• Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention
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• v.17 no.4
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• pp.1937-1945
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• 2016

Background: In order to determine the role of meat consumption and related nutrients in the etiology of prostate cancer we conducted a case-control study among Uruguayan men in the time period 1998-2007. Results: The study included 464 cases and 472 controls, frequency matched for age and residence. Both series were drawn from the four major public hospitals in Montevideo. Unconditional logistic regression was used to estimate odds ratios (ORs) and 95 % confidence intervals (95 % CI) of prostate cancer by quartiles of meat intake and related nutrients. The highest vs. the lowest quartile of intake of total meat (OR = 5.19, 95 % CI 3.46-7.81), red meat (OR = 4.64, 95 % CI 3.10-6.95), and processed meat (OR = 1.78, 95% CI 1.22-2.59) were associated with increased risk of prostate cancer. Meat nutrients were directly associated with the risk of prostate cancer (OR for cholesterol 5.61, 95 % CI 3.75-8.50). Moreover, both total meat and red meat displayed higher risks among obese patients. Conclusions: This study suggests that total and red meat and meat nutrients may play a role in the etiology of prostate cancer in Uruguay.

• Journal of Community Nutrition
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• v.1 no.2
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• pp.133-139
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• 1999

The purpose of this survey was to investigate eating habits, life styles and nutritional care of diabetic outpatients and to provide basic data for developing individualized nutritional care and diabetic education programs. This survey was carried out by nutritional counseling with a questionnaire and checking medical record. Information about the general characteristics of the subjects, eating habits, health-related life styles and attitude and perception of subjects to diet therapy was gathered from 200 randomly-sampled diabetic outpatients at a University Hospital located in Inchon. All data were analyzed by Statistical Analysis System(SAS) software. The results are summarized as follows : Female subjects were 63.5% of total subjects and 65.5% of total subjects were 50 years or more. The average Body Mas Index(BMI) of male and female subjects were 23.06kg/㎡ and 25.02kg/㎡ respectively and 44% of all subjects wee obese. Among subjects, type II diabetic patients were 81.0% and 82.5% of subjects had suffered from diabetes for more than one year. Also 41% subjects had diabetic history in their family. More than half of the subjects had nutrition education concerning diabetes. Also 75.5% of them thought that nutrition education was effective. The most important guideline in diet therapy was to eat cooked rice with dietary fiber-rich grains. Therefore, it might be necessary to develop nutrition education program adjusted according to diabetic patient's needs and life styles, which may increase feasibility of self-care and implementation of management guidelines.

• Journal of Chest Surgery
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• v.29 no.12
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• pp.1377-1380
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• 1996

Severe hemodynamic dysfunction may follow after the closure of the median sternotomy in patients with myocardial edema, cardiac dilatation, and severe postoperative bleeding. In extreme cases, myocardial edema may be so severe that cardiac function is compromised merely by the edges of the open sternum touching the heart. Sternotomy remained open and delayed sternal closure is already described adjunct in complicated cardiac operations. We experi nced a case of delayed sternal closure after 16 hours of CABG using synthes DCP wide plate in a 54-year old obese female patient. Our experience conims that delayed sternal closure Is an effective at simple means of dealing with severe myocardial edema so we report this case with literature review.

• Journal of mucopolysaccharidosis and rare diseases
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• v.2 no.2
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• pp.35-37
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• 2016

Prader-Willi syndrome (PWS) often develops type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) related to severe obesity. The prevalence of T2DM in adults with PWS (7-20%) exceeds greatly the prevalence in the general population (5-7%). It is uncommon for pre-pubertal children with PWS to develop overt diabetes or glucose intolerance. GH therapy and genotype did not influence the development of altered glucose metabolism. It has been assumed that T2DM in PWS develops as a consequence of morbid obesity and concomitant insulin resistance. However recent studies suggest the relationship between morbid obesity and T2DM development is more complex and appears to differ in PWS subjects compared to non-PWS subjects. PWS patients had relatively lower fasting insulin levels and increased adiponectin levels compared with BMI-matched obese control despite of similar levels of leptin. So PWS children may be protected to some extent form of obesity-associated insulin resistance. Although there's no data, it seems logical to approach diabetes management including weight loss and increased exercise, using similar pharmacological agents as with non-PWS obesity-related diabetes such as metformin or thiazolidinedione, with the introduction of insulin as required. On the other hand, several recent T2DM in PWS case reports suggest favorable outcomes using Glucagon-like peptide 1 (GLP-1) analog with regard to ghrelin reduction, control of glucose and appetite, weight loss and pre-prandial insulin secretion. The role of GLP-1 agonist therapy is promising, but has not yet been fully elucidated.

• Diabetes and Metabolism Journal
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• v.42 no.6
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• pp.538-543
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• 2018

Globally, diabetic retinopathy (DR) is one of the leading causes of blindness, that diminishes quality of life. This study aimed to describe the prevalence of DR, and its associated risk factors. This cross-sectional study was carried out among 478 diabetic patients in a referral center in Fars province, Iran. The mean${\pm}$standard deviation age of the participants was $56.64{\pm}12.45$ years old and DR prevalence was 32.8%. In multivariable analysis, lower education levels (adjusted odds ratio [aOR], 0.43; 95% confidence interval [CI], 0.24 to 0.76), being overweight (aOR, 1.70; 95% CI, 1.02 to 2.83) or obese (aOR, 1.88; 95% CI, 1.09 to 3.26), diabetes duration of 10 to 20 years (aOR, 2.35; 95% CI, 1.48 to 3.73) and over 20 years (aOR, 5.63; 95% CI, 2.97 to 10.68), receiving insulin (aOR, 1.99; 95% CI, 1.27 to 3.10), and having chronic diseases (aOR, 1.71; 95% CI, 1.02 to 2.85) were significantly associated with DR. In conclusion, longer diabetes duration and obesity or having chronic diseases are strongly associated with DR suggesting that control of these risk factors may reduce both the prevalence and impact of retinopathy in Iran.

• Journal of Sasang Constitutional Medicine
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• v.34 no.2
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• pp.36-47
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• 2022

Objectives The purpose of this study was to systematically review previous studies on constitutional herbal medicine treatment for the obesity. Methods A total of 11 databases were searched in English, Chinese, and Korean. Standard methodologies for the systematic review were used to search, analyze and synthesize data for undertaking review and meta-analysis for intervention. The risk of bias was assessed by two independent researchers using the Cochrane risk of bias. Results A total of 2 RCTs were selected and analyzed. The results of the meta-analysis showed a significantly positive effect in the body weight and body mass index for the patient group treated with Taeeumjowi-tang compared to the placebo control group. Conclusions Our results suggested that Taeeumjowi-tang could be considered for improvement of symptoms in obese patients, without serious adverse events. Due to the low quality of the clinical evidence in this study, further studies are needed to evaluate efficacy and safety of constitutional herbal medicines for obesity.

• Archives of Obesity and Metabolism
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• v.3 no.1
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• pp.27-34
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• 2024

The prevalence of obesity in children and adolescents is increasing worldwide. Obesity in children and adolescents not only increases the risk of transitioning to obesity in adulthood but also increases the risk of cardiometabolic diseases such as high blood glucose, high blood pressure, dyslipidemia, fatty liver, and hyperinsulinemia during childhood. The goal of treating obesity in children and adolescents is not to focus on weight loss but to help children reach a healthy weight while maintaining normal growth appropriate for their age and sex. To achieve this goal, regular physical activity and exercise, dietary modification, improvement of obesity-prone environmental factors, and behavioral changes are required for a healthy lifestyle. If appropriate weight control is not achieved through lifestyle modifications, pharmacotherapy may be considered for adolescents with severe obesity aged 12 and above. Recent clinical trials have reported the efficacy and safety of pharmacotherapy in severely obese adolescents. Currently, two medications can be prescribed in Korea for patients with obesity aged 12 and above: Orlistat and Liraglutide. However, despite effective weight control through drug treatment, body weight may increase again after treatment discontinuation. Therefore, it is crucial to evaluate adherence to health behaviors during visits and continue to educate on lifestyle modifications, even during pharmacotherapy, to minimize weight regain.

• Journal of the Korea Convergence Society
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• v.11 no.8
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• pp.269-278
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• 2020

The purpose of this study was to investigate the effect of left ventricular diastolic function on exercise capacity in hypertensive patients with obesity compared to the obese group. Adults who visited a general hospital in Gyeonggi-do from 2016 to 2019(man: 308, women: 192) were divided into 4 groups according to hypertension and obesity. In the hypertensive obesity group(IV), the A wave and E/E' wave were significantly higher than the normotensive obesity group(II), and the E' wave was significantly lower(respectively p<0.001). The group IV had significantly lower METS(metabolic equivalents) and exercise duration than the group II(respectively p<0.001). In group IV, E/A ratio was positively correlated with METS(p=0.025) and exercise duration(p=0.026). In contrast, E/E' wave in these groups showed a negative correlation with the exercise duration(p=0.046).

• Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention
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• v.17 no.11
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• pp.5019-5023
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• 2016

Background: In Mexico, breast cancer (BCa) is in first place regarding cancer mortality and has been established as a priority health issue. The incidence of metastasis from BCa is very high and presents as the principal mortality factor among women younger than 40 years of age. OBJECTIVE. To determine any associations between clinicopathological characteristics and metastasis in Mexican women under 40 years of age. Methods: During the 2010-2015 period, a total of 180 female BCa cases seen at the Navy General High Specialty Hospital, SEMAR, in Mexico City; we collected information on 20 patients with BCa younger than 40 years of age. Statistical analyses were conducted using the Kolmogorov-Smirnov, Students t, Fisher, Chi square, and Mantel-Haenszel tests. Results: The prevalence of women with BCa younger than the age of 40 years during the 2010-2015 period was 13.3%. We found a high frequency of obesity in of these cases (>75%); 100% of obese patients with a history of smoking presented with metastasis (p <0.05). In addition, the hormone phenotype was important; HER2-positive cases were 12 times more likely tto exhibit metastasis (p <0.05), while expression of estrogen and progesterone receptors appeared to be protective. Diabetes mellitus in combination with smoking was also a risk factor for development of metastasis (p <0.05). Conclusion: In this study, we obtained essential data regarding risk of metastasis in young breast cancer cases which could be useful for predicting disease evolution and treatment response.

• Journal of the East Asian Society of Dietary Life
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• v.5 no.1
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• pp.7-19
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• 1995

This study was conducted to evaluate the nutritional status and diabetes management of diabetic patients in the Health Center. General characteristics, food habits, food intakes and the knowledge about diet therapy were investigated from ninety one diabetes subjects. Anthropometric assessment such as weight, hight, triceps skinfold thickness, and biochemical measurement of fasting blood glucose(FBG), post prandial 2 hours blood glucose(PP2), and hemoglobin A1c(HbA1c) were obtained form the subjects. The results were summarized as following : 1. The average of age was 60.9 years old and 83.5% of subjects was illiterate and primary school graduated. 2. Relative Body Weight(RBW) and % body muscle were 96.18${\pm}$13.6 and 33.56${\pm}$7.01%, respectively. Obese subjects whose body weight exceeded 120% of the ideal values were 3.3%. 3. The 86.8% of subjects were managed by oral hyperglycemic agents. 4. The mean of FBG, PP2, HbA1c were 140.75${\pm}$44.43mg/㎗, 7.60${\pm}$1.88%, respectively. 5. The mean daily intake of calorie was 1407㎉, and 73.6% of subjects lower caloric intake than prescribed calorie. when the degree of dietary compliance was expressed as Tunbridge score, 18.7% of total subjects was grouped as satisfactory, where as 20.9% and 60.4% could be considered as tolerable and hopeless, respectively. The nutrients intake were lower than RDA except for Vitamin A and Vitamin C and the ratio of carbohydrate : protein : fat was 72 : 14 : 14. 6. The mean score of knowledge test about diet therapy was 3.52${\pm}$2.19 out of possible 14.00 points. The above results suggested that the most of diabetic patient showed the poor nutritional status and they faced the lack of knowledge about diabetes management.