Curtain 수두(水頭), Bore hole 간격 등이 도표(圖表)로 주어졌다.

• 한국산학기술학회논문지
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• 제21권3호
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• pp.321-327
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• 2020

최근 2년간 군 기동화력장비의 엔진 생산 공정 중에 발생한 주요 품질문제 중에는 엔진오일 누유가 가장 많은 비중을 차지하고 있다. 이를 최소화하기 위해서는 엔진오일 누유에 대한 근본적인 원인 파악과 다빈도로 발생되는 누유 부위에 대한 파악이 필요할 뿐만 아니라 더 나아가 품질비용 감소를 위해서는 엔진 조립 및 검사공정에서 누유에 대한 사전식별이 필요하다. 본 연구에서는 형광염료가 주입된 엔진오일을 통하여 누유를 가시화하고 엔진오일 누유 현상에 대한 식별성을 증대시켜 군 기동화력장비 엔진의 생산품질을 향상시키고자 하였다. 이를 위하여 기존에 사용하는 엔진오일과 형광염료가 주입된 엔진오일의 특성분석을 통하여 대체 가능성에 대해 검토하였으며 엔진오일 주입 공정과 누유검사 공정을 개선하여 엔진오일 누유에 의하여 발생할 수 있는 정비기간 및 시간을 최소화 시키고자 하였다. 최종적으로 본 연구결과를 토대로 군 기동화력장비 엔진의 신뢰도 확보 및 엔진 생산업체의 품질관리 능력 향상을 통하여 엔진 생산 공정간 발생할 수 있는 품질비용을 최소화 시킬 수 있다고 사료된다.

• 한국가스학회지
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• 제13권5호
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• pp.1-6
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• 2009

본 논문에서는 LPG 차량의 연비효과에 미치는 대기온도, 증발기의 가스누출, 엔진오일의 점도, 엔진의 부하조건을 실험적으로 고찰하고자 한다. 연비에 대한 시험결과에 의하면, 엔진의 온도가 상승할수록 연비효과도 함께 점차 높아지고 있다. 대기온도가 $24.2^{\circ}C$일 때의 연비는 $1^{\circ}C$일 때보다 13.6% 정도 높게 나타난 것을 알 수 있다. LP가스 누출이 없는 증발기의 연비는 가스누출이 있는 경우에 비해 5.3%나 좋아지는 것으로 확인되었다. 반면에 엔진오일을 새로 교환한 경우의 연비는 9,500km를 주행한 오일에 비해 1.1% 정도 향상된 것으로 나타났으며, 이것은 대기온도나 증발기의 누설조건에 비해 상대적으로 낮은 영향을 미치는 것으로 관찰되었다. 연비에 더 많은 영향을 미치는 요소는 급제동, 급출발, 급가속과 같은 운전조건으로 판단된다. 연비시험 결과에 의하면, 정상출발은 급출발에 비해 32.3%나 연비가 향상되었고, 급가속은 급출발보다 10.8%나 우수한 연비조건을 보여주고 있다. 또한, 급제동은 급출발보다 18.3%나 우수한 연비상태를 나타내고 있다. 결국 비정상적인 주행조건은 정상적인 운전패턴에 비해 연비가 나쁜 것으로 나타났으므로, 연비를 높이기 위해서는 차량의 주행조건을 정상상태로 유지하는 것이 대단히 중요함을 알 수 있다.

• 한국신재생에너지학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국신재생에너지학회 2006년도 춘계학술대회
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• pp.523-526
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• 2006

The target of this work was the process development of demonstration plant to produce the high quailty alternative fuel oil by the pyrolysis of mixed plastic waste. In the first step of research, the bench-scale units of 70t/y and the pi lot plant of 360 t/v had been developed. Main research contents in this step were the process performance test of pilot plant ot 360ton/year and the development of demonstration plant of 3 000 t/y which was constructed at Korea R & D Company in Kimjae City. The process performance of pilot plant of 360 t/v showed components in PONA group appeared at between that of commercial gasoline and kerosene. On the other hand, HO product was mainly paraffin and olefin components and also appeared at upper temperature distribution range than commercial diesel. Gas product showed a high fraction of $C_3\;and\;C_4$ product like LPG composition, but also a high fraction of $CO_2$ and CO by probably a little leak of process.

• Corrosion Science and Technology
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• 제23권1호
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• pp.1-10
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• 2024

Oil well casing leak is caused by contact of casing outer surface with formation electrolyte. It is usually associated with an aquifer with a high salt content or absence of a cement ring behind the casing. The only way to reduce external casing corrosion is through cathodic protection. Through cathodic polarization of casing structure, electron content in crystal lattice and electron density will increase, leading to a potential shift towards the cathodic region. At Tatneft enterprises, cathodic protection is carried out according to cluster and individual schemes. The main criterion for cathodic protection is the size of protective current. For a casing, the protective current is considered sufficient if measurements with a two-contact probe show that the electric current directed to the casing has eliminated all anode sites. To determine the value of required protective current, all methods are considered in this work. In addition, an analysis of all methods used to determine the minimum protective current of the casing is provided. Results show that the method of measuring potential drop along casing is one of the most reliable methods for determining the value of protective current.