• 한국식품영양과학회지
• /
• 제24권2호
• /
• pp.286-292
• /
• 1995

Proximate composition, dimension, water uptake and volume increase rates of three cultivars of Korean kidney beans, Pink(PKB), Red(RKB) and White(WKB) were compared. Significant differences in the proximate composition and calorie were not observed among samples. Hull removed samples showed the lowest ash content and the highest calorie. The rates of water uptake increased as the soaking temperature increased from 10~4$0^{\circ}C$. The moisture gain of the kidney beans during soaking showed a similar pattern to volume increase. Water uptake and volume increase rates were in the decreasing order of PKB, RKB and WKB. Moisture and volume gains held a linear relation with the square root of soaking time regardless soaking temperatures. The activation energies of water uptake and volume increase were 3033~3087 and 3077~ 3161 kcal/mole, respectively. The log time to reach a fixed moisture content showed a linear relation with soaking temperature regardless soaking temperatures. The z-values calculated from weight and volume changes decreased in proportions to the increase of hydration. The z-values of weight and volume to reach 50% hydration were 50.5~56.6$^{\circ}C$ and 48.4~61.2$^{\circ}C$, respectively.

• Asian-Australasian Journal of Animal Sciences
• /
• 제28권3호
• /
• pp.420-427
• /
• 2015

It is necessary to understand the cellular uptake and cytotoxicity of food-grade delivery systems, such as ${\beta}$-lactoglobulin (${\beta}$-lg) nanoparticles, for the application of bioactive compounds to functional foods. The objectives of this study were to investigate the relationships between the physicochemical properties of ${\beta}$-lg nanoparticles, such as particle size and zeta-potential value, and their cellular uptakes and cytotoxicity in Caco-2 cells. Physicochemical properties of ${\beta}$-lg nanoparticles were evaluated using particle size analyzer. Flow cytometry and confocal laser scanning microscopy were used to investigate cellular uptake and cytotoxicity of ${\beta}$-lg nanoparticles. The ${\beta}$-lg nanoparticles with various particle sizes (98 to 192 nm) and zeta-potential values (-14.8 to -17.6 mV) were successfully formed. A decrease in heating temperature from $70^{\circ}C$ to $60^{\circ}C$ resulted in a decrease in the particle size and an increase in the zeta-potential value of ${\beta}$-lg nanoparticles. Non-cytotoxicity was observed in Caco-2 cells treated with ${\beta}$-lg nanoparticles. There was an increase in cellular uptake of ${\beta}$-lg nanoparticles with a decrease in particle size and an increase in zeta-potential value. Cellular uptake ${\beta}$-lg nanoparticles was negatively correlated with particle size and positively correlated with zeta-potential value. Therefore, these results suggest that the particle size and zeta-potential value of ${\beta}$-lg nanoparticles play an important role in the cellular uptake. The ${\beta}$-lg nanoparticles can be used as a delivery system in foods due to its high cellular uptake and non-cytotoxicity.

• Nutrition Research and Practice
• /
• 제10권5호
• /
• pp.477-486
• /
• 2016

BACKGROUND/OBJECTIVES: Consumption of pine nut oil (PNO) was shown to reduce weight gain and attenuate hepatic steatosis in mice fed a high-fat diet (HFD). The aim of this study was to examine the effects of PNO on both intestinal and hepatic lipid metabolism in mice fed control or HFD. MATERIALS/METHODS: Five-week-old C57BL/6 mice were fed control diets containing 10% energy fat from either Soybean Oil (SBO) or PNO, or HFD containing 15% energy fat from lard and 30% energy fat from SBO or PNO for 12 weeks. Expression of genes related to intestinal fatty acid (FA) uptake and channeling (Cd36, Fatp4, Acsl5, Acbp), intestinal chylomicron synthesis (Mtp, ApoB48, ApoA4), hepatic lipid uptake and channeling (Lrp1, Fatp5, Acsl1, Acbp), hepatic triacylglycerol (TAG) lipolysis and FA oxidation (Atgl, Cpt1a, Acadl, Ehhadh, Acaa1), as well as very low-density lipoprotein (VLDL) assembly (ApoB100) were determined by real-time PCR. RESULTS: In intestine, significantly lower Cd36 mRNA expression (P<0.05) and a tendency of lower ApoA4 mRNA levels (P = 0.07) was observed in PNO-fed mice, indicating that PNO consumption may decrease intestinal FA uptake and chylomicron assembly. PNO consumption tended to result in higher hepatic mRNA levels of Atgl (P = 0.08) and Cpt1a (P = 0.05). Significantly higher hepatic mRNA levels of Acadl and ApoB100 were detected in mice fed PNO diet (P<0.05). These results suggest that PNO could increase hepatic TAG metabolism; mitochondrial fatty acid oxidation and VLDL assembly. CONCLUSIONS: PNO replacement in the diet might function in prevention of excessive lipid uptake by intestine and improve hepatic lipid metabolism in both control diet and HFD fed mice.

• 한방비만학회지
• /
• 제19권2호
• /
• pp.89-96
• /
• 2019

Objectives: We investigated whether membrane free stem cell extract from adipose tissue (MFSCE) has anti-diabetic effect. Methods: To determine glucose uptake effect of MFSCE, we carried out glucose uptake assay in 3T3-L1 adipocytes. The regulatory mechanisms of MFSCE on glucose uptake were examined by Western blot analysis. Results: When MFSCE was treated to adipocytes at the concentration of 0.5, 1, 2.5, and 5 ㎍/mL, 2-deoxyglucose-6-phosphate uptake was elevated approximately 1.8-fold compared to cells not treated with MFSCE. It indicated that MFSCE enhances glucose uptake in 3T3-L1 adipocytes. In addition, MFSCE reduced phosphorylation of insulin receptor substrate-1 at serine 307 and induced Akt and glucose transporter 4 protein expressions that were related to insulin signaling. Furthermore, MFSCE regulated adenosine monophosphate-activated protein kinase (AMPK) pathway by increases of increase phosphorylation of AMPK and acetyl-CoA carboxylase that were related to AMPK pathway. Conclusions: These results indicated that MFSCE promotes glucose uptake via modulation of insulin signaling and AMPK pathway. Therefore, MFSCE could be a promising agent for treatment of diabetes mellitus.

• 한국식품영양과학회지
• /
• 제16권2호
• /
• pp.69-74
• /
• 1987

일반계인 천마벼와 다수계인 가야벼를 이용하여 팥알의 수분흡수속도와 부피증가속도, 침지조건별 가열시 호화도 및 취반속도를 구하여 일반계와 다수계 쌀의 조리특성을 비교 검토하였다. 수분흡수량과 부피증가량은 모두 침지시간의 평방근과 직선적인 관계를 보였고, 동일한 침지온도와 침지시간에서는 부피증가량이 수분증가량 보다 많았다. 쌀의 조리중 호화도는 무침지한 것보다 침지한 것이 더 빨랐으며, $120^{\circ}C$에서의 취반속도는 100%에 비하여 천마벼가 1.79배, 가야벼가 1.83배 높았다. 수분흡수량, 부피증가량, 쌀의 조리중 호화도 및 취반속도는 모두 다수계인 가야벼가 일반계인 천마벼 보다 높았다.

• 한국식품영양학회지
• /
• 제18권2호
• /
• pp.127-134
• /
• 2005

This study was conducted to investigate the correlations among body composition, athletic ability and nutritional status according to BMI in Korean college students. The anthropometric measurements of three groups showed significant differences in weight, body fat, waist, hip, WHR, skinfold thickness(p<0.001). There were significant difference in vitamin A and niacin by their BMI(p<0.05). There were significant increase in trunk flexion(p<0.05) and maximal oxygen uptake(p<0.05) in subjects as their BMI. There were negative correlation between weight and foot balance, maximal oxygen uptake. Also, foot balance and maximal oxygen uptake were negatively related with BMI. There was a significant positive correlation between BMI and flexion(p<0.50). Grip strenth(p<0.01) and back strenth(p<0.05) were positively related with WHR. Overweight group was significantly inferior in muscular power and endurance but was better in muscular strength than the other groups. Based on this study, the further studies on obesity indice are required for health promotion among young women population.

• 한국식품영양학회지
• /
• 제23권2호
• /
• pp.233-239
• /
• 2010

Phenolic acid concentrates of rice bran(RB-ex) and hydroxycinnamic acids were investigated for their anti-hyperglycemic activities through glucose uptake and glucokinase activity using HepG2 cells and stimulatory effects on insulin secretion using HIT-T15 cells. RB-ex was prepared as an ethylacetate extract after alkaline hydrolysis and hydroxycinnamic acids, found as major compositions of RB-ex, such as ferulic acid(FA), sinapic acid(SA) and p-coumaric acid(p-CA) were investigated to compare with the properties of RB-ex. The properties of glucose uptake in HepG2 cells were examined in the absence of insulin and two different glucose concentrations(5.5 mM and 25 mM). RB-ex and FA showed anti-hyperglycemic activities through the increase of glucose uptake and the stimulation of glucokinase activity in HepG2 cells. RB-ex exhibited higher glucose uptakes with higher glucose concentrations, whereas FA exhibited the same increasing effects on both concentrations of glucose. RB-ex and FA exhibited doubled glucokinase activities relative to control. In the presence of insulin in the 25 mM glucose-containing medium, the levels of glucose uptake were increased in all treatments compared with control. As stimulatory effects of samples on insulin secretion were estimated, RB-ex and FA stimulated insulin secretion at a concentration of 25 ${\mu}g/m{\ell}$ and in particular, FA showed the highest amount of insulin-release in HIT-T15 cells. Antioxidative effects on HIT-T15 cells, RB-ex and hydroxycinnamic acids, excluding p-CA, showed inhibitory activities of 78% to 80% at a concentration of 100 ${\mu}g/m{\ell}$. On the basis of these results, we conclude that RB-ex and FA could help decrease blood glucose levels and prevent the cell damages via antioxidant activity.

• Applied Biological Chemistry
• /
• 제33권1호
• /
• pp.18-23
• /
• 1990

우리나라에서 생산되는 장려품종 중 팔달, 단엽, 장백, 백운, 장엽콩과 재래종 중 검정콩(Local 1), 갈색아주까리콩(Local 2)등 7품종을 대상으로 수분흡수특성 및 부피변화에 대하여 조사하였다. 수분흡수의 특성에서 시료 품종 모두 $40^{\circ}C$ 이상으로 온도가 증가하면서 평형에 도달한 무게증가율은 낮아졌으며 초기흡수속도에서는 $60^{\circ}C$까지 증가하다가 그 이상의 온도에서는 큰 차이가 없었다. 수분흡수속도상수는 $4{\sim}60^{\circ}C$의 범위에서 검정콩이 다른 품종들보다 높았으며 갈색아주까리콩은 가장 낮았다. 수분흡수의 활성화에너지는 3,246cal/mole에서 4,694cal/mo1e의 범위였다. 부피증가속도는 장백과 검정콩이 빠른 경향이었고 팔달이 느린 경향을 보였으며 부피증가의 활성화에너지는 3,310 cal/mole에서 4,190 cal/mole의 범위였고 수화도의 온도 의존성(z값)은 무게증가로 계산한 것보다 부피증가로 계산한 값이 다소 높았다.

• Journal of Nutrition and Health
• /
• 제35권4호
• /
• pp.446-453
• /
• 2002

본 논문에서는 자혈양근탕 (滋血養筋湯, JH) 및 양혈장 근건보환 (養血壯筋健步丸, YH) 처방제가 장내 칼슘흡수에 미치는 영향을 살펴보고자 인체 소장상피세포주 모델인 Caco-2 세포를 이용하여 칼슘 uptake와 net transport를 각기 평가하였으며. 그 결과를 요약하면 다음과 같다. 첫째, Caco-2 세포를 분주 후 4, 8, 16. 그리고 24일간 배양하면서 칼슘 uptake 활성을 측정 한 결과 분화가 진행될수록 uptake 활성이 증가하였다. 둘째. Caco-2 세포에 한약처방제를 50 $\mu\textrm{g}$/ml 농도로 일정시간 동안 전처리하여 칼슘 uptake 활성을 측정한 결과, YH 처방제는 24시간 전처리 시 (29.9% 증가), 그리고 JH처방제는 6시간 전처리 시 (23.9%증가) 한약처방으로 전처리하지 않은 대조세포에 비해 칼슘 uptake가 유의적으로 증가하였다. 셋째. 한약처방의 농도를 달리하면서 6시간 동안 전처리한 후 칼슘 Uptake활성을 측정한 결과, 대조세포에 비해 YH 또는 JH 처방제는 100 $\mu\textrm{g}$/ml (23% 증가) 및 50 $\mu\textrm{g}$/ml 농도 (28.3% 증가)에서 칼슘 uptake 활성을 각기 최대로 증가시켰다. 넷째, YH 또는 JH 처방제가 Caco-2 세포에 의한 칼슘 net transport에 미치는 영향을 평가하기 위해 5, 50, 100 $\mu\textrm{g}$/ml농도의 한약처방제로 6시간동안 Caco-2세포에 전처리한 결과, 두가지 한약처방제 모두 칼슘 net transport에 유의적인 변화를 초래하지 않았다. 이상의 in vitro연구결과는 양혈 및 양근작용에 관여하는 자혈양근탕 및 양혈장근건보환 처방제가 소장상피세포를 통한 칼슘 uptake 활성은 증가시킨 한편 칼슘 net transport 활성에 변화를 초래하지 않았고. 결과적으로 장내 칼슘 흡수에 유의적인 영향을 미치지 않았음을 제시하는 것이다

• Journal of Nutrition and Health
• /
• 제47권3호
• /
• pp.167-175
• /
• 2014

본 연구에는 SCLE를 이용하여 시도된 바가 없는 glucose uptake 유도 실험을 수행하여 HepG2 세포에서 포도당흡수가 증가함을 확인하였다. 또한 이런 포도당의 흡수는 HNF-$1{\alpha}$라는 transcription factor의 활성화를 통해 GLUT-2의 발현을 증가시키기 때문인 것을 실험적으로 증명하였다. 뿐만 아니라 Bacillus stearothermophilus 유래의 GK를 이용하여 활성을 측정한 결과 SCLE가 직접적으로 GK를 활성화하여 포도당의 인산화에 영향을 주는 것을 확인할 수 있었으며 그 실험결과들은 Fig. 8에서 도식화 하였다. 본 연구를 통해 SCLE가 ${\alpha}$-glucosidase inhibition 활성에 의한 혈당의 개선과 당뇨예방 효과뿐만 아니라 다양한 세포내 기전을 통해 혈당 및 당뇨의 개선을 유도할 수 있음을 확인하였고, 이는 SCLE가 neutraceuticals 소재로서의 개발가치가 높음을 시사한다.