• 보건행정학회지
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• 제29권4호
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• pp.399-411
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• 2019

Background: This study aimed to explore the associations of social-demographic, health-behavioral, and woman-specific factors with the non-screening status of the cervical cancer screening test in Korean adult women. Methods: This study was a cross-sectional analysis of 9,698 Korean adult women aged 20 years or more who participated in the Korea National Health and Nutrition Examination Surveys V (2010-2012). Rao-Scott chi-square tests and survey logistic regression analyses were employed respectively to analyze the difference in the non-screening status of the cervical cancer screening test by each characteristic and to explore the factors related to the non-screening status. Results: The rate of the non-screening status of the cervical cancer screening test was 53.5% over the previous 2 years. In the survey logistics regression analysis, age, marital status, educational levels, income levels, residential area, occupation, private health insurance, smoking, alcohol, obesity, menstrual status, pregnancy experience, and hormone replacement therapy were significantly associated with the non-screening status of the cervical cancer screening test. Conclusion: On the basis of the results of this study, some social-demographic, health-behavioral, and woman-specific characteristics of Korean adult women seem to affect the non-screening status of the cervical cancer screening test. Therefore, appropriate health policies need to be designed, implemented, monitored, and evaluated to reduce the non-screening status of the cervical cancer screening test of them.

• 한국임상약학회지
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• 제27권2호
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• pp.83-91
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• 2017

Background: Piperacillin/tazobactam (TZP) is an antibiotic against a broad spectrum of gram-positive, gram-negative, and aerobic and anaerobic strains of bacteria. Due to changes in its pharmacokinetic and pharmacodynamic parameters by TZP-treated patients' renal functions and obesity, it is important to administrate and monitor TZP based on their renal functions and Body Mass Index (BMI) levels. The purpose of this study was to determine the appropriateness of administration doses of TZP based on renal functions of obese cancer patients in a tertiary hospital. Methods: This study was retrospectively conducted with obese cancer patients with $BMI{\geq}30kg/m^2$ in a tertiary hospital, Korea from September 2004 to August 2014. Data were collected through Electronic Medical Record (EMR) which contained laboratory data and TZP dosing of each patient. Results: Among 7,058 patients during the study period, 102 prescriptions were selected based on inclusion and exclusion criteria and classified by their renal functions. Although TZP should be used based on patients' renal functions to adjust its dose, its initial dose and dosing interval were consistently used without considering patients' renal functions on a regular basis. Especially, in the comparison with FDA dosing standard of TZP, approximately twice patients with $20mL/min{\leq}CrCl{\leq}40mL/min$ received domestically 4.5 g instead of 2.25 g as the TZP starting dose. Conclusion: The appropriate doses of TZP were administered to almost all of obese cancer patients; however, the recommended TZP dose was different between Korea and other countries by twice the amount. Further related studies are necessary to clearly determine the results, to optimize TZP treatment for obese patients with cancer in clinical practice, and to design and develop new TZP formulations for them in pharmaceutical industry.

• Nutrition Research and Practice
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• 제5권6호
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• pp.511-519
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• 2011

Dietary intake of whole grains reduces the incidence of chronic diseases such as obesity, diabetes, cardiovascular disease, and cancer. In an earlier study, we showed that Panicum miliaceum L. extract (PME) exhibited the highest anti-lipogenic activity in 3T3-L1 cells among extracts of nine different cereal grains tested. In this study, we hypothesized that PME in the diet would lead to weight loss and augmentation of hyperlipidemia by regulating fatty acid metabolism. PME was fed to ob/ob mice at 0%, 0.5%, or 1% (w/w) for 4 weeks. After the experimental period, body weight changes, blood serum and lipid profiles, hepatic fatty acid metabolism-related gene expression, and white adipose tissue (WAT) fatty acid composition were determined. We found that the 1% PME diet, but not the 0.5%, effectively decreased body weight, liver weight, and blood triglyceride and total cholesterol levels (P < 0.05) compared to obese ob/ob mice on a normal diet. Hepatic lipogenic-related gene ($PPAR{\alpha}$, L-FABP, FAS, and SCD1) expression decreased, whereas lipolysis-related gene (CPT1) expression increased in animals fed the 1% PME diet (P < 0.05). Long chain fatty acid content and the ratio of C18:1/C18:0 fatty acids decreased significantly in adipose tissue of animals fed the 1% PME diet (P < 0.05). Serum inflammatory mediators also decreased significantly in animals fed the 1% PME diet compared to those of the ob/ob control group (P < 0.05). These results suggest that PME is useful in the chemoprevention or treatment of obesity and obesity-related disorders.

• Journal of Nutrition and Health
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• 제55권1호
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• pp.47-58
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• 2022

Purpose: Obesity and a high-fat diet (HFD) are risk factors for colorectal cancer. We have previously shown that luteolin (LUT) supplementation in HFD-fed mice markedly inhibits tumor development in chemically induced colon carcinogenesis. In this study, we evaluated the anticancer effect of LUT in the inhibition of cell proliferation in HFD-fed obese mice and HT-29 human colorectal adenocarcinoma cells grown in an adipocyte-derived medium. Methods: C57BL/6 mice were fed a normal diet (ND, 11.69% fat out of total calories consumed, n = 10), HFD (40% fat out of total calories consumed, n = 10), HFD with 0.0025% LUT (n = 10), and HFD with 0.005% LUT (n = 10) and were subjected to azoxymethane-dextran sulfate sodium chemical colon carcinogenesis. All mice were fed the experimental diet for 11 weeks. 3T3-L1 preadipocytes and HT-29 cells were treated with various doses of LUT in an adipocyte-conditioned medium (Ad-CM). Results: The weekly body weight changes in the LUT groups were similar to those in the HFD group; however, the survival rates of the LUT group were higher than those of the HFD group. Impaired crypt integrity of the colonic mucosa in the HFD group was observed to be restored in the LUT group. The colonic expression of proliferating cell nuclear antigen and insulin-like growth factor 1 (IGF-1) receptors were suppressed by the LUT supplementation in the HFD-fed mice. The LUT treatment (10, 20, and 40 µM) inhibited the proliferation and migration of HT-29 cells cultured in Ad-CM in a dose-dependent manner, as well as the differentiation of 3T3-L1 preadipocytes. Conclusion: These results suggest that the anticancer effect of LUT is probably due to the inhibition of IGF-1 signaling and adipogenesis-related cell proliferation in colon cancer cells.

• Journal of Nutrition and Health
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• 제50권6호
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• pp.578-584
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• 2017

Purpose: Excess intake of sodium is a major diet-related risk factor for human diseases including hypertension and cancer as well as obesity and inflammation. However, findings are still controversial, and evidence is lacking in Koreans. Therefore, for better understanding of the role of dietary sodium intake in disease etiology, this study investigated the effects of dietary sodium intake on adiposity, inflammation, and hormones in Koreans. Methods: A total of 80 males and females joined the study. The general characteristics and dietary intake data were investigated by trained interviewers using a questionnaire and 24-h dietary recall, respectively. For the markers of adiposity, body weight, body mass index, percent of body fat, visceral fat area, and waist and hip circumference were measured. For the inflammation and hormone markers, leptin, adiponectin, insulin, tumor necrosis $factor-{\alpha}$, and interleukin-6 were also analyzed. Results: Multivariate linear regression analyses suggested that dietary sodium intake was not associated with adiposity. However, dietary sodium showed a significant association with insulin level: Plasma insulin concentration increased with sodium intake independent of other dietary intake or percent of body fat (${\beta}=0.296$, adjusted $r^2=0.276$, p < 0.01). Other markers for inflammation and hormonal responses were not associated with dietary sodium intake. Conclusion: Findings suggested that dietary sodium intake may be a critical modifying factor in the level of plasma insulin. However, it showed a limited effect on obesity and other inflammation markers and hormone levels. These findings should be confirmed in larger, well-designed investigations.

• 생명과학회지
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• 제31권11호
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• pp.1037-1045
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• 2021

전세계적으로 비만의 유병률은 증가하고 있으며 비만 유행은 식이요인과 좌식 생활 방식과 관련이 있기 때문에 현대인에게 발병하기 쉬운 질병이다. 또한 비만은 당뇨병, 심혈관계 질환과 같이 심각한 합병증을 동반하기 때문에 비만을 예방하고 치료하는 것이 중요해지고 있다. 현재 Liraglutide와 phentermine과 같은 의약품이 식욕억제 및 위장관 운동 지연을 유도해 비만 치료를 하고자 사용되고 있지만 갑상선암, 심혈관계 부작용, 중추 신경계 부작용 등 다양한 부작용이 발생하는 것으로 알려져있다. 따라서 상대적으로 부작용이 적은 비만 치료 방법을 탐색하기 위해 백색 지방조직을 갈색조직지방으로 바꾸어 에너지 소비를 증가시켜 비만을 치료하는 "Fat browning"이라는 방법이 도입되었다. 임상적으로 안전하게 "browning"을 유도하기 위해 효과 있는 천연 물질을 탐색하기 위한 연구가 진행중이며 현재 많은 천연물 소재가 연구되었다. 천연 물질 치료를 통한 "Browning" 유도는 일반적으로 "Browning" 유도 인자의 긍정적인 제어, 백색지방조직으로의 분화 억제, "Browning"과 관련된 메커니즘의 활성화의 세 가지를 포함한다. 따라서 Strawberry, Black raspberry, Cinnamomum cassia, Ecklonia stolonifera와 같은 "Browning" 유도 효과가 알려진 식물 추출물에 대한 연구를 설명한다. 우리는 또한 이러한 추출물이 "Browning"을 유도하고 그들이 매개하는 신호 경로를 통해 지금까지 확인된 메커니즘을 요약한다. 나아가 Browning을 통해 생성된 갈색지방조직이 내분비 기관으로써 심장 질환에 미치는 영향까지 확인해본 후 정리했다.

• Journal of Chest Surgery
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• 제45권1호
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• pp.1-10
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• 2012

Background: ${\alpha}$-Lipoic acid (${\alpha}$-LA) has been studied as an anticancer agent as well as a therapeutic agent for diabetes and obesity. We performed this study to evaluate the anticancer effects and mechanisms of ${\alpha}$-LA in a lung cancer cell line, A549. Materials and Methods: ${\alpha}$-LA-induced apoptosis of A549 cells was detected by fluorescence-activated cell sorting analysis and a DNA fragmentation assay. Expression of apoptosis-related genes was analyzed by western blot and reverse transcription.polymerase chain reaction analyses. Results: ${\alpha}$-LA induced apoptosis and DNA fragmentation in A549 cells in a dose- and time-dependent manner. ${\alpha}$-LA increased caspase activity and the degradation of poly (ADP-ribose) polymerase. It induced expression of endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress-related genes, such as glucose-regulated protein 78, C/EBP-homologous protein, and the short form of X-box binding protein-1, and decreased expression of the anti-apoptotic protein, X-linked inhibitor of apoptosis protein. Reactive oxygen species (ROS) production was induced by ${\alpha}$-LA, and the antioxidant N-acetyl-L-cysteine decreased the ${\alpha}$-LA-induced increase in expression of apoptosis and ER stress-related proteins. Conclusion: ${\alpha}$-LA induced ER stress-mediated apoptosis in A549 cells via ROS. ${\alpha}$-LA may therefore be clinically useful for treating lung cancer.

• Journal of Nutrition and Health
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• 제52권1호
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• pp.17-25
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• 2019

본 연구에서는 댕댕이나무 열매 추출물이 3T3-L1과 마우스 지방유래줄기세포의 지방 분화유도 및 지방생성에 미치는 영향을 살펴보았다. 3T3-L1에 댕댕이나무 열매 추출물을 처리하였을 때, 농도의존적으로 지방구의 생성을 줄였고 지방세포 분화에 있어서 중요한 전사인자인 $PPAR{\gamma}$, $C/EBP{\alpha}$, SREBP1의 발현을 억제시켜 지방 합성이 감소됨을 확인하였다. 또한, 마우스 지방에서 분리한 줄기세포의 지방 분화과정에서도 댕댕이나무 열매 추출물이 $PPAR{\gamma}$, $C/EBP{\alpha}$, SREBP1의 단백질 발현을 감소시켜 지방 축적을 농도 의존적으로 억제하였다. 이상의 결과로 댕댕이나무 열매 추출물은 세포독성이 없는 농도에서 지방 세포의 분화를 억제 하는 것으로 확인되어 항비만 기능성 소재로서의 활용 가능성이 있을 것으로 사료된다.

• Journal of Digestive Cancer Research
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• 제11권1호
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• pp.9-14
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• 2023

The prevalence of Barrett's esophagus is increasing in South Korea. Several strategies have been tried to prevent its progression to esophageal adenocarcinoma. It is questionable whether the strategies being tried in the West can be applied adequately in South Korea. However, despite the incidence of esophageal adenocarcinoma in the West, which is considerably higher than that in South Korea, the incidence of high-grade dysplasia/esophageal adenocarcinoma in population-based studies is as low as 0.23%/person-year. Therefore, in Korea, where the prevalence is lower than that, it is necessary to select high-risk groups more carefully for chemoprevention. The age of onset of gastroesophageal reflux disease-like symptoms at least once a week is related to the high-risk group rather than the presence or absence of chronic gastroesophageal reflux symptoms. The risk factors for esophageal adenocarcinoma include the patient's sex, age, smoking habit, and obesity. Proton pump inhibitors have a better preventive effect against esophageal adenocarcinoma compared to H2-receptor blockers, but their application to patients in Korea is limited due to the high number of individuals in need of treatment. Therefore, while considering the risk factors for the progression of esophageal adenocarcinoma, the administration of proton pump inhibitors should be considered for gastroesophageal reflux disease.

• KSBB Journal
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• 제31권3호
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• pp.145-150
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• 2016

Boehmeria nivea (L.) Gaud., a flowering plant, has been widely cultivated in Asian countries including Korea. It has been reported that B. nivea exhibits health beneficial effects for the prevention of inflammation, oxidative stress, and virus-related diseases. In this study, we evaluated the inhibitory effect of B. nivea on adipocyte differentiation and angiogenesis. DPPH radical scavenging activities of 70% ethanol extract of B. nivea (EBN) and water extract of B. nivea (WBN) were $90.8{\pm}1.1%$ and $20{\pm}6.9%$, respectively. EBN was also effective in the reduction of adipocyte differentiation in 3T3-L1 cells. We next examined the transcriptional activity of peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor gamma ($PPAR-{\gamma}$), a pivotal target for anti-obesity. We found that treatment with rosiglitazone induced the transactivation of $PPAR-{\gamma}$. Under the same condition, $800{\mu}g/mL$ EBN reduced the transactivation of $PPAR-{\gamma}$ in rosiglitazone-induced cells. These results demonstrate that EBN-inhibited adipocyte differentiation was accompanied by $PPAR-{\gamma}$ inhibition. The study also tested whether EBN exhibits an anti-angiogenic effect by inhibiting tube formation in HUVECs. We found that EBN effectively inhibits tube formation, suggesting that EBN exhibited an anti-angiogenic effect. Taken together, B. nivea can be used as a functional food for the prevention of obesity and angiogenesis-related diseases including cancer.