• Korean journal of food and cookery science
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• v.17 no.2
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• pp.123-128
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• 2001

Soybean rice cake, which is often used in Hamkyungdo, is well hewn for a good taste and the slow firiming rate. Since soybean rice cake may taste different according to the amount of ingredients, this study will make a test of the taste and properties of two groups of soybean rice cake. One is prepared from rice flour mixed with yellow soybean and peanut flour at several rate, and the other is prepared from rice flour mixed with oil extracted from yellow soybean and peanut, the containing amount of which is the same as that of oil ingredient contained in each flour. Rice cake prepared mixed with extracted soybean oil shows better characteristics than that which is prepared mixed with soybean flour containing the same amount of oil. The result by sensory test reveals that the element which has a great influence on soybean rice cake is oil. Prepared mixed with extracted oil, soybean rice cake tastes best at 6% of oil, while rice cake prepared mixed with flour instead of oil tastes best at 8% of flour. As this study shows that the relation between firiming rate and oil has a significant influence on cohesiveness, moistness, and chewiness, it is needed to further study the effect of oil according to the kinds of the flour of rice or other grains used.

• The Korean Journal of Food And Nutrition
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• v.14 no.6
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• pp.591-595
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• 2001

The antioxidant and synergistic effects of sesame oil cake extract treated with $\beta$ -glucosidase were examined. The sesamin and sesamolin were identified from the 80% ethanol extract of seame oil cake treated with $\beta$ -glucosidase, which suggested the presence of the active substances as their glycosides in sesame seed. The contents of sesamin and sesamolin in sesame oil cake extract were about 8.32% (8,315.4 mg/100g) and 0.28% (2,824.5mg/100g) , respectively. Sesame oil cake extract showed antioxidant activity at concentrations of 50ppm, 100ppm and 200ppm, and the effect was Increased with the addition of sesame oil cake extract. The antioxidant effect of sesame oil cake extract was stronger than that of $\alpha$-tocopherol or ascorbyl palmitate, but weaker than of BHT Also, when the sesame oil cake extract(50ppm) was used in combination with $\alpha$-tocopherol(50 ppm), the sesame oil cake showed very strong synergistic effect.

• Asian-Australasian Journal of Animal Sciences
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• v.20 no.8
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• pp.1196-1200
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• 2007

Eight feeds (mixture of wheat straw and oil seed cakes in 3:1 ratio) were evaluated for methane emission and fermentation pattern with buffalo rumen liquor as inoculum in an in vitro gas production test. The cakes tested were groundnut cake (GNC), soybean cake (SBC), mustard seed cake (MSC), cotton seed cake (CSC), karanj seed cake expeller extracted (KCEE), karanj seed cake solvent extracted (KCSE), caster bean cake expeller extracted (CBCEE) and caster bean cake solvent extracted (CBCSE). The gas production (ml/g dry matter) was significantly higher with SBC and MSC followed by CSC, GNC, KCSE, KCEE, CBCSE and was the lowest with CBCEE. Methane emission was significantly lower with KCEE, KCSE, CBCEE, CBCSE (20.32- 22.43 ml/g DM) than that with SBC, GNC, CSC (27.34-31.14 ml/g DM). Mustard seed cake was in-between the two groups of oil cakes in methane production. In vitro true digestibility was highest with SBC followed by GNC, CSC, MSC, KCSE, KCEE, CBCSE and CECEE. Ammonia nitrogen level was positively correlated with the amount of protein present in the cake. Total holotrich protozoa were significantly higher with SBC, whereas, large spirotrich protozoa tended to be lower than with other cakes. The counts of small spirotrich and total protozoa were similar with all the cakes. Total volatile fatty acid production and acetate to propionate ratio were significantly higher with SBC and significantly lower with KCEE as compared to the other cakes. Among the conventional oil cakes tested in the present experiment (GNC, SBC, MSC and CSC), mustard seed cake-based feed produced the minimum methane without affecting other fermentation characteristics adversely.

• Korean journal of applied entomology
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• v.26 no.4 s.73
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• pp.267-268
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• 1987

Out of 8 oil cakes used for soil amendment, Margosa, Undi and Karanj cakes were found to reduce the ginger rot. However, maximum increase in yield was found in Karanj cake followed by Roselle and Mustard cakes.

• Korean Journal of Food Science and Technology
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• v.35 no.5
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• pp.856-864
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• 2003

The purpose of this study was to examine the quality variations of cake and cake batter when either butter or soybean oil was added in plain sponge cake batter. Soybean oil or butter was added to the batter at ratios of 20, 40, and 60% at 20, 35, 60, and $80^{\circ}C$. The physico-chemical properties of cake batter and cake were measured to evaluate the effects of ratio and temperature of butter and soybean oil. At higher ratios of butter or soybean oil and lower temperatures, the specific gravity of the cake batter increased while the interrelations among weight, volume, and specific loaf volume decreased. L- and b- values were the same, but a-value increased remarkably with higher ratios of butter. The effect of adding butter or soybean oil on hardness was shown to be lowest at 40% and $80^{\circ}C$. Baking loss in the baking process with soybean oil decreased with increasing oil quantity and temperature. Moisture content did not change with temperature, but did decline with increasing amounts of butter or soybean oil. These results show that the optimum condition for sponge cake would be 40% soybean oil at $80^{\circ}C$.

• Asian-Australasian Journal of Animal Sciences
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• v.19 no.7
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• pp.997-1003
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• 2006

An experiment with twenty crossbred goat kids (male) of 2-3 months old, weighing about 12 kg was conducted to study the effect of feeding formaldehyde treated rape seed oil cake based diet supplemented with molasses on growth rate and histopathological changes of different organs. Goats were randomly divided into four groups of 5 animals each and were individually fed for a period of 120 days. The animals in group I (URC) and II (URCM) were fed concentrate mixture (CM-I) containing untreated rape seed oil cake (30%) while, the animals in group III (TRC) and IV (TRCM) were offered concentrate mixture (CM-II) containing formaldehyde treated rape seed oil cake. Further, molasses as energy source was additionally supplemented with the concentrate mixture at the rate of 8% of concentrate mixture on dry matter basis to animals in group II and IV. All the animals were maintained on roughage (Berseem hay:wheat straw = 2:1) and concentrate in 50:50 ratio. Average daily gain (g/d) of animals in group IV was significantly (p<0.05) higher than that in group I., but at par with group II and III. Feed conversion efficiency was also significantly (p<0.05) higher in group IV (10.14) than group I and II but at par with group III. The growth rate however increased by 50.2% in group IV showing more consistency in maintaining highest growth rate due to better balance of nutrients. At the end of four months of feeding trial, two animals from each group were sacrificed for histopathological study of different organs. Significant histopathological changes in liver, heart, lungs tissue of animals fed untreated rape seed oil cake diet were recorded which were totally absent in the organ of animals fed formaldehyde treated cake. The liver tissue of goats receiving control diet (containing untreated rape seed oil cake) were found to be associated with engorged central vein and blood vessels. Hepatocytes were swollen, pale and degenerated with cellular infiltration and fibrosis of portal areas. The muscles of heart were found to have intermyofibral edema. Emphysema accompanied by dilated and ruptured alveoli was also recorded in lung tissue. However, histopathological examination of various tissues of goats fed formaldehyde treated cake diet did not exhibit any degenerative changes. Additional supplementation of molasses with or without treated cake diet, apparently did not have any significant effect on ameliorating the above degenerative changes.

• Korean Journal of Soil Science and Fertilizer
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• v.4 no.2
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• pp.137-141
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• 1971

In order to observe the effect of soil added to oil cake in the preparation of liquid fertilizer for flower culture use, a laboratory experiment was carried out, in addition to a pot experiment done with Petunia as an indicator plant. The results obtained are as follows; 1. Faster decaying, and heavier accumulation of ammonia was observed in the mixture of soil, oil cake and water than the mixture of only oil cake and water. At the same time, the former gave better effect on the growth of Petunia than the latter. It was considered that the early raise of pH in the mixture of soil, oil cake and water stimulated the decomposition of oil cake. 2. No pH raise and a small accumulation of ammonia even at the mixture of soil, oil coke and water was observed when temperature was low, around $12-25^{\circ}C$. However, the deficiency of ammonia in the mixture of soil, oil cake and water was large enough to result in the better growth of Petunia than in the mixture without soil.

• Food Quality and Culture
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• v.3 no.2
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• pp.49-52
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• 2009

In the making of yellow layer cake, shortening was replaced with olive oil at levels of 25, 50, 75, and 100%. The hunter values of L and b showed that the crumb colors of the cakes with 50 and 75% olive oil were significantly different from that of the control. Both 50 and 75% olive cakes showed a higher specific gravity of batters, and lower specific volume of cakes, than the control. Cakes with 50 and 75% olive oil were less hard than the control during 3 days' storage at $22^{\circ}C$. Sensory evaluation showed that their characteristics-cell uniformity, crumb color, taste, softness, and moistness-were not influenced by the replacement of shortening with olive oil. And same as above for overall acceptance.

• Korean Journal of Organic Agriculture
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• v.27 no.4
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• pp.453-461
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• 2019

The purpose of this study was to evaluate the mixed treatment of compost tea and amino acid liquid fertilizer as a substitute of oil cake for the organic cultivation of maize in Goesan, Chungbuk province. As a result, nitrogen, phosphoric acid, potassium, calcium and magnesium contents of each organic fertilizer were in the order of oil cake > amino acid fertilizer > compost tea. Each of these organic fertilizers had little influence on the change of soil chemical. Individual treatment of amino acid fertilizer and oil cake for weight of an ear as well as all individual treatments for the fresh weight of 100 kernels showed significant increase, compared to the untreated control. For the corn yield of merchantable quality, each treatment of compost tea, amino acid liquid fertilizer and oil cake increased higher 3.9, 5.4 and 5.9% than untreated control, respectively. On the other hand, as a result of mixed treatment of amino acid fertilizer and compost tea, the change of soil chemical property was insignificant. The mixed treatment, Nonetheless, showed significant increase for stem height to 1st ear, grain setting length in an ear, weight of an ear, and fresh weight of 100 kernels, compared to the oil cake as a control. After all, the corn yield of merchantable quality produced by the mixed treatment was 3.9% higher than the control. Therefore, our study would be considered that the mixed treatment of amino acid and compost tea is one of organic materials that can replace oil-cake in maize.

• Korean journal of food and cookery science
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• v.22 no.2 s.92
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• pp.222-228
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• 2006

The effects of olive oil addition on the quality characteristics of pound cake was investigated. Olive oil was added to the batter at a ratio of 33, 66 and 100%. The volume of pound cake prepared by adding $33{\sim}100%$ olive oil increased from 841.2 to 1083.2 mL. The volume index of pound cake prepared by adding $33{\sim}100%$ olive oil increased by $3.19{\sim}3.70$ and that of the control was 2.88. The hardness and penetration resulting from the addition of $33{\sim}100%$ olive oil decreased significantly during storage for 1 hour and 72 hours, respectively. The lightness and redness values of the cake decreased with increasing olive oil content. The taste, moistness and overall acceptability of the pound cake with 66% olive oil were the best.