• 한국축산시설환경학회지
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• 제14권1호
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• pp.1-8
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• 2008

This study was conducted to solve the problem of public grievance owing to odor of a pig farm. Odor emissions from pig production systems mainly originate from liquid manure storage and solid manure fermentation. The low-cost odor abatement system (OAS) for application at liquid manure storage tank and solid manure fermentation facilities was developed in this study. The OAS adapted odor removing principles of a biofilter and biotrickling filter. The OAS is very simplified in structure. The appearance of the OAS had a form of cylindrical or cubical shape. The system performance was monitored for about one year after stabilization. A 7 seconds empty bed contact time for the OAS was adapted to achieve the odor reduction levels. The commercial type of OAS was constructed with media comprised of wood chips. Moisture content always remained above 50% wet basis. Average ammonia removal efficiency for the developed design was 89% at the liquid manure storage tank. Also, the removal efficiency at a solid manure fermentation facility was 86% on ammonia.

• 상하수도학회지
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• 제21권1호
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• pp.13-25
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• 2007

The water treatment plants in Seoul Metropolitan Area, which are under Korea Water Resources Corporation(KOWACO)'s management, take water from Paldang Reservoir in Han River System for drinking water supply. There are taste and odor (T&O) problems in the finished water because the conventional treatment processes do not effectively remove the T&O compounds. As part of countermeasures for taste and odor control, KOWACO is planning to introduce advanced water treatment process such as ozone and GAC in near future. This study evaluated the removal characteristics of T&O and dissolved organic matter (DOM) to find design and operation parameters of advanced water treatment processes in a pilot-scale treatment plant. The GAC adsorption capacity for DOC in the two GAC system (GAC and $O_3$-GAC) at an EBCT of 14min was mostly exhausted after 9months. The differency of the removal efficiency of DOC between $O_3$-GAC and GAC increased with increasing operation time because the bioactivity in $O_3$-GAC process was enhanced by post-ozone process. Removal by conventional treatment was unable to reach the target TON(threshold odor number) of 3 but GAC systems at an EBCT(empty bed contact time) of 14 min were able to archive the target with few exception. During the high T&O episodes, PAC as a pretreatment together with GAC could be useful option for T&O control. However, substantial TON removal continued for more than two year (> 90,000 bed volumes). At the spiking of less concentration 26 to 61 ng/L in the influent of GAC systems, GAC absorber and $O_3$-GAC processes could meet the treatment target. The better spike control after 12 and 19 months of operation compared to that after 7 months of operation is a strong indication of biological control. The results presented in this study had shown that $O_3$-GAC process was found to be more effective for T&O control than GAC process. And the main removal mechanism in GAC systems were adsorption capacity and biodegradation.

• 상하수도학회지
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• 제26권2호
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• pp.219-228
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• 2012

Problems due to the taste and odor in drinking water are common in treatment facilities around the world. Taste and odor are perceived by the public as the primary indicators of the safely and acceptability of drinking water, and are mainly caused by the presence of two semi-volatile compounds-2-methylisoborneol(2-MIB) and geosmin. Conventional treatment processes in water treatment plants, such as coagulation, sedimentation and chlorination have been found to be ineffective for the removal of 2-MIB and geosmin. Pulse UV system is a new UV irradiation system that is a non-mercury lamp-based alternative to currently used continuous wave systems for water disinfection. This study shows pulse UV system to be effective in treatment of these two compounds. Geosmin removal efficiency of UV process alone achieved approximately 70% at 10sec contact time. 2-MIB removal efficiency of UV only process achieved approximately 60% at 10sec contact time. The addition of $H_{2}O_{2}$ 7mg/L increased geosmin and 2-MIB removal efficiency upto approximately 94% and 91%, respectively.

• 대한환경공학회지
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• 제30권4호
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• pp.415-422
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• 2008

충주시에 소재하는 주요 환경시설로부터 배출되는 악취성 물질의 배출특성을 주민 민원에 대한 설문과 정치형 시료채취기를 활용하여 조사하였다. 네 군데의 조사시설 가운데 분뇨처리장이 가장 높은 악취농도를 보여주었다. 악취성물질의 주요 성분은 황화합물, 트리메칠아민, 알데히드 등이었다. 음식물 쓰레기 처리공정은 황화합물과 알데히드를 많이 배출하였다. 도시하수처리장은 고농도의 알데히드를 배출하는 것으로 나타났다. 악취의 관능 수준은 기상여건에 따라 다양하였으며, 심야의 악취 강도가 주간보다 훨씬 심각하게 나타났다.

• 한국축산시설환경학회지
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• 제6권3호
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• pp.153-160
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• 2000

Odor control for livestock and compost facilities has focused on manure handling and treatment during storage and land application, however, large amount of malodorous air is emitted and it is one of main sources of malodour in livestock farming. Biological treatment or biodegradation involves converting an organic contaminant to carbon dioxide and water using natural bacteria. Biofiltration is an effective air pollution control technology that uses microorganisms to breakdown gaseous contaminants and produce innocuous end products. Investment and operating costs on the biofiltration are lower than for thermal and chemical oxidation processes. This paper is intended to provide an overview of basic design and operating criteria for biofilters to control odors from livestock and compost facilities.

• 청정기술
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• 제23권1호
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• pp.34-41
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• 2017

스크러버는 적정한 처리효율을 유지하기 위하여 세정수를 지속적으로 교체해 주어야 한다. 하지만 화학업종 대부분은 폐수 처리시설이 없어 스크러버 세정수를 위탁 처리하고 있으며, 처리비용 때문에 자주 교체해 주지 못하는 실정이다. 이로 인해 악취배출허용기준을 초과하거나 배출구 농도가 더 높아지는 역전현상을 유발하기도 한다. 이에 세정수를 자체 정화 하여 사용할 수 있도록 여과와 흡착 공정으로 구성된 세정수 처리시스템을 개발하였다. 세정수 처리 시스템은 화학업종 두 개 스크러버를 대상으로 적용하였으며, 세정수 수질 상태와 악취저감 효과를 평가하였다. 세정수 처리 시스템 적용 결과 50% 이상의 수질개선 효과와 20% 이상의 악취개선 효과를 확인 하였으며, 기존 운영대비 40%의 비용절감 효과도 기대할 수 있었다.

• Asian-Australasian Journal of Animal Sciences
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• 제12권4호
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• pp.597-603
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• 1999

Even though the development of livestock industry in Asia and Australasia has brought the economic growth and thus elevated the living standard in these areas, it has also brought the pollution caused by the increasing amount of animal wastes. Among them, Japan probably is the first country that suffered from the animal waste pollution as early as in 1970s. Nowadays, the animal waste pollution has been a common problem for almost every countries in this region. To solve it, different measures and regulations have been implemented in many countries. In this paper, different methods for animal waste disposal are discussed, including: manure-bed animal housing, composting, anaerobic treatment, odor control, utilization of biogas, aerobic treatment, three-step process, N and P removal, land application, cultivation of algae, anaerobic treatment of dead animals. It is hoped that an animal industry without pollution can be achieved in the future.

• 한국수자원학회논문집
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• 제30권3호
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• pp.235-245
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• 1997

대청호 원수를 취수하여 정수하는 대청수도에서 이취미를 제거하고 THM(Trihalomethanes) 발생량을 줄이기 위하여 기존 표준정수공정에 오존과 활성탄여과공정을 추가한 pilot plant 실험을 수행하였다. pilot 실험결과 표준정수공정에서 DOC(dissolved organic carbon)는 약 25% 제거되었으나, 오존공정에서는 거의 제거되지 않았고, 30일이 지난 후 GAC(granular activated carbon)에서는 약 75%까지 제거되는 것으로 나타났다. 표준정수공정에서 이취미는 약 30%, 오존산화공정에서 약 60%정도 제거되었고, 활성탄여과에서 대부분 제거되었으나, Column 1과 2에서는 DOC와 같이 이취미물질도 파과(breakthrough) 되는 것으로 나타났다. 전염소처리 대신에 중1, 2염소처리를 도입할 경우 전염소처리와 비교하여 약 25%정도의 THM발생량이 감소하였으며, 후염소처리만할 경우 약 30%까지 감소하는 것으로 나타났다.

• Journal of Animal Science and Technology
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• 제48권3호
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• pp.453-466
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• 2006

효율적인 악취방지책을 수립하고 시행하는 것은 지속가능한 축산 뿐만 아니라 증가되는 악취 민원과 더욱 엄격해지는 법규에 대응하기 위해 필수적이다. 본 연구는 돈분뇨의 처리방법에 따른 액상분뇨 유래 악취 및 처리방법이 다른 액상분뇨를 토양에 살포시 발생하는 악취 및 악취물질을 평가하기 위하여 수행되었다. 시험에 사용된 액상분뇨는 신선 분뇨, 혐기성 소화 액상분뇨 및 고온 호기성 소화 액상분뇨를 이용하였고, 토양 특성이 다른 논/밭 토양을대상으로 총 6처리 5반복 설계 배치하였다. 시료 포집은 관능법과 기기분석법에 사용될 시료를 각각 주사기와 테들러 백을 이용하여 액상분뇨와 액상분뇨를 살포한 토양의 상부공간에서 채취하였다. 악취 분석은 관능법을 이용하여 악취강도 및 불쾌도를 평가하였고, 기기분석법으로는 질소화합물 악취물질인 암모니아를 흡광광도법, 황화합물 악취물질인 황화수소, 메틸머캅탄, 다이메틸설파이드 및 다이메틸다이설파이드를 GC-PFPD를 이용하여 분석하였다. 처리과정이 다른 액상분뇨의 악취 및 악취물질 발생 평가에서 고온 호기성 소화 액상분뇨가 신선 분뇨 및 혐기성 소화 액상분뇨에 비해 악취강도, 불쾌도 및 악취농도 저감 효과가 매우 두드러지게 나타났으며 통계적으로도 유의적인 차이가 인정되었다. 혐기성 소화 액상분뇨와 고온 호기성 소화 액상분뇨에서 발생되는 황화수소, 메틸머캅탄, 다이메틸설파이드, 다이메틸다이설파이드 및 암모니아의 평균농도는 각각 65.93 : 5.15 ppb, 18.55 : 0.97ppb, 5.26 : 0.80ppb, 0.33 : 0.56ppb 및 10.57 : 1.34ppm으로 분석되었다. 액상분뇨를 밭과 논 토양에 살포시 혐기성 소화 액상분뇨와 고온 호기성 소화 액상분뇨가 각각 51～94% 및 22～91%의 암모니아 저감 효율을 나타내었다. 본 시험의 결과를 종합할 때 고온 호기성 소화 액상분뇨가 악취 저감이라는 측면에서 다른 처리방법에 비해 우수한 것으로 나타났으며, 액상분뇨의 토양환원에서 발생되는 악취문제는 액상분뇨의 처리방법에 따른 악취발생 정도와 직접적인 연관이 있다고 사료된다.

• 한국생물공학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국생물공학회 2005년도 생물공학의 동향(XVI)
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• pp.247-251
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• 2005

This research was performed for developing of biological treatment process of odor gas such as MEK, $H_{2}S$, and toluene, which is generated from the food waste recycling process. To establish the operational conditions of odor gas removal by small-scale biofiltration equipment, it was continuously operated by using toluene as a treating odor object. When the odor treating microorganisms were adhered to fibril form biofilter, high removal efficiency over 93% was obtained by biofilm formation. At 400 ppm of inlet odor gas concentration and 10 sec of retention time, the removal efficiency was 76% and 93% in 1st stage reactor and 2nd stage reactor, respectively. However, the removal efficiency remained over 97% at the operational conditions above 15 sec of retention time.