• Journal of the Korean Society of Food Culture
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• v.10 no.2
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• pp.119-123
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• 1995

This study was carried out to obtain the information concerning nutritional status, including factors of food habits of 293 men working at industry in Ulsan area. The subjects of this study were composed of 152 clerical workers and 141 physical workers. The results of this study can be summarized as follows: Average age of this subjects was 34.7 years (ranging from 21 to 52), the mean height and weight were 171.5 cm and 66.9 kg, corresponding to the BMI of 22.7. The mean food habit score was 4.4 (ranging from 0 to 9.5) and the mean nutrition knowledge score was 4.9 (ranging from 0 to 10.0) which showed significant correlations with food habit score. Dietary intake data showed the average daily intake of energy, protein, calcium and iron were higher than Korean recommended dietary allowances (RDA), vitamin A, $B_1,\;B_2$, niacin, ascorbic acid were lower than RDA. Among the various influential factors, nutrition knowledge, drinking, smoking and prevalence symptoms of subjects correlated with food habits significantly.

• Korean journal of food and cookery science
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• v.32 no.3
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• pp.333-341
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• 2016

Purpose: In this study, we comparatively investigated the nutrition knowledge, dietary attitude, and dietary behavior related to salt according to the types of dietary life style for differences between the groups. Methods: The survey was conducted between May 1 to July 31, 2014 among 500 adults aged >19 years in Seoul, Gyeonggi-do and Chungcheong-do areas. Results: Factor analysis of the dietary life style, indicated 4 factors including food convenience factor, food information emphasis factor, behavior factor of pursing food taste, and food purchase standard factor, which were classified into 3 groups according to differentiated dietary life style types; group 1 emphasized convenience and diversity of food, and price sensitiveness. and included subjects who had low interest in health and nutrition and were less likely to take care of their health through regular exercise,; group 2 emphasized food ingredients, food additives, usage and food purchase standards. and included subjects who were more likely to take care of their health through exercise and showed lower intake of fast food and less cases of eating out.; and group 3 showed relatively higher tendency toward dietary life style factors than the other two groups. The level of nutrition knowledge in sodium intake differed according to dietary life styles, and showed a significant difference in the dietary practice of sodium intake. Conclusion: Nutrition education on the healthy dietary habit of reducing sodium intake be based on ge and gender. In addition, an effort is required to improve behavior, interest, and attitude according to the important tendencies of the dietary life style.

• Nutrition Research and Practice
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• v.9 no.1
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• pp.87-91
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• 2015

BACKGROUND/OBJECTIVES: This research was conducted to compare lecture- and experience-based methods of nutritional education as well as provide fundamental data for developing an effective nutritional education program in elementary schools. SUBJECTS/METHODS: A total of 110 students in three elementary schools in Jeollanam-do were recruited and randomly distributed in lecture- and experience-based groups. The effects of education on students' dietary knowledge, dietary behaviors, and dietary habits were analyzed using a pre/post-test. RESULTS: Lecture- and experience-based methods did not significantly alter total scores for dietary knowledge in any group, although lecture-based method led to improvement for some detailed questions. In the experience-based group, subjects showed significant alteration of dietary behaviors, whereas lecture-based method showed alteration of dietary habits. CONCLUSIONS: These outcomes suggest that lecture- and experience-based methods led to differential improvement of students' dietary habits, behaviors, and knowledge. To obtain better nutritional education results, both lectures and experiential activities need to be considered.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Food Science and Nutrition
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• v.39 no.9
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• pp.1286-1294
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• 2010

The purpose of this study was to investigate the effects of nutrition education focus on food habit, eating behaviors, dietary attitude, nutrition knowledge, and nutrients intake. The nutrition education was provided to 103 overweight and obese children in Chonbuk area. Nutrition education lessons were conducted 40 min/lesson, 12 times in year (6 times/semester). We assessed the change in knowledge using a questionnaire on food habit, eating behaviors, dietary attitude, nutrition knowledge and nutrients intake using 24 hr recall method. After the nutrition education, dietary habits were significantly improved. Especially, the answer of 'Don't eat when feel full' were significantly improved (boys (p<0.01), girls (p<0.05)). And the answer of 'Eat sugar meal frequently (chocolate, candy)' which is a dietary attitude question was significantly improved (girls (p<0.05)). There were positively changes in the dietary attitude and nutrition knowledge, but there were no significant differences after program. The results suggest that this nutrition education must be continue for positive food habit change in the long term.

• Korean Journal of Community Nutrition
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• v.10 no.5
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• pp.623-632
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• 2005

This study was intended to collect the baseline information on dietary behavior of adults to develop nutrition education program in the context of healthy weights at community level. Nutrient intakes of 128 housewives were assessed by 24 hour recall method. Also food habits, nutrition knowledge and attitude were investigated by self-administered questionnaires. Subjects were divided to under-weight, normal-weight, over-weight groups by body mass index (BMI). Most under-weight groups evaluated as their current body images were normal. $41\%$ of normal-weight groups judged as their current body images were obese. Energy and fat intakes of over-weight group were significantly higher than that of under-weight and normal weight groups (p<0.05). However, carbohydrate and protein intakes showed no significant differences among the three groups. It appeared that active attitude toward change in nutrition attitude of normal weight group was significantly higher than that of under-weight group (p<0.05). There were no significant differences of food habit score, nutrition knowledge, and obesity habit scores among the three groups. The frequency of eating-out showed significant difference among three groups (p<0.05). Food habit scores were positively related to health-concerned attitude (r=0.174), convenience-concerned attitude (r=0.229) and food enjoyed attitude (0.213) and negatively related to obesity habit score (r=-0.206). Also, positive correlation of body fat mass with frequency of eatingout (r=0.213), instant food (r=0.227) and amount of meal (r=0.187) existed (p<0.05). We concluded that nutrition education programs for housewives should include specific strategies to modify unsound food behaviors and inappropriate perception of body image for a healthy weight.

• Journal of Nutrition and Health
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• v.43 no.4
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• pp.382-394
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• 2010

The purpose of this study was to evaluate the effects of a nutrition education program as part of health promoting projects in an elementary school. A total of 168 students in the 4th grade were enrolled in the program for 6 months. A self-administered questionnaire was developed to assess nutrition knowledge and dietary habit. Nutrient intakes and body shape perceptions were measured using 24-hour recall method and self-ratings of body shape figures, respectively. The education program was conducted in various ways, focused on healthy dietary behavior, nutrients' roles and sources, and proper body shape perceptions, etc. After the education program, nutrition knowledge and dietary habit were significantly improved. Dietary habit scores were significantly and positively related to nutrition knowledge levels. Body shape perceptions were significantly and properly changed after the program. Dissatisfaction with perceived current body shape and discrepancy between shapes desired and considered healthy were significantly decreased. But girls still indicated a desire to be leaner than shapes which were perceived current and considered healthy. Nutrient intakes were partly improved by the program, but some nutrients, such as calcium, folate, zinc, sodium and niacin, were still remained deficient or excessive. These findings indicate that enhancement of nutrition knowledge is extended to the improvement of dietary habit. In addition, establishment of proper body shape perception is closely related to healthy dietary habits and is required to good nutrition and health.

• Korean Journal of Community Nutrition
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• v.20 no.5
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• pp.327-337
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• 2015

Objectives: Dietary life is closely associated with dietary attitude and diet-related knowledge. Particularly, dietary habit such as sodium intake can be affected by various dietary behaviors such as food choices, dietary attitude toward salty food and a preference for salty taste. The purpose of this study was to assess sodium-related nutrition knowledge and to identify sodium-related attitude and behaviors according to the level of sodium-related knowledge of university students. Methods: Anthropometric measurements were provided by 408 students who participated in this study. The study participants answered questionnaires to provide information on general dietary behaviors, sodium-related dietary attitude and other behavioral factors. A total score of nutrition knowledge was used to categorize study participants in to two groups, namely, low level in sodium-related knowledge (LNaK) or high level in sodium-related knowledge (HNaK) and the attitude and the behaviors of students toward sodium intake were compared between these two groups. Results: The ratio of female students in HNaK group was higher than that in the LNaK group. HNaK group had a higher score in checking nutrition label of processed food than the LNaK group. Total score of sodium-related attitude and behaviors of HNaK group were 34.81 and 32.75, respectively and these scores were significantly higher than that of the LNaK group whose scores were 32.57 and 30.57, respectively. Total energy intake was not different between two groups but the intakes of calcium, vitamin B2 and folate were higher in HNaK group than in the LNaK group. Correlation analysis adjusted for age and gender revealed that total score of sodium-related nutrition knowledge was positively correlated with total score of sodium-related attitude and behaviors. Conclusions: In conclusion, students who had high level of sodium-related nutrition knowledge had desirable attitude and behaviors toward sodium intake and these results can be considered in nutrition education for university students.

• Korean Journal of Community Nutrition
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• v.3 no.3
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• pp.410-422
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• 1998

To promote health status, strategies and interventions to improve nutrition should be based on the proper diagnosis of the subject's eating patterns. The elderly usually have traditional food habits and preferences, and it is very difficult to change them. This study was designed to identify dietary behavior and food preference of the elderly, in order to provide baseline data for the Elderly Nutrition Intervention Program for the Public Health Center. A survey questionnaire was made for use by trained interviewers to query 151elderly people from 5 community elderly centers located in Suwon, Korea. The majority of them ate regularly and partook of all available side dishes. Their major dietary problems were frequent consumptions of salty foods, and eating too quickly. They consumed grains and vegetables regularly, but seldomly ate dairy products, fruits, meat and food prepared with oil. They also tended to eschew ready made processed food, high cholesterol food, and fast food. Also they did not dine out as much as younger people. Desirable eating habit score were not significantly influenced by socioeconomic variables and nutrition-related characteristics. These included nutrition knowledge, Nutritional Risk Index(NRI) and a score of health concerns. However, meal balance scores were significantly higher in the younger group(p<.05), the higher household income group(p<.05). According to stepwise multiple regression analysis, NRI was the most important determinant of a desirable eating habit score for the male elderly, whereas the score of health concerns was mo9st important for female elderly subjects. The greatest predictor of the meal f balance score was nutrition knowledge. The elderly liked sweet tasting food, grains, rice, stews and Korean style soups. They disliked sour food, dairy products, processed food, and bread. The results indicate that the Elderly Nutrition Education Program should focus on increasing consumption of dairy products, fruits and food with oil, prepared by traditional Korean cooking methods. It also suggests that the program planning should consider the socioeconomic status of the elderly, such as income and education level, as well as concern for health.

• Journal of Nutrition and Health
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• v.43 no.5
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• pp.489-499
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• 2010

The effects of a nutritional education program for first grade middle school students were evaluated from August to December, 2006. The study subjects were 82 boys and 90 girls, residing in Gwangju, Korea. To assess the effects of the nutritional education program, pre- and post-questionnaires examining nutritional knowledge, dietary attitudes, and dietary habits were developed. Paired t-test and repeated measures ANOVA were used to evaluate the effects of the nutritional education program. In the general subject, the main after-school activities were studying, watching TV, and using computer (85.5%), and sports (9.3%), suggesting their low physical activity. Parents (46.5%) were indicated as the source of nutritional education rather than teachers (13.4%). Twenty-five percent of girl students had diet experience of skipping meals (54.6%), suggesting the need of proper nutritional education for adolescents' health care. In dietary attitudes, both genders showed some improvement of recognition after education. In the changes in dietary habits, both genders had a significant effect on 'three meals a day, eating breakfast, and regular meal' after education. After education, the rate of having breakfast everyday increased from 52.4% to 65.9% for boys and from 33.3%to 57.8% for girls. In the changes in nutritional knowledge, the appreciation of the importance of school meals increased in both genders from 50.6% to 80.8% after education. The nutritional knowledge, scores of regular eating and well-mannered eating increased in both genders regardless of the students' characteristics. The study results revealed that this education provided an important motivation to improve basic nutritional knowledge and dietary habit. It is recommended to develop systematic and various educational programs and learning materials tailored to subjects before nutritional education.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Food Science and Nutrition
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• v.35 no.7
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• pp.866-873
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• 2006

The purpose of this study was to evaluate the current dietary habits, health related behaviors, nutrition knowledge and body indices, and to investigate the changes in nutrition knowledge for designing and monitoring nutrition education program among preschool children. The subjects were 1,200 preschool children, aged $4{\sim}6$ years. A measurement of the height and weight was conducted. The general home environment, the dietary habit of children and nutrition knowledge were collected using a questionnaire that included information about family income, parent's education and occupations. Using the PIBW, 14.6% of the preschool children were under weight, 54.4% were normal, and 31.0% were overweight or obese. We regarded to food habit score, the highest score was in the regularity of breakfast, while the lowest score was in consumption of yellow-green vegetables such as spinach and carrots. Result in food behavior showed that 69.1% of preschool children had a unbalanced diet, and their favorite snack was fast food like pizza and hamburger then followed soft drink and fried foods (chicken of potato). After nutrition education, there was somewhat improvement in the nutrition knowledge score of preschool children from $7.7{\pm}1.7$ point to $8.9{\pm}1.5$ point. These results suggest that nutrition education help preschool children change their nutrition knowledge. Therefore, it would be needed that new appropriate nutrition education to improve dietary habits and health status.