• 대한화학회지
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• 제44권2호
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• pp.95-101
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• 2000

2-hydroxy-3-hydroxymethy1-5-methylbenzaldehyde(HHMMB)와 ethylenediamine 혹은 1,3-dia-minopropane의 축합반응에 의해 6-배위 칸막이 리간드, $H_4L[A]$와 $H_4L[B]$를 각각 얻은 후에 거대비고리 리간드 착물, $Cu(H_2L[A]).H_2O$, $Cu(H_2L[B]).H_2O$, CuFe(L[A]($NO_3$).$4H_2O$, CuFe(L[B])($NO_3$).$4H_2O$, [$CuGd(H_2L[A])(NO_3)_2](NO_3).2CH_3OH$, [CuGd($H_2L$[B])($NO_3)_2$]($NO_3).2CH_3OH를 합성하였다. 2,6-diformyl-p-clesol (DFPC)로부터 합성한 Ln-거대고리([20]DOTA)착물,[Ln([20]DOTA)($NO_3)(H_2O)$]($NO_3$)2.$xH_2O${Ln(III)=Pr, Sm, Gd, Dy를 methanol 용매에 2일 정도 정치함으로써 [Ln([20]DOTA)($NO3$)($CH_3OH)]^{2+}$을 얻을 수 있다. 이 lanthanide-[20]DOTA착물에서 배위된 $CH_3OH$이 주게원자가 N 혹은 O인 두자리 보조리간드, $L_a$(=o-phenylenediamine,1,10-phenanthroline, ethylenediamine,oxalic acid, malonic acid, acethyl-acetone에 의해 치환될 때 평형상수(K)를 $25^{\circ}C\;{\mu}=0.1M\;NaClO_4$ 에서 분광학적 방법으로 결정하였다. 보조리간드의 $pK_a$는 o-Phenylenediamine < 1,10-ptlenanthroline < ehylenediamine,oxalic acid < malonic acid < acethylacetone이며, 이때 평형상수, K는 ethylenediamine < 1,10-phenanthroline < o-phenylenediamine,acethylacetone < malonic acid < oxalic acid 경향으로 변하였다.

• 한국환경보건학회지
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• 제10권1호
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• pp.13-20
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• 1984

The hospital wastewaters have to be so disposed as to prevent disease and to protect water resources from hazardous substances disinfectants, medicines, and chemicals. Polyvinylpyrrolidone-iodine complex (povidone-iodine) is widely used in the hospital as one of disinfectants. This study was carried out to manifest the effect of disinfectants in growth of activated sludge in treatment of the hospital wastewater by the activated sludge process. The results are as follow. 1. An average water quality of the hospital wastewater showed 7.2 in pH, 3.2 ppm in DO, 293.3 ppm in SS, 96.0 ppm in BOD, 151.1 ppm in COD, 0.4 ppm in povidone-iodine, 0.5 ppm in phenols, 5.4 ppm in surfactants, 1.6 ppm in o-phosphate, 4.6 ppm in $NH_3-N, 249\times 10^4$ counts/100 ml in coliform group organisms, and $1,369\times 10^2$ counts/ml in general counts of bacteria. And wastewater amounts discharged per bed was calculated 70 l/d/bed. 2. In batch culture activated sludge process, each of cresol and povidone-iodine was not effected in less than 0.1 ppm concentration, but the more concentration, the more inhibit the growth rate of activated sludge. In the mixture of two disinfectants, the growth was more inhibited the effect of single disinfectants. So that this reaction is considered as addition effect of two disinfectants. 3. The removal rates of the disinfectants-by continuous culture activated sludge process were 77.6% in 0.4 ppm povidone-iodine, and in BOD was 85.6%. 4. It is desirable that the hospital wastewater is planed in order to be discharged to two system separately, sewer from life system and wastewater from medical system. From those results, it has been concluded that the hospital wastewater has to be treated safely by the activated sludge process.

• 한국환경보건학회지
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• 제13권1호
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• pp.47-57
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• 1987

Owing to the modification of testing methods of disinfectants or antiseptics, variations of bacteria according to characteristics of regions and resistance changes of bacteria, it is necessary that the bactericidal activities of disinfectants or antiscptics should be reevaluated nowadays. This study was carried out to reevaluate in the vitro bactericidal activity of Chlorhexidine gluconate solution. The results of experiment were summarized as follows. 1. For Chlorhexidine gluconate solution, minimal inhibitory concentrations of total bacteria taken from sewage water and Legionella bozemanii were $2.0\times 10^{-3}$%, $1.0\times 10^{-2}$%, respectively and were comparatively high. Minimal inhibitory concentration of Shigella flexneri was $1.6\times 10^{-4}$%, and was comparatively low. 2. For total bacteria taken from sewage water, it was killed within 15 minute in 0.1% Chlorhexidine gluconate solution when number of cells was $1.6\times 10^7$/ml. 3. For 0.0125% Chlorhexidine gluconate solution, decimal reduction times of Ps. aeruginosa, S. typhi, E. Coli were 45 sec, 25 sec, 18 sec repectively. For 1%, 0.125% Chlorhexidine gluconate solution, decimal reduction times of Legionella bozemanii were 10 sec, 45 sec respectively. 4. There was significant difference in the bactericidal activity of Chlorhexidine gluconate solution according to temperattire. Phenol coefficient of Chlorhexidine gluconate solution as using Staph. aureus was 100 and comparatively higher than that of other disinfectants. In comparison with other disinfectants, Legionella bozemanii was killed within 5 minutes in 0.02% KMnO$_4$ and 0.125% Chlorhexidine giuconate solution but was not killed within 3 minutes in 1% 0-cresol, 1% Phenol.

• 한국지하수토양환경학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국지하수토양환경학회 2000년도 추계학술대회
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• pp.207-208
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• 2000

Since trichloroethylene (TCE), dichloroethylene (DCE), and vinyl chloride (VC) arise from anaerobic degradation of tetrachloroethylene (PCE) and TCE, there is interest in creating aerobic remediation systems that avoid the highly toxic VC and cis-DCE which predonominate in anaerobic degradation. However, it seemed TCE could not be degraded aerobically without an inducing compound (which also competitively inhibits TCE degradation). It has been shown that TCE induces expression of both the toluene dioxygenase of p. putida F1 as well as toluene-p-monooxygenase of P.mendocina KRI. We investigated here the ability of PCE, TCE, and chlorinated phenols to induce toluene-o-xylene monooxygenase (ToMO) from P.stutzeri OX1. ToMO has a relaxed regio-specificity since it hydroxylates toluene in the ortho, meta, and para positions; it also has a broad substrate range as it oxidizes o-xylene, m-xylene, p-xylene, toluene, benzene, ethylbenzene, styrene, and naphthalene; chlorinated compounds including TCE, 1, 1-DCE, cis-DCE, trans-DCE, VC, and chloroform : as well as mixtures of chlorinated aliphatics (Pseudomonas 1999 Maui Meeting). ToMO is a multicomponent enzyme with greatest similarity to the aromatic monooxygenases of Burkholderia pickettii PKO1 and P.mendocina KR1. Using P.sturzeri OX1, it was found that PCE induces P.mendocina KR1 Using P.situtzeri OX1, it was found that PCE induces ToMO activity measured as naphthalene oxygenase activity 2.5-fold, TCE induces 2.3-fold, and toluene induces 3.0 fold. With the mutant P.stutzeri M1 which does not express ToMO, it was also found there was no naphthalene oxygenate activity induced by PCE and TCE; hence, PCE and TCE induce the tow path. Using P.putida PaW340(pPP4062, pFP3028) which has the tow promoter fused to the reporter catechol-2, 3-dioxygenase and the regulator gene touR, it was determined that the tow promoter was induced 5.7-, 7.1-, and 5.2-fold for 2-, 3-, 4-chlorophenol, respectively (cf. 8.9-fold induction with o-cresol) : however, TCE and PCE did not directly induce the tou path. Gas chromatography and chloride ion analysis also showed that TCE induced ToMO expression in P.stutzeri OX1 and was degraded and mineralized. This is the first report of significant PCE induction of any enzyme as well as the first report of chlorinated compound induction of the tou operon. The results indicate TCE and chlorinated phenols can be degraded by P.stutzeri OX1 without a separate inducer of the tou pathway and without competitive inhibition.

• 한국미생물·생명공학회지
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• 제13권1호
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• pp.71-77
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• 1985

오니(汚泥)로부터 사이클로헥사놀 이용능이 우수한 균(菌)을 분리하여 Acinetobacter calcoaceticus C-15로 동정하였다. A. calcoaceticus C-15의 배양을 위한 최적배지의 조성은 0.2% 사이클로헥사놀, 0.11% $NH_4Cl$, 0.05% $KH_2PO_4$, 0.2% $K_2HPO_4$, 0.02% $MgSO_4{\cdot}7H_2O$ 및 0.05% yeast extract이었다. 이 균(菌)의 생육최적(生育最適) pH는 7.2, 온도는 $33^{\circ}C$ 부근이었다. 사이클로헥사놀 및 사이클로헥사논을 기질로 했을 때 $33^{\circ}C$에서 본(本) 균(菌)의 증식속도는 각각 $0.27hr^{-1}$ 및 $0.15hr^{-1}$이었다. 통기배양에서 사이클로헥사놀에 대한 증식수율은 1.0이었다. 본(本) 균(菌)은 사이클로헥사놀과 사이클로헥사논 이외에 유기산으로 benzoate, adipate, acetate, citrate를 잘 이용하나 salicylate, phthalate, ${\beta}$-hydroxybenzoate, gluconate는 이용할 수 없었다. 알코올로는 에탄올, 1-부탄올, 1-펜탄올을 잘 이용하나 메탄올, 1-헥산올, m-크레졸, 글리세롤은 잘 이용하지 못했다. 또 본(本) 균(菌)은 크실로스 이외의 당류는 잘 이용할 수 없었다. 본(本) 균(菌)의 무세포추출액(無細胞抽出液)으로부터 사이클로헥사놀을 사이클로헥사논으로 전환시키는 사이클로헥사놀 dehydrogenase활성을 검출하였으며, 이 효소의 조효소는 $NAD^+$ 이었다.

• Bulletin of the Korean Chemical Society
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• 제32권8호
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• pp.2711-2716
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• 2011

para-Substituted phenoxide derivatives of Pd(II) having an NCN pincer, Pd(NCN)($OC_6H_4$-p-X) (NCN = 2,6-$(CH_2NMe_2)_2C_6H_3$; X = $NO_2$ (1), Me (2)) were prepared by the reaction of Pd(NCN)($OSO_2CF_3$) with equi-molar amount of $NaOC_6H_4$-p-X. Treatment of Pd(NCN)($OSO_2CF_3$) with an excess amount of $NaOC_6H_4$-p-Me affords the hydrogen-bonding adduct complex 3 ($2{\cdot}HOC_6H_4$-p-Me). Complex 3 can also be obtained from benzene solution of 2 in the presence of free $HOC_6H_4$-p-Me. Complex 1 does not undergo adduct formation with $HOC_6H_4-p-NO_2$ neither from metathesis reaction of Pd(NCN)($OSO_2CF_3$) with an excess amount of $NaOC_6H_4-p-NO_2$ nor from treatment of 1 with free $HOC_6H_4-p-NO_2$. Complex 3 undergoes fast exchange of the coordinated p-cresolate with the hydrogen-bonding p-cresol. Complex 2 undergoes ${\sigma}$-ligand exchange reaction with $HOC_6H_4-p-NO_2$ to give 1. The exchange reaction, however, is irreversible as readily anticipated from their respective $pK_a$ values of the phenol derivatives. Reaction of 2 with diphenyliodium chloride quantitatively produced Pd(NCN)Cl and PhI along with liberation of O-phenylated product $PhOC_6H_4$-p-Me which was identified by GC/MS spectroscopy.

• 한국축산시설환경학회지
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• 제17권3호
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• pp.145-154
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• 2011

본 연구는 청보리 사일리지가 첨가된 발효사료를 임신돈에 급여하였을 때 분에서의 악취물질 농도와 미생물 변화를 조사하고, 변비예방 효과를 확인하기 위하여 수행되었다. 1. in vitro 시험결과 페놀은 타피오카, 비트펄프, 밀기울, 루핀종실에서 검출되지 않았으며, p-크레졸은 9.62~52.11 mg/L 범위로 검출되었는데, 루핀종실이 가장 높았고, 타피오카가 가장 낮았다. 또한 타피오카와 비트펄프에서는 인돌과 스카톨이 검출되지 않아 악취저감용 원료사료로 타피오카와 비트펄프가 가장 유용한 것으로 평가되었다. 2. 비트펄프를 기초로 배합한 악취저감사료를 28일간 임신돈에 급여한 후 분을 채취하여 성상을 조사한 결과 대조구에 비하여 발효사료 급여구에서 수분함량이 높고 경도가 낮았으며, 대장균 (E. coli) 수는 적었으며, 유산균 (lactobacilus) 수는 많았다. 3. 돼지의 분 중 p-크레졸과 스카톨 농도를 측정한 결과 대조구에서는 각각 33%와 67%가 검출한계 이하로 조사되었으나, 발효사료 구에서는 각각 67%와 100% 검출한계 이하로서 조사되어 발효사료를 섭취한 돼지의 분에서 악취가 감소될 수 있었다. 4. 따라서 임신돈에 청보리사일리지가 첨가된 발효사료를 급여하였을 때 대장의 기능이 개선되어 변비예방과 악취감소의 효과를 기대할 수 있을 것이다.

• 한국축산시설환경학회지
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• 제18권sup호
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• pp.41-46
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• 2012

서양고추냉이를 비육돈에 급여하여 분뇨에서 발생되는 악취물질의 농도변화를 조사하였다. 1. 서양고추냉이 분말을 사료에 혼합하여 돼지에 급여한 후 분뇨의 단쇄지방산 농도를 측정한 결과, 사료에 고추냉이를 0.02% 혼합했을 때 아세트산, 프로피온산, 부티르산, 이소부티르산, 이소발레르산, SCFA 및 I-SCFA 농도가 가장 높았다(p<0.05). 2. 페놀과 p-크레졸을 합한 페놀류 농도는 고추냉이를 0.01~0.02% 첨가하였을 때 대조구보다 감소하였다(p<0.05). 인돌과 스카톨을 합한 인돌류 농도는 사료에 고추냉이를 0.03% 첨가하였을 때 가장 낮았다(p<0.05). 3. 따라서 분뇨의 페놀류 농도를 줄이기 위해서는 사료에 고추냉이를 0.02% 이하로 첨가하고, 인돌류 농도를 줄이기 위해서는 사료에 고추냉이를 0.03% 정도 첨가하여야 할 것으로 판단된다.

• 한국축산시설환경학회지
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• 제18권sup호
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• pp.35-40
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• 2012

본 연구는 사료에 서양고추냉이 분말 0.03%, 팽이버섯폐배지 0.5% 및 서양고추냉이 분말 0.03%와 팽이버섯폐배지 0.5%의 혼합제를 사료에 각각 첨가한 후 비육돈에 급여하여 분뇨에서 발생되는 악취물질의 농도변화를 조사하였다. 1. 분뇨의 단쇄지방산 농도를 측정한 결과 초산, 프로피온산, 부티르산 및 이성체지방산의 농도는 처리구간에 차이가 없었다(p>0.05). 2. 분뇨의 페놀, p-크레졸 및 이들을 합한 페놀류 농도는 처리구간에 차이가 없었다(p>0.05). 그러나 인돌 농도는 고추냉이 처리구에서 낮았으며(p<0.05), 스카톨 농도는 대조구와 고추냉이구에서 가장 높았고, 고추냉이와 버섯폐배지의 혼합구에서 가장 낮았으며, 버섯폐배지구는 중간이었다(p<0.05). 인돌류 농도는 고추냉이와 버섯폐배지의 혼합구에서 가장 낮았다(p<0.05).