• Journal of Korean Medicine for Obesity Research
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• v.15 no.2
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• pp.153-161
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• 2015

Gamrosu is a modified fasting therapy beverage (431 kcal/d). A retrospective observational study was conducted to investigate the detoxification feasibility of Gamrosu. Three cases were reviewed which participants have finished the fasting with Garmrosu for 10 consecutive days. Detoxification profiles of Gamrosu were reviewed at pre- and post-fasting sessions. Post-Gamrosu session, -6.3% of average weight, -6.5% of average body fat mass and -6.6% of average muscle mass were reduced with the nutrition indices being improved. The inflammation indices showed the significant diminished profiles. Liver/kidney functions and the standard of electrolytes were maintained within normal range in stable manners, however, marginal elevation of total bilirubin and mild ketoacidosis were observed. The indices of oxidative stress decreased and those of antioxidative activity increased. The fatigue scale scores indicated lower scores except insomnia symptom. Taken together, detoxification profiles of Gamrosu were sufficiently feasible and the observed findings should be considered for further clinical studies.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Food Culture
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• v.18 no.1
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• pp.17-27
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• 2003

This study was intended to collect the baseline information on dietary behavior of adults to develop nutrition education program in the context of health promotion at community level. Nutrients intake of 135 housewives were assessed by 24 hour recall methods. Also food habits, nutrition knowledge and attitude were investigated by self-administered questionnaires. Our results indicated dietary intake of calcium and vitamin $B_2$ were insufficient when they were compared to Korean recommended dietary allowances(RDA). Among five food groups, intakes of milk and dairy product was inadequate as compared to the recommended amount. When we compared the fatness indices to self-evaluated meal problems, overeating and speedy eating were significantly related to fatness indices. Fatness indices such as relative body weight(RBW) and body mass index(BMI) were significantly higher in the subjects who self-evaluated their unsound food behavior as overeating. However, there were no significant differences of food habit score and nutrition knowledge among groups classified by fatness or meal problem. Body fat ratio, frequencies of night snack and skipping meal significantly increased with age. Food habit score was positively related to health-concerned attitude and active attitude toward change. We concluded that nutrition education program for housewives should include detailed strategies to modify unsound food behaviors for healthy weight.

• Journal of the Korean Dietetic Association
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• v.18 no.2
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• pp.186-199
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• 2012

The present study was conducted to investigate dietary habits and biochemical indices according to the obesity index of elementary school students visiting a hospital for diagnosis. The subjects of this study were 150 elementary school students and their mothers. The overweight rates of child subjects were 37.5% for males and 40.9% for females, whereas the rates of underweight children were 35.0% for males and 14.5% for females. Children's obesity index significantly decreased with an increase in the average monthly income of children's families. Children's obesity index, mothers' weights, BMI, and percent ideal body weight were all positively correlated. Blood biochemical values in children (hemoglobin, hematocrit, albumin, globulin, glucose, total cholesterol, and triglyceride levels) and their obesity index also showed positive correlation. For the underweight group, the frequency of iron-deficiency anemia was significantly high, whereas for the overweight group, the frequency of dyslipidemia was high. There was a significant increase in children's obesity index and a decrease in frequency of regular exercise with time spent on the TV/computer. The normal weight group recorded the highest total scores for mothers' nutritional knowledge, whereas the overweight group recorded the lowest total scores. Therefore, to maintain healthy weight in children, nutritional education programs for mothers and children should be developed.

• The Journal of Korean Society for School & Community Health Education
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• v.17 no.1
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• pp.23-33
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• 2016

Objectives: The purpose of this study is analysing the influence of how health behavior such as smoking, drinking, and consuming salt and obesity affects to blood pressure and providing useful data for preventing ischemic heart disease of Peru which is main cause of death since 2012 and promoting healthy lifestyle of community. Methods: At the selected four districts in Lima and Callao region of Peru by KOICA Peru office, survey was conducted among adults over the age of 18. Excepted 19 incomplete people for the missing, 686 people were analysed in this survey. Results: There was no significant relationship between blood pressure and drinking and salt intake. By regression analysis, systolic blood pressure was significantly related with gender, age and abdominal obesity and diastolic blood pressure was significantly related with gender and abdominal obesity. Conclusions: As a result, diastolic and systolic blood pressure are mainly affected by waist circumference and gender. Therefore, It's need to be classifying male into vulnerable groups in the occurrence of hypertension and providing health education and information about hypertension to them. For improving health status of vulnerable group, awareness of hypertension prevention and changing unhealthy lifestyle to healthy lifestyle activities are necessary. In the end, it is necessary to prevent abdominal obesity through periodic health education.

• Korean Journal of Human Ecology
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• v.16 no.3
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• pp.631-642
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• 2007

This study was an investigation of obesity, food habits and daily nutrient intakes of the 4th grade elementary school students in daejeon. A total of 148 children(male:71, female:77) participated in the study. We classified the subjects into normal group and obese group according to the grade of obesity indices by body fat ratio(BFR), 70% of the male and 31% of the female were obese group. The average height, weight were $140.1{\pm}4.9cm$, $33.0{\pm}3.6kg$(obese group), $141.9{\pm}5.7cm$, $42.0{\pm}3.6kg$(normal group) for the male, $141.2{\pm}6.4cm$, $42.4{\pm}6.2kg$(obese group), $139.5{\pm}6.4cm$, $33.0{\pm}4.5kg$(normal group) for the female. Weight showed a noticeable increase in the obese group, but height was not statistically significant. In dietary habits, it wasn't statistically significant but male obese group showed statistically increase in terms of eating fast(p>0.05) and eating snacks before sleeping(p>0.01) and female obese group was higher in frequency of eating out a month than normal group. Energy intakes of obese group was more than normal group and the average intakes of Vit. A, folic acid, Ca, were below the RI. The average intakes of vit A, vit C, folic acid, Ca, were also below the RI in normal group. The average intakes of vit A, folic acid, Ca, Fe were below the RI in female. Especially in female the intake of Ca was only 53.6%(obese group), 56.4%(normal group) of RI. From these results, we knew prevalence of obesity in elementary school students were high and obese groups were high in energy intakes but low in essential nutrients. Therefore we have to try to prevent and treat childhood obesity. So nutrition education of balanced diet and good dietary habits is needed for elementary school students.

• Preventive Nutrition and Food Science
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• v.3 no.2
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• pp.186-192
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• 1998

This study was conducted to investigate the relationship among prevalence of obesity, nutritional status and factors related to obesity of women who exercise regularly. The subjects of this study were 100 women who have been exercising regularly for more than 6 months. They were mostly housewives ages 24 to 63 years and had graduated middle or high school. Their average income was form 700 to 1,500 thousand won per month and most of them had 2 r 3 children. They sleep usually 6~8 hours a day. Most of physical indices of obesity were increased progressively with age. Among them , weight (61.5$\pm$1.4kg), subscapular (16.3$\pm$1.4mm) and abdomen(31.4$\pm$1.2mm) skinfold thickness were higher in 50 years than in others. BMI after exericse was decreased compared with BMI before exericise. WHR was 0.82 in 40 years and 0.85$\pm$0.01 in 50- to 60- year-old group. The percentage of body fat increased with advancing years and the highest values were shown in 50 - to 60-year old group (skyndex value : 38.6$\pm$0.6, BIA value : 28.7$\pm$0.8<0.05). The prevalence of obesity was measured by bioelectrical impedance fatness analyzer (BIA), obdy mass index (BMI) and skinfold thickness were 17.0%, 24.0% and 78.0% respectively. Most subjects were in good nutritional status, but in the subjects aged 24~49, energy (89.3%), iron (93.3%) and vit. A (97.4%) intake were slighltyl lower than the RDA. Energy intake was slightly insufficient tot he 50-63year old subjects (88.6%) compared with RDA. It seemed that they restricted calorie intake for the weight control. The energy percentage of carbohydrate, fat and protein was 65 : 20 : 15, the result of which came closed to the recommended calorei composition. There were positive correlations between obesity and other variable such as age. number of childeren and physical indics.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Food Science and Nutrition
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• v.38 no.12
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• pp.1707-1711
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• 2009

This study was conducted to investigate the effects of ethanol extract from Lycii folium (L. folium) leaves on obesity index, serum lipids, homocysteine, leptin, ghrelin, and glucose in obese rats. Sprague-Dawley rats were administrated high-fat diets to induce obesity. Then, obese rats were divided into three diet groups: a basal-diet obese group (BO group), high-fat diet obese group (FO group), and high-fat diet plus L. folium extract obese group (FLEO group). Three groups were each fed experimental diet for 8 weeks. There were no significant differences in body weight and FER among the groups. However, obesity index such as Ro？hrer index, Lee index, and T.M. index of FLEO group was significantly decreased as compared to FO group. While serum triglyceride of BO group was significantly decreased as compared to FO group, there were no significant differences in serum lipids, homocysteine, leptin, ghrelin and glucose between FLEO group and FO group. In conclusion, these results indicated that ethanol extract from L. folium leaves might be beneficial with anti-obese effect by reduction of obesity indices in obese rats.

• The Journal of Internal Korean Medicine
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• v.33 no.3
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• pp.284-297
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• 2012

Objectives : This study was performed to investigate characteristic indice of heart rate variability (HRV) according to presence of metabolic syndrome (MS), pattern identification. Methods : We analyzed 167 subjects who participated in a stroke check-up. We classified the subjects into two groups as MS (n=48) and non-MS (n=119) based on NCEP ATP III. First, we investigated pattern identification of all subjects based on Korean Standard Pattern Identifications for Stroke-III. Second, we surveyed significance of HRV indices between MS and non-MS groups. Third, we investigated significance of HRV indices between classified DP of MS and classified DP of non-MS. Fourth, we investigated significance of HRV indices between classified DP of MS and non-MS. Fifth, we investigated significance between components of MS and HRV indices. Results : 1. SDNN, RMS-SD, HF, Ln(HF), and HF (NORM) were significantly lower in the MS than non-MS group. LN (TP), LF/HF were significantly higher in the MS than non-MS. 2. Ln (HF), Ln (TP), and LF/HF were statistically significant in the classified DP of MS group. 3. RMS-SD, and Ln (HF) were significantly lower in the abdominal obesity group than in the non-abdominal obesity group. SDNN, RMS-SD, TP, Ln (TP), VLF, Ln (VLF), and Ln (LF) were significantly lower in the hypertension group than in the non-hypertension group. RMS-SD was significantly lower in the diabetes group than in the non-diabetes group. Mean HRT,LF/HF were significantly higher in the hypertriglyceridemia than non-hypertriglyceridemia group, but Ln (HF), RMS-SD, and HF (NORM) were significantly lower in the hypertriglyceridemia than non-hypertriglyceridemia group. Conclusions : We found a few significant relationships between classified DP of MS and HRV indices. The resluts demonstrate that MS has potentially negative effects on the cardiovascular system, and these effects could be detected by HRV.

• Journal of Digital Convergence
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• v.13 no.5
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• pp.329-336
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• 2015

The purpose of this study was to develop and manage fitness management class by experimenting effects of fitness management class on obese indices, metabolic syndrome risk factors and health and skill-related fitness in university students. Progress of fitness management class by exercise prescription program according to level of students health and fitness. Comparison of obesity indices, metabolic syndrome risk factors and health and skill-related fitness between fitness management class group and control(physical education class) group in before- and after-16week exercise prescription program. Decision of class contents and establishment of fitness management class. The effects of fitness management class appeared to higher than control group on obese indices, metabolic syndrome risk factors and health and skill-related fitness. In conclusions, we suggest that fitness management class for wellness convergence is effective for health promotion of students.

• The Journal of Pediatrics of Korean Medicine
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• v.24 no.2
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• pp.99-111
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• 2010

Objectives The objectives of this study were to evaluate the correlations between the indices of obesity and percentage body fat by bioelectrical impedance analysis(BIA). Also, this study was designed to define the cut off values of percentage body fat by BIA which would represent BMI and degree of obesity in order to detect overweight and obesity in preschool children. Methods The height and weight of 683 children aged four to six years old were measured. Also, percentages of body fat were measured by BIA. Results There were high correlations between the boy's body fat percentages and degree of obesity(r=790). Also, there were high correlations between the girl's body fatpercentages and BMI(r=778). The cut off values of body fat percentage, which would correspond to those of BMI percentiles, were calculated by ROC curve analysis. To classify as an overweight, the correspondent cut off values of body fat percentage were 19.55% in boys and 22.35% in girls. For obesity, the cut off values were 28.80% in boys and 27.60% in girls. The cut off values of body fat percentage, which would correspond to degree of obesity were calculated by ROC curve analysis. To classify as an overweight, the correspondent cut off values of body fat percentage were 19.75% in boys and 22.35% in girls. For obesity, the cut off values were 29.05% in boys and 28.75% in girls. Conclusions According to the BMI criteria by the Korean pediatrics society in 2007, the most appropriate cut off values of body fat percentage in for four to six years old children were follows; for boys, 19.55% considered as overweight, and 28.80% as obese while for girls, 22.35% considered as overweight and 27.60% as obese. According to suggested degree of obesity criteria, the most appropriate cut off values of body fat percentage in for four to six old children were were follows; For boys, 19.75% was considered as overweight, and 29.05% as obesity. For girls, 22.35% was considered as overweight, and 28.75% as obese.