• 한국식생활문화학회지
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• 제30권1호
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• pp.118-128
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• 2015

This study was performed to analyze health problems in older adults in a comprehensive manner, including usual living habits, nutritional status, and society psychological factors. Research was conducted by a structured questionnaire by interviews with a test group of 316 people over the age of 65 from April 2012 to August 2012. Elderly people's dietary intake was assessed using NSI (Nutrition Screening Initiative) by the 24-hour retrospective method, and elderly people's feeling of helplessness and sense of belonging were assessed using the measuring device. Material analysis, descriptive statistics, and regression analysis were performed using SPSS. Elderly people with increased age showed higher chances of being in the high-risk and undernourished group. Elderly with high NSI showed low intake of fat, protein, fibrin, vitamin C, E, $B_1$, $B_2$, Niacin, K, Fe, Zn, and Cu than those with low NSI. Findings from this comparative analysis indicate that elderly with better nutritional status showed a lower feeling of helplessness than those with poor nutritional status. Overall, elderly people consumed a b road variety of foods, and social emotional stability of elderly people increased at optimal dietary levels.

• Nutrition Research and Practice
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• 제10권5호
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• pp.516-523
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• 2016

BACKGROUND/OBJECTIVES: This study was conducted to examine relationships between dietary habits and intakes of antioxidants and B vitamins and the risk of ischemic stroke, and to compare dietary factors according to the presence of cerebral artery atherosclerosis and stroke subtypes. SUBJECTS/METHODS: A total of 147 patients and 144 control subjects were recruited consecutively in the metropolitan area of Seoul, Korea. Sixty participants each in the case and control groups were included in analyses after 1:1 frequency matching. In addition, 117 acute ischemic stroke patients were classified into subtypes according to the Trial of Org 10172 in Acute Stroke Treatment (TOAST) guidelines. Dietary intake was measured using a semi-quantitative food frequency questionnaire composed of 111 food items and plasma lipid and homocysteine levels were analyzed. RESULTS: When compared with control subjects, stroke patients had unfavorable dietary behaviors and lower intakes of fruits ($73.1{\pm}83.2g$ vs. $230.9{\pm}202.1g$, P < 0.001), vegetables ($221.1{\pm}209.0g$ vs. $561.7{\pm}306.6g$, P < 0.001), and antioxidants, including vitamins C, E, $B_6$, ${\beta}$-carotene, and folate. The intakes of fruits, vegetables, vitamin C, and folate were inversely associated with the risk of ischemic stroke after adjusting for confounding factors. Intakes of vegetables, vitamins C, $B_6$, $B_{12}$, and folate per 1,000 kcal were lower in ischemic stroke with cerebral atherosclerosis than in those without. Overall vitamin $B_{12}$ intake per 1,000 kcal differed according to the TOAST classification (P = 0.004), but no differences among groups existed based on the post-hoc test. CONCLUSIONS: When compared with control subjects, ischemic stroke patients, particularly those with cerebral atherosclerosis, had unfavorable dietary intake, which may have contributed to the development of ischemic stroke. These results indicate that proper dietary recommendations are important for the prevention of ischemic stroke.

• Journal of Nutrition and Health
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• 제27권10호
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• pp.1058-1069
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• 1994

This study was performed to study the effects of dietary factors on breast and cervical cancer incidence in female Koreans. The subjects were 60 breast and 109 cervical cancer patients recruited from five general hospitals in Seoul. Food intake, anthropometric measurement, and blood compositions were studied through personal interview and using medical records, from August 1991 to September 1992. Body weight, body mass index, triceps skinfold thickness and body muscle mass were at upper limit of normal value, which suggest that these patients had a tendency of overweight. The levels of hemoglobin and hematocrit of the patients were below the normal values. The values of serum protein, albumin, and calcium were in the normal range but close to the lower bound. Therefore the nutritional status assessed by blood composition seems to be marginal. The results of diet history showed that most of the nutrient intake of the subjects met with RDA. The fat intake were 22.9-36.9g/day which supplies about 15-16% of total calories. The results of this study do not agree with those reports of western societies which showed the positive correlation between calorie and fat intake and the incidence of breast and cervical cancer. Even through the calories and fat intake of the subjects were not high, it was higher than national average, especially in breast cancer patients. From this study, dietary factors does not seem to be a major risk factor in cancer incidence in Korea. However, the tendency of the increasing consumption of fat could be a contributing risk factor together with overweight.

• Journal of Nutrition and Health
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• 제54권1호
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• pp.23-38
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• 2021

본 연구는 수행된 제6기와 제7기 1차년도 국민건강영양조사 2013-2016 자료를 이용하여 만 19-64세 성인 1인 가구의 식이 패턴에 따른 건강 및 영양상태를 조사하고 대사증후군 구성요소의 유병율과 위험도를 분석하였다. 주요 식이 패턴 도출을 위해 연구대상자의 장기간 섭취 패턴을 파악하고 만성질환과의 연관성을 평가하기에 적절한 [47] 반정량 식품섭취빈도조사지를 이용하였다. 식품섭취빈도조사지의 개별식품을 19개의 식품군으로 재분류하고 군집분석을 실시한 결과, 연구대상자들의 식이 패턴은 '밥과 김치' 패턴, '혼합식' 패턴, '유제품과 과일' 패턴의 총 3개 군집으로 추출되었다. 식이 패턴에 따른 연구대상자들의 일반적 특성은 '밥과 김치' 패턴과 '혼합식' 패턴에서 남성의 비율이 높았으며, 여성의 비율은 '유제품과 과일' 패턴에서 높았다. 연령은 '혼합식' 패턴은 19-29세가 많았으며, '유제품과 과일' 패턴은 50-64세가 많았다. 교육수준도 식이 패턴 간에 차이를 보였는데, '밥과 김치' 패턴에서 저학력 비율이 높은 반면 '유제품과 과일' 패턴은 고학력 비율이 높았다. 식생활 관련 요인을 비교한 결과, '혼합식' 패턴에서 아침 결식과 외식 비율이 높았으며, '유제품과 과일' 패턴은 식이보충제 이용이 높은 것으로 나타났다. 건강관련 요인을 분석한 결과, '혼합식' 패턴에서 높은 음주 빈도와 흡연 비율을 보였고, EQ-5D index는 '밥과 김치' 패턴에서 낮은 점수를 보였다. 영양소 섭취량을 비교한 결과에서 탄수화물 섭취량은 '밥과 김치' 패턴에서 높은 것으로 나타났으나, 그 외 지방, 비타민 A, 리보플라빈, 비타민 C, 나이아신, 칼슘, 인, 칼륨은 모두 '유제품과 과일' 패턴에서 섭취량이 가장 높았다. 본 연구에서는 식이 패턴에 따른 대사증후군 위험요소 위험도를 파악하기 위해 교란변수들을 차례로 보정한 후 분석을 실시하였다. 허리둘레와 중성지방은 기준치 이상이 될 위험도가 연령과 성별을 보정한 후에도 '유제품과 과일' 패턴에서 기준식이 패턴인 '밥과 김치' 패턴에 비해 각각 0.217배, 0.444배로 낮아졌으나 BMI, 폐경, 흡연상태, 음주, 에너지 섭취량을 보정한 후에는 유의적인 차이가 없었다 '밥과 김치' 패턴을 기준으로 대사증후군의 위험도를 비교하였을 때, 보정하지 않은 Model 1에서는 '유제품과 과일' 패턴에서 대사증후군 위험이 0.395배 (95% CI = 0.204-0.763)로 낮아 유의한 차이를 보였다. 교란변수를 차례로 보정한 후 식이 패턴이 대사증후군 위험도에 미치는 영향을 분석한 결과에서는 유의적인 차이를 나타내지 않았다. 현재 지속적으로 1인 가구가 증가하고 있는 추세로 보아 1인 가구에 대한 실태 파악은 매우 중요하다. 따라서 1인 가구의 식이 섭취 현황을 기반으로 한 특성을 다양하게 고려하여 대상별 영양관리 프로그램을 맞춤형으로 실시한다면 이들의 건강 및 영양관리가 효율적으로 이루어질 수 있을 것이다.

• 한국산업정보학회논문지
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• 제27권5호
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• pp.73-82
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• 2022

고혈압과 같은 만성질환은 발병의 원인은 다양한 요인들이 복합적으로 작용하기 때문에 생애주기에 따라 차별화된 관리가 필요하다. 본 연구는 머신러닝을 이용해 고혈압 발병에 영향을 미치는 요인들의 생애주기별로 차이를 분석한다. 이를 위해, 질병관리청의 국민건강영양조사 데이터에 대한 전처리 및 변수 선택 과정을 거쳐 총 35개의 변수를 활용했다. 분석결과, 트리기반 머신러닝 모델 중 XGBoost가 중년과 노년 모두 예측 성능이 높은 모델로 나타났다. 변수중요도를 통해 도출된 생애주기별 고혈압 위험요인을 살펴보면 중년의 경우 개인특성 요인, 유전적 요인, 영양섭취 요인이 고혈압 위험요인으로 나타났고, 노년의 경우 영양섭취 요인, 식생활 요인, 생활습관 요인이 고혈압 위험요인으로 도출되었다. 본 연구 결과는 생애주기별 고혈압 관리에 유용한 기초자료로 사용될 수 있을 것으로 기대된다.

• 한국식품영양과학회지
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• 제21권2호
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• pp.219-230
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• 1992

영양소와 약물은 생물학적 운명 -즉, 흡수.대사.배설 과정이 유사하여 이 과정에서 상호 작용한다. 약물은 영양소의 흡수.대사.배설에 영향을 미치고 이로 인해 영양상태를 변화시킬 수 있다. 또한 영양상태 및 식이요인은 약물의 이용상태를 변경시킬 수 있다. 따라서 약물치료를 받는 개개인은 좋은 영양상태 유지를 위한 지식을 필요로 하고, 그 질병과 연계한 식이 변형의 중요성을 인식하여야 한다. 영양가 높고 균형 잡힌 식사가 개인의 건강을 유지하는데는 물론이고 영양 불량이나 약물의 약리작용 변경으로 인한 위험을 감소시킬 수 있다.

• Journal of Digestive Cancer Research
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• 제11권2호
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• pp.77-84
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• 2023

Dietary habits play a significant role in the development of colorectal cancer. Over the past decades, various epidemiological and meta-studies have indicated a close relationship among nutrient intake, dietary habits, and incidence of colorectal cancer. Less consumption of red or processed meat and alcohol, if possible, and high consumption of vitamins B and D, garlic, magnesium, fiber, calcium, and omega-3 fatty acids reduce the risk of colorectal cancer. Additionally, balanced diet intake and proper weight maintenance are crucial for colon cancer prevention. All these factors are modifiable and associated with the recurrence and overall survival after cancer development, thereby greatly contributing to the nutritional treatment of patients diagnosed with colorectal cancer.

• Journal of Community Nutrition
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• 제8권2호
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• pp.90-95
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• 2006

Asian Americans is a minority population contributing approximately 4% to the total population of the United States, however it is one of the fastest growing populations. Although Asian Americans as a group have socioeconomic profiles that are similar to white Americans, significant variations exists within and across Asian ethnic groups. The top ten leading causes of death for Asian Americans includes cancer, heart diseases, stroke, unintentional injuries, diabetes, influenza and pneumonia, chronic lower respiratory disease, suicide, nephritis, and septicemia. The prevalence of obesity is lower among Asian Americans, however this should be taken with considerations specific to Asians. High salt and low calcium consumption seem to be dietary risk factors for Asian Americans, although dietary patterns are changing with acculturation. Factors affecting dietary patterns are discussed in this paper. A proactive nutrition education approach for Asian Americans should be promoting maintaining 'healthy' aspects of ethnic diets and adopting 'healthy' American diets. Collaboration with nutrition educators in Asian countries would be helpful to overcome limited resources available for researching and developing nutrition education messages and materials for Asian Americans. (J Community Nutrition 8(2): 90-95, 2006)

• Journal of Nutrition and Health
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• 제35권5호
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• pp.558-570
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• 2002

This study was performed to develop an index assessing the overall diet quality for Korean. The study subjects consisted of preschool children (PC), elementary school children (EC), high school students (HS), college students (CS), and adults over 30 years old living Seoul and the surrounding areas. The subjects over 30 years old were classified to 30-49 years, 50-69 years, and over 70 years. A dietary survey was conducted using 24-hour recall method and data were collected from 2392 people. Newly developed Korean diet quality index (KDQI) was an index assessing the overall diet quality from the view point of balance. KDQI was based on the nutritional problems of Koreans, dietary risk factors for chronic degenerative diseases, 5 major food groups, and dietary guidelines. The ten components of KDQI were vegetables, fruits, dairy products, dietary variety score, calcium intake, iron intake, energy intake, fat intake, and cholesterol intake. The full score of each component was 10 points and the score of KDQI was calculated by summing the scores of the 10 components. When the KDQI was applied to this study subjects, the distribution of subjects KDQI scores was similar to normal distribution. Mean score of KDQI was 56.0 and the range of the mean by age was from 45.7 for the subjects over 70 years old to 60.7 for the elementary school children. The components which composed the lowest three means were dairy intake, fruit intake, Ca intake in most age groups. Mean score of DVS was one of the highest three but not for the subjects over 50 years old. After subjects with KDQI score over 70 were classified to higher poop and those with KDQI score under 40, to lower group, nutritional characteristics were compared. Energy contributions of carbohydrate, proteins, and fit, percentages of RDA for major nutrients, and dietary diversity scores were more adequate in the higher poop than in the lower group. The lower poop had more risks for chronic degenerative diseases. According to the results, KDQI was valid index to assess the overall diet quality and it could be used to detect risk group for malnutrition and chronic degenerative diseases.

• Journal of Nutrition and Health
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• 제39권8호
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• pp.795-800
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• 2006

In order to examine nutritional and behavioral risk factors of atopic dermatitis (AD) in Korean preschoolers, we analyzed data on 144 children aged 3-6 years with AD and their 434 healthy counterparts. The data included breast-feeding history, current weight, food behaviors assessed by the Mini Dietary Assessment (MDA), food intake by a semi-quantitative food frequency questionnaire, and behavior problems by the Preschool and Kindergarten Behavior Scale (PKBS). Multivariate logistic regression analyses were performed after controlling for preschool location and child's age, gender and total energy intake, as appropriate. There was no group difference of child and household characteristics. Breastfeeding history was related to lower AD risk (OR = 0.63, 95% Cl = 0.40-0.99), yet no statistically significant association was found with overweight status. Regarding food behaviors, AD risk was lower in children who drank milk at least one cup per day (OR = 0.52, 95% Cl = 0.35-0.78) and had regular meals (OR = 0.62, 95% Cl =0.42-0.92). Moreover, there were lower risks of AD in the second (OR =0.48, 95% Cl = 0.28-0.82) and the highest (OR = 0.55, 95% Cl = 0.32-0.94) intake quartiles as compared with the lowest quartile of kimchi intake. Similarly, AD risk was lower in the highest quartile of rice (OR = 0.51 Cl = 0.28-0.93) and the second quartile of fruit (OR =0.45, 95% Cl = 0.25-0.82) intakes. AD children had more problems in social interaction (OR = 1.97,95% Cl = 1.26-3.07) and independence (OR = 1.60, 95% Cl = 1.01 -2.54) measures than the healthy controls. Likewise, AD children tended to show more problem behaviors such as anxiety (OR = 1.63, 95% Cl = 0.99-2.69). Our results suggest that nutritional and behavioral dimensions are related to AD risk, yet the case control study design may preclude generalization of these results.